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Comparison of memory cards

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This table provides summary of comparison of variousflashmemory cards, as of 2025[update]. Of memory cards (i.e. intended as such, to use e.g. internally), SD cards allow for largest capacity by far (withSDUC variant up to 4 TB max. currently available, and the spec allows up to 128 max.), though the much bulkierCFexpress cards can also match the capacity. The relatively large (external)USB flash drives allow for more capacity, and are available with 8 TB.

Common information

[edit]
Unless otherwise indicated, all images are to scale.
Card familyStandards organizationsVarietiesEntry dateMaximum commercially available capacityPicture[1]Main features
CompactFlashSanDiskI1994512 GB (CF5128*250 bytes)Thinner (3.3 mm), flash only, now up to 512 GB, although standard goes up to 128 PB since CF 5.0[2]
IIThicker (5.0 mm), older flash, but usuallyMicrodrives, up to 128 PiB[2]
–ATA and PC Card-compatible
CFexpressCompactFlash Association1.020171 TBCFexpress Type B: XQD form factor (38.5 mm × 29.8 mm × 3.8 mm), PCIe 3.0 x2 (1.97 GB/s), NVMe
2.020194 TB[3]CFexpress Type A: 20 mm × 28 mm × 2.8 mm, PCIe 3.0 x1 (1.0 GB/s), NVMe[citation needed]

CFexpress Type C: 54 mm × 74 mm × 4.8 mm, PCIe 3.0 x4 (4.0 GB/s), NVMe[citation needed]

––––PCIe 3.0 x8 (8.0 GB/s), NVMe
MultiMediaCardSiemens AG,SanDiskMMC199716 GBSlim and small (24 mm × 32 mm × 1.4 mm), up to 16 GB
RS-MMC/MMC Mobile2003/200516 GBCompact (24 mm × 18 mm × 1.4 mm), up to 16 GB
MMCplus200516 GBCompact (24 mm × 32 mm × 1.4 mm), swifter, optional DRM, up to 16 GB
MMCmicro20054 GBSubcompact (14 mm × 12 mm × 1.1 mm), optional DRM, 16 MB to 4 GB
Nano Memoryproprietary (fromHuawei)2018512 GB[4]Subcompact (12.3 mm × 8.8 mm × 0.7) smallest dimensions as of 2024. Can useNano-SIM slots.
Secure DigitalSanDisk,Panasonic,Toshiba,Kodak,SD AssociationSD19992 GB[5]Small (32 mm × 24 mm × 2.1 mm), DRM, up to 2 GB.[5] (2 GB cards use larger block sizes and may not be compatible with some host devices. SeeArticle)
miniSD20032 GB[5]Compact (15 mm × 11 mm × 1 mm), DRM, up to 2 GB.[5] (2 GB cards use larger block sizes and may not be compatible with some host devices. SeeArticle)
microSD20052 GB[5]Subcompact (15 mm × 11 mm × 1 mm), DRM, up to 2 GB.[5] (2 GB cards use larger block sizes and may not be compatible with some host devices. SeeArticle)
SDHC200632 GB[5]Same build as SD but greater capacity and transfer speed, 4 GB to 32 GB (not compatible with older host devices).
miniSDHC200832 GB[5]Same build as miniSD but greater capacity and transfer speed, 4 GB to 32 GB. 8 GB is largest in early-2011 (not compatible with older host devices).
microSDHC200732 GB[5]Same build as microSD but greater capacity and transfer speed, 4 GB to 32 GB.[6] (not compatible with older host devices)
SDXC20091 TBSame build as SD/SDHC, but greater capacity and transfer speed, 32 GB and higher. Standard goes up to 2 TB (not compatible with older host devices).
microSDXC20092 TB[7]Same build as microSD/microSDHC, but greater capacity and transfer speed, 32 GB and higher. Standard goes up to 2 TB (not compatible with older host devices).
SDUC20114 TBSame build as SD/SDHC/SDXC, but greater capacity and transfer speed. Standard goes up to 128 TB (not compatible with older host devices).
SmartMediaToshiba3.3/5 V1995128 MBVery slim (45.0 mm × 37.0 mm × 0.76 mm), nowear leveling/FTL controller, up to 128 MB. This particular example shows the write protect sticker (the silver disc).
Memory StickSony,SanDiskStandard1998128 MBSlim and narrow (50 mm × 21.5 mm × 2.8 mm), optional DRM, up to 128 MB
PRO20034 GB
(not to scale)		Slim and narrow (50 mm × 21.5 mm × 2.8 mm), swifter, optional DRM, up to 4 GB
Duo2003128 MBCompact (31 mm × 20 mm × 1.6 mm), optional DRM, up to 128 MB
PRO Duo2002–200632 GBCompact (31 mm × 20 mm × 1.6 mm), optional DRM, up to 32 GB
PRO-HG Duo2007–200832 GBCompact (31 mm × 20 mm × 1.6 mm), swifter, optional DRM, up to 32 GB
Micro (M2)200616 GBSubcompact (15 mm × 12.5 mm × 1.2 mm), optional DRM, up to 16 GB
SonyPS Vita Memory Card201264 GBSubcompact (15 mm × 12.5 mm × 1.6 mm[8]), compulsory DRM, up to 64 GB, proprietary (can be used on PS Vita only)
P2 (storage media)PanasonicP2200464 GBPC card containing several SD cards grouped together by aLSI Corporation RAID card
MicroP2201264 GBMicroP2 is an ordinary SDXC/SDHC card conforming to UHS-II (Ultra High Speed bus), and can be read by common SDHC/SDXC card readers.
xDOlympus,Fujifilm, SonyStandard2002–2007512 MBSlim and small (20 mm × 25 mm × 1.78 mm), electrically identical to SmartMedia, no wear-leveling controller, up to 512 MB[9]
Type M20052 GBSlim and small (20 mm × 25 mm × 1.78 mm) but slower read/write, no wear-leveling controller, up to 2 GB[9]
Type H20052 GBSlim and small (20 mm × 25 mm × 1.78 mm) and swifter, no wear-leveling controller, up to 2 GB[9]
XQD cardSony & NikonStandard2010240 GBHigh-capacity, high-speed standard usingPCIe as interface. Claimed max. allowed in spec is 2 TB (or over, but no product has come close to that).
Universal Flash Storage Card ExtensionsSamsungUFS Card2016>256 GBPackages the flash memory, currently soldered in shipping smartphones, into a removable card form factor. Uses the SCSI command set including queuing. The electrical interface makes use ofdifferential signaling, which enables high bus speeds and robustness under noisy conditions and reduced pin count (compared to parallel bus alternatives such asUHS-I).
USB flash driveVariousUSB 1.1/2.0/3.0/3.12000/20018 TB[10]
(not to scale)		Universally compatible across most non-mobile computer platforms, their greater size suits them better to file transfer/storage instead of use in portable devices

Physical details

[edit]

Note that a memory card's dimensions are determined while holding the card with contact pins upwards. The length of cards is often greater than their width. Most cards show a directional arrow to aid insertion; such an arrow should be upward.

CardWidth (mm)Length (mm)Thickness (mm)Volume (mm³)Mass (g)[11]
CompactFlash, Type I43.036.03.35,1083.3
CompactFlash, Type II43.036.05.07,740
SmartMedia37.045.00.761,2652.0
MMC, MMCplus24.032.01.41,0751.3[12]
RS-MMC, MMCmobile24.018.01.46051.3
MMCmicro14.012.01.1185
SD, SDHC, SDXC, SDIO,MicroP224.032.02.11,6132.0
miniSD, miniSDHC, miniSDIO20.021.51.46021.0
microSD, microSDHC, microSDXC11.015.01.01650.27
Memory Stick Standard, PRO21.550.02.83,0104.0
Memory Stick Duo, PRO Duo, PRO-HG, XC20.031.01.69922.0
Memory Stick Micro (M2), XC12.515.01.22252.0
Nano Memory12.3[13]8.80.776
PS Vita Memory Card1512.51.63000.6[8]
XQD card38.529.83.84,360
xD25.020.01.788902.8
USBvariesvariesvariesvariesvaries

Speed comparison

[edit]
StandardSDUFS CardCFastXQDCFexpress
Version3.04.06.07.0[14]1.0/1.13.01.02.01.02.01.0?
Launched2010 Q22011 Q12017 Q1?2016 Q2 / 2018 Q12020 Q42008 Q32012 Q32011 Q42014 Q12017 Q2?
BusUHS-IUHS-IIUHS-IIIPCIeUFS 2.0UFS 3.0SATA-300SATA-600PCIe 2.0 x1PCIe 2.0 x2PCIe 3.0 x2PCIe 3.0 x8
Speed

(full-duplex)

104 MB/s156 MB/s624 MB/s1970 MB/s (?)600 MB/s1200 MB/s300 MB/s600 MB/s500 MB/s1000 MB/s1970 MB/s7880 MB/s

Technical details

[edit]
CardVarietiesMax storage capacity (nom. inGiB)Theoretical max. capacity (nom. inGiB)Max read speed (MB/s)Max write speed (MB/s)Read-write cyclesLow-level accessOperating voltage (V)[15]Controller chip[16]# of pins
CompactFlashI512128 PiB[2]
(134,217,728 GiB)		167[17]167[17]NOR/NAND3.3 and 5Yes50
II12[citation needed]128 PiB[2]
(134,217,728 GiB)		167[17]167[17]
SmartMedia128 MiB
(0.125 GiB)		21,000,000NAND3.3 or 5No22
MMCMMC8128221,000,000[18]3.3Yes7
RS-MMC22[19]2[19]3.37
MMCmobile215[20]8[20]1.8 and 3.313
MMCplus4[21]52[22]52[22]3.313
MMCmicro21.8 and 3.310[23]
eMMC2 TiB
(2048 GiB)		1041041.8 and 3.3YesVaries
Secure Digital[24]SD (SDSC)512425[25]253.3Yes9
miniSD8252511
microSD425258
SDHC32[26]32104 (UHS-I)104 (UHS-I)1.8 and 3.3Yes9
miniSDHC4[27]104 (UHS-I)104 (UHS-I)11
microSDHC32[6]104 (UHS-I)104 (UHS-I)8
SDXC512[28]2 TiB
(2048 GiB)		104 (UHS-I)1042.7–3.6[29]Yes9
microSDXC1 TiB[30]104 (UHS-I)104 (UHS-I)8
Memory StickStandard128 MiB
(0.125 GiB)		128 MiB
(0.125 GiB)		2.51.83.3Yes10
PRO42 TiB
(2048 GiB)		20203.3
PRO Duo32[31]20203.3
PRO-HG Duo32[32]30 (actual;[33]
theoretical: 60[34])		30 (actual;[33] theoretical: 60[34])3.3
Micro (M2)16[35]3220201.8 and 3.3
xC2 TiB
(2048 GiB)		60603.3
xD512 MiB
(0.5 GiB)		512 MiB
(0.5 GiB)		533.3No18
Type M2842.5
Type H2854
Type M+2863.75
XQD642+ TiB
(2+ GiB)		1681685
USBFull speed (USB 1)2048[36]
(2 TiB)		No hardware limit115Yes4
High speed (USB 2.0)4040
Super speed (USB 3.0)240160

Consumer details

[edit]
CardWrite protection switch [37]DRM
CompactFlashNoNo
SmartMediaPartial, stickerPartial (optional)
MMC, RS-MMCNoNo
MMCMobileYes, secureMMC
SDYes [38][39]Yes,CPRM
miniSDNo
microSDNo
Memory Stick Standard, PROYesOptional,MagicGate
Memory Stick Duo, PRO DuoNoOptional,MagicGate
Memory Stick PRO-HG DuoNoOptional,MagicGate
Memory Stick Micro (M2)NoOptional,MagicGate
PS Vita Memory CardNoYes, Proprietary
xDNoPartial [40]
USBSometimesNo

Compatibility

[edit]
Chain of adapters:
microSD→miniSD→SD→CF

The following chart gives details on availability of adapters to put a given card (horizontal) in a given slot or device (vertical). This tabledoes not take into account protocol issues in communicating with the device.

Following labels are used:

  • + (native) – A slot is native for such card.
  • D (Directly compatible) – A card may be used in such a slot directly, without any adapters. Best possible compatibility.
  • M (requires aMechanical adapter) – Such adapter is only a physical enclosure to fit one card sized into another; all electrical pins are exactly the same.
  • EM (requires anElectro-Mechanical adapter) – Such adapter features both physical enclosure and pins re-routing as terminals are sufficiently different. No powered elements in such adapter exists, thus they're very cheap and easy to manufacture and may be supplied as a bonus for every such card.
  • E (requires anElectronic adapter enclosure) – These adapters must have components—potentially requiring external power—that transform signals, as well as physical enclosure and pin routing.
  • X (requires an eXternal adapter) – Technically the same asE, but such adapter usually consists of 2 parts: a pseudo-card with pin routing and physical enclosure size that perfectly match the target slot and a break-out box (acard reader) that holds a real card. Such adapter is the least comfortable to use.
  • XM (requires an eXternal electro-mechanical adapter) – Technically the same asEM, but such adapter usually consists of 2 parts: a pseudo-card with pin routing and physical enclosure size that perfectly match the target slot and a break-out box (acard reader) that holds a real card. Such adapter is the least comfortable to use.
  • Empty cell – Card cannot be used in such slot, no single adapter is known to exist. Sometimes a chain of adapters can help (for example, miniSD→CF as miniSD→SD→CF).
Card
Slot
CFCFastSMMMCMemory StickSDSCSDHCSDXCxDXQD
IIIMMCRS-MMC, MMCmobileStdPROPRO DuoMicroSDSCminiSDmicroSDSDHCminiSDHCmicroSDHCSDXCmicroSDXCStdMH
ExpressCardE[41]E[41]E[42]E[43]E[43]E[42]E[42]E[42]E[44]E[42]E[42]E[42]EM
PCI Express Mini CardEM
mSATAXM
PC CardEM[45]EM[45]E[46]E[47]E[47]E[47]E[47]
PCMCIAEM[45]EM[45]E[46]E[47]E[47]E[47]E[47]
CF I++EE[48]E[49]E[49]E[50]E[48]E[51]E[51]E[51]
CF II+EE[48]E[49]E[49]E[48]E[51]E[51]E[51]
CFast+
SM+X[52]X[52]X[52]
xDE[53]+++
XQD+
MMC+MD[54]
MSX[55]++MMX[55]X[55]E[56]
SDSCDM+EMEM
miniSD+EM
microSD+
SDHCD[57]EMEM+EMEM
miniSDHCD[57]EM+EM
microSDHCD[57]+
SDXCuscbD[58]EMEMD[58]EMEM+EM
microSDXCD[58]D[58]+
IDE PATAEM[59]EM[59]E[60][61]
Serial ATAE[62]E[62]EM
PCI ExpressEM
USBX[63]X[63]X[63]X[63]X[63]X[63]E[64]E[64]E[65]E[66]X[63]X[63]X[63]X
FloppyE[67]EE + MEE
Nintendo DS Slot-1E[68]
Nintendo DS Slot-2E[69]E[69]E[69]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Pictures are given in relative scales; they're sized to beWYSIWYG when viewing using 81PPI monitor.
  2. ^abcdCompactFlash Association announces CF 5.0 standard supporting up to 128 PiB of storageArchived 2010-11-22 at theWayback Machine
  3. ^"RED PRO CFexpress".www.red.com. Retrieved2025-03-03.
  4. ^Yordan."Lexar launches 512 GB NM card for Huawei phones".GSMArena.com. Retrieved2024-10-21.
  5. ^abcdefghi"Capacity (SD/SDHC/SDXC/SDUC) | SD Association".www.sdcard.org. 2020-12-11. Retrieved2022-03-28.
  6. ^ab"Why Do microSD Cards Have a Maximum 32GB capacity? – Pocketnow". 31 July 2010. Archived fromthe original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved1 October 2014.
  7. ^"Kioxia 2 TB micro sd".
  8. ^ab"PS Vita Memory Card Instruction Manual". Sony Computer Entertainment Europe. Archived fromthe original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved27 June 2018.
  9. ^abcFUJIFILM Global | xD-Picture Card and AdaptersArchived 2008-01-28 at theWayback Machine
  10. ^"Samsung T5 EVO Portable SSD".Samsung Semiconductor Global. Retrieved2025-03-03.
  11. ^Plexus Outbursts specificationsArchived 2006-06-27 at theWayback Machine
  12. ^Apacer's MMC specificationsArchived 2006-06-24 at theWayback Machine
  13. ^"Lexar nCARD NM Card – Lexar". Archived fromthe original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved2021-09-01.
  14. ^Pinto, Yosi."SD + PCIe/NVMe card New Innovations in SD Cards Lead the Way to Mobile Everything"(PDF).Flash Memory Summit.
  15. ^Voltage table at All Memory Cards, note that some cards support both voltages (and), and some cards are available in distinct versions (or)
  16. ^"Parked at Loopia".www.allmemorycards.com.
  17. ^abcdCompactFlash Specification Rev. 6.0Archived 2010-11-21 at theWayback Machine
  18. ^ACP-EP SpecificationsArchived 2006-06-22 at theWayback Machine
  19. ^abACP-EP RS-MMC card features listArchived 2006-06-19 at theWayback Machine
  20. ^abACP-EP MMCmobile card features listArchived 2006-06-19 at theWayback Machine
  21. ^Transcend MMCplus 4 GiB
  22. ^abMMC transferred at up to 52 MiB/sArchived 2007-02-08 at theWayback Machine
  23. ^Transcend MMCmicro card (TS128MMCM) datasheet
  24. ^Maximum transfer speed is not defined by SD standards. Bus speeds are quoted.
  25. ^"Bus Speed – SD Association". Archived fromthe original on 2014-02-09. Retrieved2014-02-09.
  26. ^"Toshiba : Press Releases 22 August, 2007".www.toshiba.co.jp.
  27. ^New 4 GiB miniSDHC cardArchived 2007-12-15 at theWayback Machine
  28. ^PNY Technologies."PNY 512GB Elite Performance Class 10 U3 SDXC Flash Memory Card : Electronics".Amazon. Retrieved2022-08-07.
  29. ^"Capacity (SD/SDHC/SDXC) – SD Association".www.sdcard.org. 11 December 2020.
  30. ^"Amazon.com: SanDisk 1TB Extreme MicroSDXC UHS-I Memory Card with Adapter – A2, U3, V30, 4K UHD, Micro SD – SDSQXA1-1T00-GN6MA".www.amazon.com.
  31. ^Burns, Matt."Sony bumps the Memory Stick PRO Duo capacity up to 32GB". Archived fromthe original on 2009-10-25. Retrieved2009-10-30.
  32. ^http://www.sonystyle.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?catalogId=10551&storeId=10151&langId=-1&productId=8198552921666322869&tab=featuresTab[dead link]
  33. ^abSony Introduces Faster MS Pro HG Duo CardArchived 2013-01-21 atarchive.today
  34. ^ab"Sony Global - News Release - SANDISK AND SONY DEVELOP "MEMORY STICK PRO-HG" FORMAT".www.sony.net.
  35. ^SanDisk®."SANDISK MOBILE ULTRA MICROSDHC AND MEMORY STICK MICRO (M2) PREMIUM MOBILE MEMORY CARDS INCREASE CAPACITY TO 16 GIGABYTES".www.sandisk.com.
  36. ^"Press".Kingston Technology Company.
  37. ^"Write protection switch at All Memory Cards". Archived fromthe original on 2016-04-20.
  38. ^Some early SD cards may not have a write protection switch.
  39. ^The write protect switch signals to the host, which is responsible for write protection. The write protect switch is not connected to the internal circuitry of the card. (SD Card Simplified Physical Layer SpecificationArchived 2010-07-07 at theWayback Machine)
  40. ^"Fujifilm accessories xD-Picture Card". Archived fromthe original on July 11, 2007.
  41. ^ab"DataFab Systems Inc. – The Leader of Innovative Technology in Portable Storage Systems".www.datafab.com.
  42. ^abcdefgDataFab EXP 12 in 2Archived 2007-11-13 at theWayback Machine
  43. ^abDataFab exp 12 in 1Archived 2007-12-14 at theWayback Machine
  44. ^DataFab exp M2+microSDArchived 2007-12-14 at theWayback Machine
  45. ^abcd"Loading..."www.transcendusa.com.
  46. ^ab"Loading..."www.transcendusa.com.
  47. ^abcdefgh"Loading..."www.transcendusa.com.
  48. ^abcd"Minolta SD-CF1 SD-to-CompactFlash adapter". Archived fromthe original on 2006-06-16. Retrieved2007-01-04.
  49. ^abcd"Transcend MemoryStick-to-CompactFlash adapter". Archived fromthe original on 2007-02-24. Retrieved2007-01-04.
  50. ^"Shortage everywhere! Sony MSAC-MCF1N Memory Stick Duo Adaptor for CompactFlash Slot".www.camerahacker.com.
  51. ^abcdefOlympus MACF-10 xD-to-CompactFlash adapterArchived 2006-12-10 at theWayback Machine
  52. ^abc"Hama xD-to-SM adapter". Archived fromthe original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved2007-01-04.
  53. ^In March 2008, Olympus started shipping theMASD-1 microSD-to-xD adapter along with its latest compact digital cameras, with a shape designed to fit only inthose latest camerasArchived 2011-06-25 at theWayback Machine. The physical adapter is in fact purelyelectromechanical, although the xD and SD protocols arecompletely incompatible. This demonstrates that the cameras themselves must understand the SD protocol, and thus the adapter is more properly termed an electronic adapter, with the electronic logic contained in the camera rather than the physical accessory.
  54. ^SD cards are usually thicker than MMC ones, and although it uses perfectly compatible pins, not every MMC slot may allow thick SD card to be inserted
  55. ^abc"PSP Expand Memory Converter" – via Amazon.
  56. ^KingMax microSD to MS PRO Duo Adapter[permanent dead link]
  57. ^abcSDHC devices are backward-compatible with normal SD cards ("About Compatibility with Host Devices – SD Association". Archived fromthe original on 2011-11-21. Retrieved2012-01-03.)
  58. ^abcdSDXC devices are backward-compatible with SD and SDHC cards. ("About Compatibility with Host Devices – SD Association". Archived fromthe original on 2011-11-21. Retrieved2012-01-03.)
  59. ^ab"PC Engines flash storage solutions".www.pcengines.ch.
  60. ^Star Empery PT110 SD Card To ATA IDE 3.5 inch Hard Drive Adapter
  61. ^"The do-it-yourself SSD adapter". 19 February 2007.
  62. ^ab"Tom's Hardware Articles – Find and Filter Our Latest Articles".Tom's Hardware.
  63. ^abcdefghiThere are many USB-connected "n-in-1" memory card readers, for exampleBelkin's "Hi-Speed USB 2.0 15-in-1 Media Reader & Writer".
  64. ^abMS Duo and M2 adapters have appeared in the last 12 months which look like USB memory sticks
  65. ^"SanDisk @ CES – SD card with built-in USB adapter". 6 January 2005.
  66. ^A-Data microSD to USB AdapterArchived 2007-09-15 at theWayback Machine
  67. ^DCRP Special Report: FlashPath AdapterArchived 2007-10-26 at theWayback Machine by Tom Beardmore
  68. ^R4 microSD to NDS Slot-1 AdapterArchived 2007-10-31 at theWayback Machine
  69. ^abcSupercard to NDS Slot-2 AdapterArchived 2008-03-25 at theWayback Machine

External links

[edit]
Main articles
Top: CF, SD, Memory Stick Pro Duo, xD card; Bottom: MicroSD, Memory Stick Micro (M2)
Types
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comparison_of_memory_cards&oldid=1320376336"
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