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Comparison of DOS operating systems

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article details versions ofMS-DOS,IBM PC DOS, and at least partiallycompatible disk operating systems. It does not include the many otheroperating systems called "DOS" which are unrelated toIBM PC compatibles.

Historical and licensing information

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Originally MS-DOS was designed to be an operating system that could run onany computer with a8086-familymicroprocessor. It competed with otheroperating systems written for such computers, such asCP/M-86 andUCSD Pascal. Each computer would have its own distinct hardware and its own version of MS-DOS, a situation similar to the one that existed forCP/M, with MS-DOS emulating thesame solution as CP/M to adapt for different hardware platforms. So there were many differentoriginal equipment manufacturer (OEM) versions ofMS-DOS for different hardware. But the greater speed attainable by direct control of hardware was of particular importance, especially when running computer games. So very soon an IBM-compatible architecture became the goal, and before long all 8086-family computersclosely emulated IBM hardware, and only a single version of MS-DOS for a fixed hardware platform was all that was needed for the market. This specific version of MS-DOS is the version that is discussed here, as all other versions of MS-DOS died out with their respective systems. One version of such ageneric MS-DOS (Z-DOS) is mentioned here, but there were dozens more. All these were for personal computers that used an 8086-family microprocessor, but which were not fullyIBM PC compatible.

NameFirst public release dateCreatorOwner or maintainer as of 2021[update]License
86-DOS 0.421981-02-25Seattle Computer ProductsSupport endedProprietary
86-DOS 1.001981-04-28
PC DOS 1.01981-08-12Microsoft (forIBM)
PC DOS 1.11982-05-??
PC DOS 2.01983-03-??
PC DOS 2.11983-10-??
PC DOS 3.01984-08-??
PC DOS 3.11985
PC DOS 3.21986
PC DOS 3.31987
IBM DOS 4.0
(called PC DOS 4.0)		1988
IBM DOS 5.0
(called PC DOS 5.0)		1991
PC DOS 6.1,PC DOS 6.31993IBM
PC DOS 7.0 (revision 0)1995
PC DOS 2000
(PC DOS 7.0 revision 1)		1998
PC DOS 7.102003Support ended by IBM
MS-DOS 1.25[1] (first version named "MS-DOS")1982MicrosoftSupport endedOpen source,MIT License[2]
Z-DOS 1.251982-05-??OEMZenith Data SystemsProprietary
MS-DOS 2.01983-03-??MicrosoftOpen source,MIT License[2]
MS-DOS 2.111983-12-??Proprietary
MS-DOS 3.01984
MS-DOS 3.1
MS-DOS 3.21986
MS-DOS 3.31987
MS-DOS 4.01988Open source,MIT License[2]
MS-DOS 5.01991Proprietary
MS-DOS 6.01993
MS-DOS 6.20
MS-DOS 6.21March 1994[3]
MS-DOS 6.22April 1994[3]
MS-DOS 7.0 (Windows 95A)1995
MS-DOS 7.10 (Windows95 OSRs 2 and 2.5, 98,98 SE)1996
MS-DOS 8.0 (Windows Me and later)[4]2000Support ended by Microsoft[5]
DOS Plus 1.1,1.2/1.2a1985Digital ResearchSupport ended
DOS Plus 2.11986
DR DOS 3.31-3.351988
DR DOS 3.40-3.411989
DR DOS 5.01990
DR DOS 6.01991
Novell DOS 71993Novell
Caldera OpenDOS 7.011997Caldera, Inc.;
Caldera UK, Ltd.		Support ended officially;
a derivative,Enhanced DR-DOS, was
maintained by Udo Kuhnt until 2011		Partial, free non-commercial use
Caldera DR-OpenDOS 7.02Support ended
Caldera DR-DOS 7.021998Proprietary
Caldera DR-DOS 7.031999, 1998 prereleasedCaldera Thin Clients, Inc.;
Caldera UK, Ltd;
Lineo, Inc.		DRDOS, Inc.
DR-DOS 8.02004DeviceLogicsSupport ended
DR-DOS 8.1[6]2005DRDOS, Inc.
FreeDOS 1.02006-09-03Jim Hall, et al.The FreeDOS ProjectOpen source,GPL
FreeDOS 1.12012-01-02
FreeDOS 1.22016-12-25
FreeDOS 1.32021-12-14
PTS-DOS 6.41993PhysTechSoft[7]PhysTechSoftProprietary
PTS-DOS 6.5?
PTS-DOS 6.6
PTS-DOS 2000 (6.7)
PTS-DOS 32 (7.0)
PTS-DOS 6.51ca. 1995Paragon Technology SystemsParagon Technology Systems
Paragon DOS 2000 Pro?
ROM-DOS 6.22[8]DatalightDatalight
ROM-DOS 7.1[8]
Embedded DOSGeneral SoftwareGeneral Software
DIP DOS 2.111989DIP Research,Atari CorporationSupport ended
RxDOS 6.21999Michael PodanoffskySupport endedOpen source,GPL
RxDOS 7.20-7.242018C. MaslochC. Masloch
SISNE plus?Itautec,Scopus TecnologiaSupport endedProprietary

Technical specifications

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NameHard drive: partition size maxNative support:
File systems		Native support:
floppy capacities 3.5"		Native support:
floppy capacities 5.25"		Native support:
floppy capacities 8.0"		Integrated disk compression utilityNative support:
long file names
86-DOS 0.42-1.00—FAT12;
(CP/M 2 through RDCPM)		—NorthStar 87.5 KB;Cromemco 90 KBCromemco/Tarbell 250.25 KB;Tarbell 616 KB; Tarbell 1232 KB[9]NoNo
MS-DOS 1.25—FAT12—160 KB; 320 KB250.25 KB[10]NoNo
MS-DOS 2.0-2.1116 MB (32 MB with third-party FORMAT)[11]FAT12—160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB250.25 KB;[10][12][13] 500.5 KB;[10][12][13] 616 KB;[12][13] 1232 KB[10][12][13]NoNo
MS-DOS 3.032 MBFAT12,FAT16—160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
MS-DOS 3.132 MBFAT12, FAT16—160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
MS-DOS 3.232 MBFAT12, FAT16720 KB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
MS-DOS 3.332 MBFAT12, FAT16720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
MS-DOS 3.31512 MBFAT12, FAT16,FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
MS-DOS 4.02 GBFAT12, FAT16,FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
MS-DOS 5.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB, 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
MS-DOS 6.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—DoubleSpaceNo
MS-DOS 6.202 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—DoubleSpaceNo
MS-DOS 6.212 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
MS-DOS 6.222 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—DriveSpaceNo
MS-DOS 7.0 (Windows 95A)2 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—DriveSpaceNo
MS-DOS 7.1 (Windows 95B/OSR2, Windows 95C/OSR2.5,Windows 98, andWindows 98SE)124.55 GB with FAT32[14]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B,FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—DriveSpace for Windows 95, none for Windows 98No
MS-DOS 8.0 (Windows Me and later Windows versions)[4]124.55 GB with FAT32[14]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
PC DOS 1.0—FAT12—160 KB—NoNo
PC DOS 1.1—FAT12—160 KB; 320 KB (double-sided)—NoNo
PC DOS 2.0-2.116 MB (32 MB with third-party FORMAT)[11]FAT12—160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB—NoNo
PC DOS 3.032 MBFAT12,FAT16—160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
PC DOS 3.132 MBFAT12, FAT16—160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
PC DOS 3.232 MBFAT12, FAT16720 KB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
PC DOS 3.332 MBFAT12, FAT16720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
IBM DOS 4.02 GBFAT12, FAT16,FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
IBM DOS 5.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB, 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
PC DOS 6.1 (early version)2 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
PC DOS 6.1 with Compression /PC DOS 6.32 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—SuperStorNo
PC DOS 7.0 /PC DOS 20002 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 1.86 MB (XDF), 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB, 1.54 MB (XDF)—StackerNo
PC DOS 7.10?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 1.86 MB (XDF), 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB, 1.54 MB (XDF)—Stacker, not on FAT32No
DOS Plus 1.132 MBFAT12, FAT16,CP/M-86315 KB; 720 KB;CP/M 315 KB; CP/M 720 KB;MSX-DOS 360 KB; MSX-DOS 720 KB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 800 KB; 1.2 MB;CP/M 160 KB; CP/M 320 KB—NoNo
DOS Plus 1.2-2.132 MBFAT12, FAT16,CP/M-86Apricot 315 KB;[15] (720 KB[16])160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB;Acorn 640 KB; Acorn 800 KB;[17]CP/M 320 KB—NoNo
DR DOS 3.31-3.352 GB[citation needed]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
DR DOS 3.40-3.412 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])NoNo
DR DOS 5.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])NoNo
DR DOS 6.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])SuperStorNo
PalmDOS 1.02 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])SuperStorNo
Novell DOS 72 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])StackerNo
OpenDOS 7.012 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])StackerNo
DR-OpenDOS 7.022 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])StackerNo
DR-DOS 7.022 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, (FAT32 in FDISK only)720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])StackerPartial,COMMAND.COM andLONGNAME only
DR-DOS 7.032 GBFAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, (FAT32 in FDISK only)720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])StackerPartial,COMMAND.COM andLONGNAME only
DR-DOS 7.04-7.05?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32 (non-bootable)720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])Stacker, not on FAT32Partial,COMMAND.COM andLONGNAME only
DR-DOS 7.06-7.07?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32 (bootable)720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])Stacker, not on FAT32Partial,COMMAND.COM andLONGNAME only
DR-DOS 8.0?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB160 KB; 180 KB; 320 KB; 360 KB; 1.2 MB(250.25 KB[18])Supported, not on FAT32Partial,COMMAND.COM only
DR-DOS 8.1?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
FreeDOS 1.02 TB[citation needed]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MB—?No
FreeDOS 1.1-1.32 TB[citation needed]FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoYes
PTS-DOS 32?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
PTS-DOS 2000?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
PTS-DOS 2000 PRO?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoNo
Datalight ROM-DOS?FAT12, FAT16, FAT16B, FAT32720 KB; 1.44 MB, 2.88 MB360 KB; 1.2 MB—NoYes
DIP DOS—FAT12———NoNo

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Conner, Doug."Father of DOS Still Having Fun at Microsoft".Micronews. Archived fromthe original on 9 February 2010.
  2. ^abc"Open sourcing MS-DOS 4.0". Microsoft Open Source Blog. 2024-04-25.
  3. ^ab"Microsoft DOS history".ComputerHope.
  4. ^abMS-DOS 8.0 has most of the functionality of prior versions, but with significant losses of usability, e.g., the loss ofFORMAT /S command, that can be substituted by formatting HDD/FDD and then copyingIO.SYS fromCD-ROM boot A: image, as first ever file onto drive; loss ofSYS A: (orSYS B:) command for floppies, that can be substituted too in the same way asFORMAT /S; inability to boot to a command prompt without substitution/modification of IO.SYS (other than CD-ROM boot version) andCOMMAND.COM. For purpose of booting from C: drive, an unmodified IO.SYS from simulated A: boot diskette image, that is placed on Windows Me OEM CD-ROM, from which that CD boots, can be used, and English COMMAND.COM can be modified by replacing in this file at hex offset00006510h byte75h by byteEBh, or substituted by (nowfreeware)4DOShttp://www.jpsoft.com/download.htmArchived 2006-09-01 at theWayback Machine
  5. ^While Windows ME support ended, a version of its underlying DOS is included withWindows XP. When one formats a floppy in Windows XP and selects "Create an MS-DOS startup disk", the floppy is formatted with a DOS version that identifies itself as "Windows Millennium Version 4.90.3000".
  6. ^DR-DOS 8.1 was pulled from the market after it was discovered that 8.1 code had been copied fromFreeDOS in violation of theGPL license.
  7. ^"Phystechsoft". Retrieved2016-09-19.PTS-DOS 32 [..] Memory Manager himem.sys, included in PTS-DOS 32, supports up to 4 GB of RAM.
    PTS-DOS 2000 [..] PTS-DOS is a powerful and fast 16-bit disk operating system, fully compatible with MS-DOS and all its applications.
  8. ^ab"ROM-DOS Single User Version". Retrieved2016-09-19.6.22 and 7.1 kernels
  9. ^http://www.86dos.org/downloads/86DOS_FILES.ZIPArchived 24 July 2011 at theWayback Machine, AZIP file containing most of the files from 86-DOS 0.75 (1981-04-18) to 1.00 (1981-07-21)
  10. ^abcd"Standard Floppy Disk Formats Supported by MS-DOS". 2.0. Microsoft Help and Support. 2003-05-12. Retrieved2012-09-11.
  11. ^abScott Mueller (1995).Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 5th Edition. Que Corporation.ISBN 0-7897-0321-1. p784: "The limit of 16MB did not come from the FAT, but from the high-level DOS FORMAT command... Most vendors supplied modified high-level format programs that permitted partitions of up to 32MB to be formatted properly."
  12. ^abcdZbikowski, Mark;Allen, Paul;Ballmer, Steve; Borman, Reuben; Borman, Rob; Butler, John; Carroll, Chuck; Chamberlain, Mark; Chell, David; Colee, Mike; Courtney, Mike; Dryfoos, Mike; Duncan, Rachel; Eckhardt, Kurt; Evans, Eric; Farmer, Rick;Gates, Bill; Geary, Michael; Griffin, Bob; Hogarth, Doug; Johnson, James W.; Kermaani, Kaamel; King, Adrian; Koch, Reed; Landowski, James; Larson, Chris; Lennon, Thomas; Lipkie, Dan;McDonald, Marc; McKinney, Bruce; Martin, Pascal; Mathers, Estelle; Matthews, Bob; Melin, David; Mergentime, Charles; Nevin, Randy; Newell, Dan; Newell, Tani; Norris, David; O'Leary, Mike;O'Rear, Bob; Olsson, Mike; Osterman, Larry; Ostling, Ridge; Pai, Sunil;Paterson, Tim; Perez, Gary; Peters, Chris;Petzold, Charles; Pollock, John;Reynolds, Aaron; Rubin, Darryl; Ryan, Ralph; Schulmeisters, Karl; Shah, Rajen; Shaw, Barry; Short, Anthony; Slivka, Ben; Smirl, Jon; Stillmaker, Betty; Stoddard, John; Tillman, Dennis; Whitten, Greg; Yount, Natalie; Zeck, Steve (1988). "Technical advisors".The MS-DOS Encyclopedia: versions 1.0 through 3.2. By Duncan, Ray; Bostwick, Steve; Burgoyne, Keith; Byers, Robert A.; Hogan, Thom; Kyle, Jim;Letwin, Gordon;Petzold, Charles; Rabinowitz, Chip; Tomlin, Jim; Wilton, Richard; Wolverton, Van; Wong, William; Woodcock, JoAnne (Completely reworked ed.). Redmond, Washington, USA:Microsoft Press.ISBN 1-55615-049-0.LCCN 87-21452.OCLC 16581341. (xix+1570 pages; 26 cm) (NB. This edition was published in 1988 after extensive rework of the withdrawn 1986 first edition by a different team of authors.[1])
  13. ^abcdXerox (1983-11).Xerox 16/8 Professional Computer - MS-DOS OS Handbook for 8" Floppy Disks. 1983-11, MS-DOS 2.0 ([2])
  14. ^abAs stated athttp://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=KB;EN-US;Q184006& Microsoft's KB article 184006, the limit of 124.55 GB for FAT32 partition size is a mainly a limit of Windows 95/98's 16-bit SCANDISK utility. Other DOS versions supporting FAT32 may allow a larger partition size closer to the theoretical 2 TB/16 TB maximum suggested by FAT32's specifications. Windows 2000 and XP can mount and use a FAT32 partition larger than 32 GB, but they cannot natively create one, which according to Microsoft is by design.
  15. ^DOS Plus 2.1e/g versions for the Apricot ACT series and for theJasmin Turbo from the French companyT.R.A.N. S.A. support a non-standard single-sided 315 KB FAT12 format.
  16. ^DOS Plus DISK.CMD versions for theAmstrad PC1512, theT.R.A.N.Jasmin Turbo and theBBC Master 512 support variants of 720 KB FAT12 formats including the original MS-DOS, and PC DOS format, however known versions of DOS Plus itself don't make use of them.
  17. ^DOS Plus for theBBC Master 512 supports two non-standard FAT12 formats with 640 KB and 800 KB.
  18. ^abcdefghijklTheDR DOS 3.41-8.0 BIOS (DRBIOS.SYS akaIBMBIO.COM) has a profile for an undocumented 250.25 KB (aka "243 KB") logical format with a non-standardmedia descriptor ofE5h. DR DOS 3.31 does not support this format. The format is similar, but not identical to the two 250.25 KB formats withFAT IDsFDh andFEh supported byMS-DOS 1.25/2.x.

External links

[edit]
MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS,
compatible systems
Otherx86
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