Acommunist era is a sustained period of national government by asingle party following the philosophy ofMarxism–Leninism. Many countries have experienced such a period ofcommunist rule.
TheChinese Communist Party emerged as the dominant political entity inmainland China following theChinese Civil War of 1927–1949. On October 1, 1949,Mao Zedong declared the People's Republic of China from atopTiananmen.
Following the 1953–1959Cuban Revolution, the new government led byFidel Castro transitioned the country into a one-party state, with all meaningful opposition media closed to transferred to state control by the end of 1960. In 1976 a national referendum ratified a newconstitution, with 97.7% in favour, which secured the Communist Party's central role in governingCuba.
Communist rule inLaos began in March 1975 after theKhmer Rouge army took power with the support of theNorth Vietnamese after theFall of Saigon and the end of theVietnam War. In December 1975 KingSisavang Vatthana was forced to abdicate and the Lao People's Democratic Republic was pronounced, and a very authoritarian system introduced – non-communist newspapers were closed, and a large-scale purge of the civil service, army and police was launched.
TheCommunist Party of Vietnam was created in 1930 but didn't come in to power until theJapanese occupation of Vietnam from 1940 to 1945. TheDemocratic Party of Vietnam was formed and, due to failed negotiations between anti-communist French, led to theFirst Indochina War. After the war, theGeneva Accord (1954) split the country in to a communist North (known asDemocratic Republic of Vietnam) and an anti-communist South (Known asThe State of Vietnam). This would lead to theVietnam War and the withdrawal of anti-communist soldiers from the area.
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TheDemocratic Republic of Afghanistan was founded on April 30, 1978, following theSaur Revolution, a military coup led by thePeople's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA), overthrew the government of President Mohammed Daoud Khan, who had established a republic in 1973 after ending themonarchy. ThePeople's Democratic Party of Afghanistan was supported by theSoviet Union through a series of internal power struggles, eventually collapsing in 1992 after theSoviet Union's dissolution.
