| Comic Market コミックマーケット | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Status | Active |
| Genre | Doujinshi convention |
| Frequency | Semiannual |
| Venue | Tokyo Big Sight inAriake, Tokyo |
| Inaugurated | 21 December 1975; 49 years ago (1975-12-21) |
| Most recent | 16–17 August 2025 |
| Next event | 30–31 December 2025 |
| Attendance | 110,000 in December 2021[a] |
| Activity | Marketplace, industry floor, cosplay |
| Organised by | Comic Market Preparatory Committee (ComiketPC) |
| Website | comiket.co.jp/index_e.html (English) comiket.co.jp/ (Japanese) |
Comic Market (コミックマーケット,Komikku Māketto), more commonly known asComiket (コミケット,Komiketto) orComike (コミケ,Komike), is a semiannualdoujinshi convention inTokyo, Japan. A grassroots market focused on the sale ofdoujin (self-published) works, Comiket is anot-for-profitfan convention administered by the volunteer-run Comic Market Preparatory Committee (ComiketPC). Inaugurated on 21 December 1975 with an estimated 700 attendees, Comiket has since grown to become the largest fan convention in the world, with an estimated turnstile attendance of 750,000 in 2019. Comiket is typically held atTokyo Big Sight in August and December, with the two events distinguished asSummer Comic Market (夏コミ,Natsukomi) andWinter Comic Market (冬コミ,Fuyukomi), respectively.
Comiket is focused primarily on the sale ofdoujin: non-commercial,self-published works.[3] Approximately 35,000circles (a term for groups or individuals who createdoujin) participate in each edition of Comiket.[4] Different circles exhibit on each day of Comiket; circles producing works on a common subject, such as a particular media franchise ormanga genre, are typically grouped on the same day.[5] The most common item sold at Comiket isdoujinshi (self-publishedcomics,novels ormagazines), while a smaller number of circles selldoujin soft, analog (board/card/etc.) games, music, clothing, and other goods. These are oftenderivativefan works based onanime,video games, and other media, legal according to Japanese law (shinkokuzai).[5] Since Comiket's inauguration, sample copies of all works sold at Comiket are collected and archived by ComiketPC, with over 2.1 million works having been archived.[3]
| The number ofdoujin circles producing derivative works for given media properties, from Comiket 84 (August 2013) to Comiket 97 (December 2019).[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] |
Comiket is a major outlet forcosplay enthusiasts. Since Comiket 80 in 2011, restrictions on cosplaying have been gradually relaxed, with a shift from regulating objects (e.g. a ban on items that could be used as weapons) to regulating behavior (e.g. a ban on swinging around long objects).[3] Some general contemporary guidelines include not wearing clothes that are too revealing, not imitating uniformed officers, and being out of cosplay when arriving/departing from Comiket.[15]
Comiket hosts 190 corporate booths each year. This includes both large commercial companies, such asvideo game studios andmanga publishers, as well as celebritymeet and greet sessions.[3]
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Comiket is held twice yearly, in August and December. These events are distinguished as "Summer Comic Market" (Natsukomi) and "Winter Comic Market" (Fuyukomi).[16] Since 1995, both events have run for three days each, with Summer Comiket generally occurring Friday to Sunday in mid-August, and Winter Comiket generally occurring the three days prior toNew Year's Day. Starting with Comiket 96, the events have been four days long,[17] with the exception of Comiket 103 and 104, which, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, were reduced to two days each. Both events run daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m, with corporate booths open until 5:00 p.m and the entire convention closing an hour early on the final day of the event.[18] Comiket has been held atTokyo Big Sight inAriake, Tokyo since 1996.[19] Comiket 98, which was planned for August 2020, was the event's first cancellation in its history as a result of theCOVID-19 pandemic;[20] Comiket 99, which would have been held in December 2020 was instead held in December 2021, two years after the last time it was held, and ran for only two days.[1]
Comiket is the largestfan convention in the world,[21] growing from fewer than 10,000 attendees in 1982[22] to over half a million by 2004. Since 2007, attendee numbers have fluctuated in the region of 500,000 for Winter Comiket and 560,000 for Summer Comiket.[23][b] Because of the extremely high volume of attendance at Comiket, mobile phone companies set up temporary antennas, while theTokyo Metro makes special arrangements to accommodate the large crowds. Hour-long queues to enter Comiket during peak hours are common, while some attendees queue up to five hours before the event to ensure early admission.[18] Popular circles are frequently placed near the venue'sloading docks so that their queues can extend outside.[3] ComiketPC recommends that first-time attendees arrive in the afternoon to avoid queues.[24]
For every Comiket, acatalog is released that contains information about the event. The catalog includes a list of all participating circles, maps of the convention layout, directions to and from the convention, rules for the convention, results from surveys held among Comiket participants, articles about topics relevant todōjinshi creators, and one to two pictures ("circle cuts") for every participating circle. It is available in print andDVD-ROM format, and since Comiket 83, is available online behind a partialpaywall.[25]
Catalogs are made available for sale at stores two weeks before the event.[26] The print version is roughly the size of an averagephone book, while the DVD-ROM version includes features such as advanced search functions and a clickable map. To date, there is no English edition of the catalog available, though the catalog does contain a four-page basic guide for attending Comiket in English, Chinese, and Korean.[27]
Prior to Comiket 96, a purchased catalog was not required for admission to Comiket (see2020 Summer Olympics changes below).
The overwhelming majority of Comiket circle participants areamateur and hobbyist artists: 70% of participating circles lose money, while only 15% turn a profit.[3] The majority of circle participants at Comiket are female, with women composing 57% of participating circles at Comiket 84.[3] General attendees at Comiket tend to skew male, with men comprising 64% of attendees at Comiket 78.[28]
Of the Comiket circle participants, a 2011 poll showed that nearly half participated because attending the event and showing off their work is enjoyable, and a significant percentage came to spread their works to the public.[29] A smaller percentage of dōjinshi creators' goal is to promote an idea or opinion through attending Comiket.[29]
The majority of those participating in circles in 2010 said that they are a part of a one-person circle (59%), while two-person (20%) and three-person (8%) circles were also common.[30]
Since 1993, ComiketPC has donated over ¥60 million tosustainable forest management to offset paper used in the production of dōjinshi.[3] Since 2007, ComiketPC has worked with theJapanese Red Cross Society to organizebloodmobiles at Comiket events, with donors given Comiket-exclusive posters depicting characters from anime and video games. The Red Cross receives an estimated 1,500 blood donations at each Comiket.[31][32]
Comiket was inaugurated in 1975 byMeikyu [ja] (Labyrinth), adōjin circle founded byYoshihiro Yonezawa,Teruo Harada [ja], andJun Aniwa [ja] while studying atMeiji University.[33] The first Comiket was organized amid a period of immense change and upheaval for manga as a medium, characterized by the closure of the experimental manga magazineCOM and the ascendance of theYear 24 Group.[34][35][36] A 1975 incident in which adōjin creator applying forNihon Manga Taikai [ja] was refused admission after criticizing the convention's focus on professional guests overdōjin creators in her application became a catalyst for the founding of Comiket as afan convention.[37][33]
As Comiket grew, a lottery system to allocate exhibition space was implemented in 1979, as the number of applications from circles began to surpass available space.[3] In 1981 the event moved toHarumi Fairgrounds [ja] and began publishing an event catalog in 1982. Comiket would change locations frequently throughout the late 1980s and 1990s, as theJapanese bubble economy led to an upsurge intrade shows that made it difficult to secure a consistent venue. The murders byTsutomu Miyazaki and subsequentmoral panic againstotaku would lead to further difficulties in Comiket's ability to secure a venue.[3]Tokyo Big Sight hosted Comiket for the first time in 1996, and remains the convention's primary venue. In 1998 (C54), an arsonist placed incendiary devices in the venue the day before the event, which were noticed and neutralized with no major damage; the event was held as normal, though with heightened security. The arsonist was caught at the following event.[38]
In 2012, anonymous threats made against circles creating works related toKuroko's Basketball led Comiket to prohibit the sale of allKuroko's Basketball-related items at Comiket 85 (seeKuroko's Basketball § Controversies).[39] Organizers refunded the registration fees for the roughly 900 circles producingKuroko's Basketball items, resulting in a loss for Comiket of roughly ¥10 million.[40] In 2015, ComiketPC organized a special event specifically focused on doujinshi related to the series.[41] Affectionately nicknamed "Kuroket", the event hosted approximately 2,400 circles producingKuroko's Basketball items.[42]
In August 2018, ComiketPC announced modified schedules for Comikets 96, 97, and 98 due to the2020 Summer Olympics. As the east wing of Big Sight closed in 2019 for renovations in advance of the Olympics, the corporate booths of C96 and C97 were moved toAomi Exhibition Hall, and both events expanded to four days of programming.[43] Admission to both events required the purchase of a wristband – the first time in Comiket's history it was not free to attend – in order to offset the cost of running the event across four days, and to depress attendance in light of the smaller venue space.[44] Wristbands for all four days were included with the purchase of a print event catalog, while individual wristbands for each day were available to purchase at Big Sight the day of the event.[45] C98 in 2020 was slated to be moved toGolden Week in May in order to not conflict with the Olympics in August.[46] On 27 March 2020, ComiketPC announced that C98 had been cancelled due to theCOVID-19 pandemic, making it the first time a Comiket event has been cancelled.[20] On 12 July 2020, it was announced that Comiket 99 would be postponed to 2021, taking place during Golden Week as C98 would have in order to not conflict with the Summer Olympics, which were also postponed. A virtual event titled "Air Comiket" was held in December to replace its originally planned dates.[47] Comic Market 99 was ultimately delayed to December 2021, and ran for only two days with entry limited to 55,000 people per day by requiring ticket purchases.[1]
| No. | Year | Date | Dōjin circles[48] | Attendance[48][c] | Venues[48] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1975 | 21 December | 32 | 700 | Nissho Hall [ja] |
| 2 | 1976 | 4 April | 39 | 550 | Itabashi Industrial Union Building (板橋産業連合会館) |
| 3 | 25 July | 56 | 500 | ||
| 4 | 19 December | 80 | 700 | ||
| 5 | 1977 | 10 April | 94 | 1,300 | Ōta City Industrial Building (大田区産業会館) |
| 6 | 30–31 July[d] | 100 | 2,000 | ||
| 7 | 18 December | 131 | 2,500 | ||
| 8 | 1978 | 2 April | 144 | 2,000 | |
| CS1[e] | 6 May | Unknown | 250 | Yotsuya Public Hall (四谷公会堂) | |
| 9 | 29–30 July | 200 | 3,000 | ||
| —[f] | 15 November | Unknown | Unknown | Hitotsubashi University Kunitachi Campus | |
| 10 | 17 December | 200 | 3,000 | Ōta City Industrial Building | |
| 11 | 1979 | 8 April | 218 | 3,000 | |
| 12 | 28–29 July | 330 | 4,000 | Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Trade Center [ja] | |
| 13 | 23 December | 290 | 4,000 | Ōta City Industrial Building | |
| 14 | 1980 | 11 May | 380 | 6,000 | Kawasaki Shimin Plaza (川崎市民プラザ) |
| 15 | 14 September | 340 | 7,000 | ||
| 16 | 14 December | 340 | 7,000 | ||
| 17 | 1981 | 5 April | 400 | 8,000 | |
| 18 | 15–16 August | 512 | 10,000 | Yokohama Sanbo Hall [ja] | |
| 19 | 20 December | 600 | 9,000 | Harumi Fairgrounds [ja] | |
| 20 | 1982 | 21 March | 780 | 9,000 | |
| 21 | 8 August | 970 | 10,000 | ||
| 22 | 26 December | 1,060 | 8,000 | ||
| 23[g] | 1983 | 3 April | 1,200 | 13,000 | |
| 24 | 7 August | 1,500 | 18,000 | ||
| 25 | 25 December | 1,550 | 25,000 | ||
| 26 | 1984 | 19 August | 2,400 | 30,000 | |
| 27 | 23 December | 2,300 | 25,000 | ||
| 28 | 1985 | 11 August | 3,450 | 30,000 | |
| 29 | 29 December | 4,000 | 30,000 | ||
| 30 | 1986 | 10 August | 3,900 | 35,000 | |
| 31 | 27–28 December | 4,400 | 40,000 | Tokyo Ryutsu Center [ja] | |
| 32 | 1987 | 8–9 August | 4,400 | 60,000 | |
| 33 | 26–27 December | 4,400 | 55,000 | ||
| 34 | 1988 | 13–14 August | 9,200 | 70,000 | Harumi Fairgrounds [ja] |
| 35 | 1989 | 25–26 March | 8,900 | 70,000 | |
| 36 | 13–14 August | 10,000 | 100,000 | ||
| 37 | 23–24 December | 11,000 | 120,000 | Makuhari Messe | |
| 38 | 1990 | 18–19 August | 13,000 | 230,000 | |
| 39 | 23–24 December | 13,000 | 250,000 | ||
| 40 | 1991 | 16–17 August | 11,000 | 200,000 | Harumi Fairgrounds [ja] |
| 41 | 29–30 December | 14,000 | 200,000 | ||
| 42 | 1992 | 15–16 August | 12,000 | 250,000 | |
| 43 | 29–30 December | 15,000 | 180,000 | ||
| 44 | 1993 | 15–16 August | 15,000 | 250,000 | |
| 45 | 29–30 December | 16,000 | 200,000 | ||
| 46 | 1994 | 7–8 August | 16,000 | 240,000 | |
| 47 | 29–30 December | 16,000 | 200,000 | ||
| 48 | 1995 | 18–20 August[h] | 22,000 | 250,000 | |
| 49 | 29–30 December | 16,000 | 220,000 | ||
| CS2[i] | 1996 | 17 March | 1,300 | 8,000 | |
| 50 | 3–4 August | 18,000 | 350,000 | Tokyo Big Sight | |
| 51 | 28–29 December | 22,000 | 220,000 | ||
| 52 | 1997 | 15–17 August | 33,000 | 400,000 | |
| 53 | 28–29 December | 22,000 | 300,000 | ||
| 54 | 1998 | 14–16 August | 33,000 | 380,000 | |
| 55 | 29–30 December | 23,000 | 300,000 | ||
| 56 | 1999 | 13–15 August | 35,000 | 400,000 | |
| 57 | 24–26 December | 25,000 | 320,000 | ||
| CS3[j] | 2000 | 13–15 August | 200 | 1,500 | Okinawa Convention Center |
| 58 | 11–13 August | 35,000 | 430,000 | Tokyo Big Sight | |
| 59 | 29–30 December | 23,000 | 300,000 | ||
| 60[49] | 2001 | 10–12 August | 35,000 | 480,000 | |
| 61[50] | 29–31 December | 23,000 | 360,000 | ||
| 62[51] | 2002 | 9–11 August | 35,000 | 480,000 | |
| 63[52] | 28–30 December | 35,000 | 450,000 | ||
| 64[53] | 2003 | 15–17 August | 35,000 | 460,000 | |
| 65[54] | 28–30 December | 35,000 | 420,000 | ||
| 66[55] | 2004 | 15–17 August | 35,000 | 510,000 | |
| 67[56] | 28–30 December | 23,000 | 370,000 | ||
| CS4[57][k] | 2005 | 21 March | 3,400 | 50,000 | |
| 68[58] | 12–14 August | 35,000 | 480,000 | ||
| 69[59] | 29–30 December | 23,000 | 350,000 | ||
| 70[60] | 2006 | 11–13 August | 35,000 | 430,000 | |
| 71[61] | 29–31 December[l] | 35,000 | 440,000 | ||
| 72[62] | 2007 | 17–19 August | 35,000 | 550,000 | |
| 73[63] | 29–31 December | 35,000 | 500,000 | ||
| 74[64] | 2008 | 15–17 August | 35,000 | 550,000 | |
| 75[65] | 28–30 December | 35,000 | 510,000 | ||
| 76[66] | 2009 | 14–16 August | 35,000 | 560,000 | |
| 77[67] | 29–31 December | 35,000 | 510,000 | ||
| CS5[68][m] | 2010 | 14–16 August | 1,500 | 33,000 | Isejin Izumi-cho Kita Building (伊勢甚泉町北ビル) |
| 78[69] | 13–15 August | 35,000 | 560,000 | Tokyo Big Sight | |
| 79[70] | 29–31 December | 35,000 | 520,000 | ||
| 80[71] | 2011 | 12–14 August | 35,000 | 540,000 | |
| 81[72] | 29–31 December | 35,000 | 500,000 | ||
| 82[73] | 2012 | 10–12 August | 35,000 | 560,000 | |
| 83[74] | 29–31 December | 35,000 | 550,000 | ||
| 84[75] | 2013 | 10–12 August | 35,000 | 590,000 | |
| 85[76] | 29–31 December | 35,000 | 520,000 | ||
| 86[77] | 2014 | 15–17 August | 35,000 | 550,000 | |
| 87[78] | 28–30 December | 35,000 | 560,000 | ||
| CS6[79][n] | 2015 | 28–29 March | 5,200 | 50,000 | Makuhari Messe |
| 88[80] | 14–16 August | 35,000 | 550,000 | Tokyo Big Sight | |
| 89[81] | 29–31 December | 35,000 | 520,000 | ||
| 90[82] | 2016 | 12–14 August | 34,000 | 530,000 | |
| 91[83] | 29–31 December | 36,000 | 550,000 | ||
| 92[84] | 2017 | 11–13 August | 32,000 | 500,000 | |
| 93[85] | 29–31 December | 32,000 | 550,000 | ||
| 94[86] | 2018 | 10–12 August | 35,000 | 530,000 | |
| 95[87] | 29–31 December | 35,000 | 570,000 | ||
| 96[88] | 2019 | 9–12 August[o] | 32,000 | 730,000 | Tokyo Big Sight &Aomi Exhibition Hall |
| 97[2] | 28–31 December | 32,000 | 750,000 | ||
| 98[20] | 2020 | Cancelled[p] | — | — | — |
| 99[90] | 2021 | 30–31 December[q] | 20,000 | 110,000[b] | Tokyo Big Sight |
| 100[92] | 2022 | 13–14 August | 20,000 | 170,000 | |
| 101[93] | 30–31 December | 20,000 | 180,000 | ||
| 102[94] | 2023 | 12–13 August | 21,000 | 260,000 | |
| 103[95] | 30–31 December | 25,900 | 270,000 | ||
| 104[96] | 2024 | 11–12 August | 24,000 | 260,000 | |
| 105[97] | 29–30 December | 29,000 | 300,000 | ||
| 106[98] | 2025 | 16–17 August | 23,000 | 250,000 | |
| 107[99] | 30–31 December |
Media related toComic Market at Wikimedia Commons35°37′51″N139°47′48″E / 35.63083°N 139.79667°E /35.63083; 139.79667
