| Collateral | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Michael Mann |
| Written by | Stuart Beattie |
| Produced by |
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| Starring | |
| Cinematography | |
| Edited by | |
| Music by | James Newton Howard |
Production companies | |
| Distributed by |
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Release date |
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Running time | 115 minutes[1] |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $65 million |
| Box office | $220.2 million[2] |
Collateral is a 2004 Americanaction thriller film directed and produced byMichael Mann, written byStuart Beattie, and starringTom Cruise andJamie Foxx. The supporting cast includesJada Pinkett Smith,Mark Ruffalo,Peter Berg,Javier Bardem, andBruce McGill. The film follows Max Durocher (Foxx), a Los Angeles cab driver, and his customer, Vincent (Cruise). When offered a high fare for driving to several locations, Max agrees but soon finds himself taken hostage by Vincent who turns out to be a sociopathichitman on a contract killing spree.
Beattie conceived the film's concept while taking a taxi home fromSydney Airport. He shared the idea with producer Julie Richardson, who showed it to directorFrank Darabont. The film was pitched toHBO but was declined. It was purchased byDreamWorks but would not see development for three years. Before the trio of Mann, Cruise and Foxx joined the film,Mimi Leder,Janusz Kamiński andFernando Meirelles were each considered as director, andRussell Crowe andAdam Sandler were in talks to star as Vincent and Max, respectively. Filming primarily took place throughout Los Angeles, and was the first feature film to be shot with aViper FilmStream High-Definition Camera. The musical score was composed byJames Newton Howard, with additional songs fromAudioslave andPaul Oakenfold.
Collateral was released in the United States on August 6, 2004, and grossed over $220 million worldwide. The film received critical acclaim in particular for the performances of Cruise and Foxx, Mann's direction, and the editing.Collateral was chosen by theNational Board of Review as one of thetop ten films of 2004. At the77th Academy Awards, Foxx received a nomination forBest Supporting Actor, while film editorsJim Miller andPaul Rubell were nominated forBest Film Editing.
Max Durocher is a Los Angeles cab driver trying to save his earnings and start his own limousine business. One of the evening's fares isfederal prosecutor Annie Farrell, who works for theU.S. Attorney for theCentral District of California. They strike up a conversation and Annie gives Max her business card. Max's next fare is Vincent, who tells Max that he is in Los Angeles for one night to complete a real estate deal and engages Max for the night to drive him to a series of meetings. As Max waits at the first stop, a corpse falls onto his car. Vincent reveals himself to be ahitman. He forces Max to hide the body in the trunk and continue driving.LAPD Detective Ray Fanning arrives where Vincent made the kill, revealing the victim to be apolice informant.
At the second stop, Vincent restrains Max's hands to the steering wheel. While Vincent is away, Max tries to use the horn to signal for help. Four men come around to the car to rob him and seize Vincent's briefcase. Vincent returns, shoots two of them dead and retrieves the briefcase.
Vincent orders Max to ajazz club to find his third target, Daniel, who is set to testify against Vincent's client. Max pleads with Vincent to let Daniel go and Vincent claims he will if Daniel can answer one question aboutMiles Davis. Despite Daniel giving a seemingly correct answer, Vincent is dissatisfied with it and shoots Daniel in the head.
Learning of Max's nightly visits to the hospital to see his mother, Vincent insists that Max proceed with the visit. At the hospital, Ida proudly tells Vincent that Max has his own limousine company, revealing Max has been lying to her for her approval. Overwhelmed, Max steals Vincent's briefcase and runs, eventually hurling it onto a freeway where it is destroyed. Fanning arrives at the hospital morgue to see the bodies ofcriminal lawyer Sylvester Clark, Vincent's second target, and the two dead robbers, and realizes that it is the work of a hitman. Vincent coerces Max to meetdrug lord Felix Reyes-Torrena to re-obtain the information on his final two targets. Max, posing as Vincent, acquires the information and leaves. Reyes-Torrena orders his men to kill "Vincent" if he does not complete the job.
Max goes with Vincent to a nightclub, seeking the next target, Peter Lim. Fanning seeks a connection between the three victims and visitsFBI agent Frank Pedrosa, who identifies the victims as witnesses in a federal grand jury which will indict Reyes-Torrena the following day. Pedrosa sees FBI surveillance of Max entering and leaving Reyes-Torrena's bar, concludes that Max is the hitman and orders the FBI agents to protect Lim. At the nightclub, Vincent blends in with the drunk and dancing crowd, then kills Reyes-Torrena's hitmen, Lim, and his bodyguards. Fanning rescues Max and smuggles him outside, but Vincent fatally shoots Fanning and coerces Max back into the cab.
Following their getaway, Max and Vincent get into an argument, with Max repeating Vincent'snihilistic rhetoric about the value of human life. The argument eventually culminates in Max deliberately crashing the cab, attempting to kill Vincent, but it instead only wounds him. Vincent escapes, but a police officer tries to arrest Max after seeing the corpse in the trunk. Max notices Vincent's open laptop, which reveals that his final target is Annie. Max overpowers the police officer, takes his gun and rushes toward Annie's office building.
Stealing a bystander's phone, Max calls Annie to warn her and urge her to call9-1-1. Vincent arms himself with a gun from a security guard and corners Annie, but he is shot and wounded by Max, who escapes with Annie on foot. Vincent pursues the pair onto ametro rail train. Cornered on the train, Max engages Vincent in a shootout, blindly firing at one another through the carriages. Vincent attempts to reload his gun, but realizes he is fatally wounded with a bullet to the abdomen, and collapses into a seat. Max and Annie get off the train, whilst Vincent's dead body remains riding alone.
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When he was 17 years old, Australian writerStuart Beattie took a cab home fromSydney Airport and had the idea of a homicidal maniac sitting in the back of a cab with the driver nonchalantly conversing with him, trusting his passenger implicitly. Beattie drafted his idea into a two-page treatment titled "The Last Domino", then later began writing the screenplay. The original story centered around an African-American female cop who witnesses ahit, and the romance between the cab driver and his then librarian girlfriend. The final film has limited resemblance to the original treatment.[3]
Beattie was waiting tables when he came in to contact with Julie Richardson, whom he had met on aUCLA Screenwriting Extension course. Richardson had become a producer and was searching for projects forFrank Darabont, Rob Fried andChuck Russell's company, Edge City, which was created to make low budget genre films forHBO. Beattie later pitched her his idea of "The Last Domino". Richardson pitched the idea to Darabont, who brought the team in for a meeting, including Beattie, and set up the project under Edge City. After two drafts, HBO passed on the project.[4]
At a general meeting atDreamWorks with executive Marc Haimes, Beattie mentioned the script. Haimes immediately contacted Richardson, read the script overnight, and DreamWorks put in an offer the following day.[5] Early drafts ofCollateral's script set the film in New York City. Later revisions of the script moved the film's setting to Los Angeles.[6] Darabont, Fried and Russell would remain on as executive producers.[7][8]
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Mimi Leder and cinematographerJanusz Kamiński were attached to the project at one point as the director.[9][10] Brazilian filmmakerFernando Meirelles had initially agreed to direct, but eventually decided to exit as the production would require him to relocate to Los Angeles for eight months.[11] Meirelles described his vision for the film as being that of a comedy, and looked at telling it in a way similar toMartin Scorsese'sAfter Hours.[12]
UponRussell Crowe expressing interest in playing the role of Vincent, development on the film moved forward. Crowe got hisThe Insider directorMichael Mann involved, but after constant delays, Crowe departed the project.[13] Mann explained that the confined time frame and smaller scale of the film in comparison to previous efforts likeThe Last of the Mohicans andHeat were what drew him to the project.[14] Mann then approachedTom Cruise with the idea of him playing Vincent andAdam Sandler in the role of Max. Sandler later dropped out due to scheduling conflicts withSpanglish and was replaced byJamie Foxx.[13] Beattie wanted the studio to castRobert De Niro as Max, once again making him a taxi driver, though the exact opposite ofTravis Bickle. The studio refused, insisting on a younger actor for the role.[15]
To prepare for the role of Vincent, Cruise watched a few movies about professional killers such asJean-Pierre Melville’sLe Samouraï (starringAlain Delon), with Cruise describing his fascination with the "solitary and melancholic charisma in carrying out his cruel affairs.” Cruise's appearance and character in the American film are also reminiscent of the character played by Delon in that film.[16]
Cuba Gooding Jr. revealed in a 2018 interview he had turned down a part in the film due to concerns he would be miscast.[17] Mann's reasons for casting Foxx, with whom he worked with onAli, was that he held a similar quality in his performances to Cruise. "I saw that [quality of Tom's] in Jamie onIn Living Color — his characters were so vivid. That's why I went after him for [cornerman] Bundini Brown inAli. Jamie starts with mimicry, but then he talks about "putting it into the database", so he can access a character once he's got it down".[18] To prepare for his role, Cruise worked covertly as aFedEx deliveryman. Mann stated the goal was for Cruise to not be recognized.[19] Mann would also have Cruise train in firearm use with a retiredSAS soldier, and would take Foxx on shifts with real cab drivers to enhance Foxx's understanding of the work.[14]
Jada Pinkett Smith, cast in the role of Annie, spent time with an attorney to inform her performance.[20]Val Kilmer was originally cast in the film as Detective Fanning, but exited to star inOliver Stone'sAlexander, resulting inMark Ruffalo taking on the role instead.[21][22] In a similar situation,Dennis Farina, initially cast as Agent Pedrosa, had to exit due to scheduling conflicts with the television seriesLaw & Order, and was recast withBruce McGill.[23]Javier Bardem was cast in what was described as "a small role" at the time.[24]Jason Statham made a small appearance in a role credited as "Airport Man", briefly interacting with Cruise at the opening of the film.Louis Leterrier, co-director of the 2002 action filmThe Transporter, interpreted Statham's scene as a portrayal of hisTransporter characterFrank Martin.[25]
After three weeks of filming, cinematographerPaul Cameron left the project due to creative differences with Mann.[26][27]Dion Beebe was brought on to replace Cameron.[28] Mann chose to use theViper FilmStream High-Definition Camera to film many ofCollateral's scenes, the first such use in a major motion picture.[29] Mann had previously used the format for portions ofAli and hisCBS dramaRobbery Homicide Division and would later employ the same camera for the filming ofMiami Vice.[30] The sequence in the nightclub was shot in35 mm.[26]
Filming took place throughout Los Angeles, withLos Angeles International Airport andKoreatown used for setpieces, and filming was also done inPico Rivera, California.[31]
| Collateral: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack | |
|---|---|
| Soundtrack album by Various artists | |
| Released | August 3, 2004 |
| Label | Hip-O |
| Producer | Various producers |
James Newton Howard composed the score for the film, with additional music byAntônio Pinto. As well as theVangelis composition "Moxica and the Horse," which was composed for the film1492 Conquest of Paradise. The piece features inCollateral as the FBI race to the Fever nightclub. TheCollateral soundtrack was released on August 3, 2004, byHip-O Records, one notable omission from the soundtrack release isTom Rothrock's "LAX" which plays as several parties head to the nightclub.[32] Howard estimated that only half of the music he composed was used in the final cut of the film.[33]
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Briefcase" (Tom Rothrock) | Tom Rothrock | Tom Rothrock | 2:07 |
| 2. | "The Seed (2.0) (extended radio edit)" (The Roots featuringCody ChesnuTT) |
|
| 4:13 |
| 3. | "Hands of Time" (Groove Armada) | Groove Armada | 4:19 | |
| 4. | "Güero Canelo" (Calexico) | Joey Burns |
| 3:00 |
| 5. | "Rollin' Crumblin'" (Tom Rothrock) | Tom Rothrock | Tom Rothrock | 2:21 |
| 6. | "Max Steals Briefcase" (James Newton Howard) | James Newton Howard |
| 1:48 |
| 7. | "Destino de Abril" (Green Car Motel) |
|
| 5:15 |
| 8. | "Shadow on the Sun" (Audioslave) | Audioslave | Rick Rubin | 5:43 |
| 9. | "Island Limos" (James Newton Howard) | James Newton Howard |
| 1:33 |
| 10. | "Spanish Key" (Miles Davis) | Miles Davis | 2:25 | |
| 11. | "Air on the G String" (Klazz Brothers & Cuba Percussion) | Johann Sebastian Bach | 5:46 | |
| 12. | "Ready Steady Go (remix)" (Oakenfold) |
| 4:48 | |
| 13. | "Car Crash" (Antonio Pinto) | Antonio Pinto | 2:19 | |
| 14. | "Vincent Hops Train" (James Newton Howard) | James Newton Howard |
| 2:02 |
| 15. | "Finale" (James Newton Howard) | James Newton Howard |
| 2:18 |
| 16. | "Requiem" (Antonio Pinto) | Antonio Pinto | 1:56 | |
| Total length: | 51:53 | |||
The film opened on August 6, 2004, in 3,188 theaters in the United States and Canada and grossed approximately $24.7 million on its opening weekend, ranking number one at the box office.[34] It remained in theaters for 14 weeks and eventually grossed $101,005,703 in the U.S. and Canada. In other countries, it grossed $119,920,992 for a worldwide $220,926,695.[2]
Collateral received positive reviews. On the review aggregatorRotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 86% based on 238 reviews, with an average rating of 7.5/10. The critical consensus states that "Driven by director Michael Mann's trademark visuals and a lean, villainous performance from Tom Cruise,Collateral is a stylish and compelling noir thriller."[35] OnMetacritic, the film had an average score of 71 out of 100, based on 41 reviews, indicating "generally favorable" reviews.[36] Audiences polled byCinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale.[37]
Stephen Hunter ofThe Washington Post praised the film and Cruise's performance. He summarized the film as "the best kind of genre filmmaking: It plays by the rules, obeys the traditions and is both familiar and fresh at once".[38]Roger Ebert gave the film three-and-a-half stars out of four, saying Mann's direction and insightful dialogue elevatedCollateral above its genre roots. He also praised the performances of Cruise and Foxx, calling Foxx's dramatic performance a "revelation" after establishing himself as a comedian.[39] In addition to praising the performances of Cruise, Pinkett Smith,Mark Ruffalo andJavier Bardem,Mick LaSalle of theSan Francisco Chronicle wrote of Foxx's performance: "Foxx can act. He's up to the role's demands, conveying fear, confusion and frustration, but more important the exhaustion and recklessness that can easily follow when someone's been scared for so long".[40]
Desson Thomson gave similar praise to Foxx, finding the actor "quietly pries the movie from Cruise's big-marquee fingers".[41]David Ansen ofNewsweek praised the film, although he criticized its third act as "generic and farfetched".[42] Placing the film on his best of the year list,Richard Schickel ofTime magazine praised the acting in addition to Mann's direction and Beattie's screenplay, despite finding logical inconsistencies in the plot and that it "does not have quite enough completely compelling incidents to sustain its considerable length".[43][44]
In a mixed review, Marrit Ingman of theAustin Chronicle gave positive remarks to Mann's film-making, but stated "There's not much substance lurking beneath all the style, though the plot digresses into several awkward scenes intended to flesh out the characters".[45]David Edelstein ofSlate magazine highlighted Foxx's performance as "terrific" and was favorable to the film's first act, but derided the rest of the film. "It's too bad that halfway through,Collateral turns into a series of loud, chaotic, over-the-top action set pieces in which the existentialist Mann proves he's lousy at action". Edelstein also criticized the performance of Cruise, referring to his performance as "robotic".[46]
Stephanie Zacharek ofSalon magazine criticized Cruise's performance, finding that "Cruise's dignity rings stiff and false". Zacharek did praise the performance of Foxx, stating "Foxx inhabits his character so comfortably that he renders meaningless Vincent's babble about the tough, real world. Max is the one who lives in the real world, which is ultimately the point of the movie -- but it takes the picture a very long time to reach a conclusion that's evident from the start to any attuned viewer".[47]
Richard Roeper placedCollateral as his 10th favorite film of 2004.[48] In 2008, the film was voted as the 9th best film set in Los Angeles in the last 25 years by a group ofLos Angeles Times writers and editors with two criteria: "The movie had to communicate some inherent truth about the L.A. experience, and only one film per director was allowed on the list".[49]
In 2025, it was one of the films voted for the "Readers' Choice" edition ofThe New York Times' list of "The 100 Best Movies of the 21st Century," finishing at number 191.[50]
Tom Cruise (How did he actually prepare for the role of the villain in "Collateral" ?) : "First I watched some films about professional killers, including Jean-Pierre Melville's 'The Ice-Cold Angel' with Alain Delon. His lonely, melancholic charisma while doing his cruel business fascinated me very much".
