 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Coleshill, Warwickshire" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(February 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| Coleshill | |
|---|---|
 Seen from the northwest with theChurch of St. Peter and St. Paul in view, 2017 | |
 High Street in 2011 | |
  Coleshill Location withinWarwickshire | |
| Population | 6,900 (2021 Census) |
| OS grid reference | SP2089 |
| Civil parish |
|
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | BIRMINGHAM |
| Postcode district | B46 |
| Dialling code | 01675 |
| Police | Warwickshire |
| Fire | Warwickshire |
| Ambulance | West Midlands |
| UK Parliament | |
| |
Coleshill (/ˈkoʊzɪl/KOH-zil) is amarket town andcivil parish in theNorth Warwickshire district ofWarwickshire, England, taking its name from theRiver Cole, on which it stands. It had a population of 6,900 in the2021 Census,[1] and is situated 11 miles (18 km) east ofBirmingham, 8.5 miles (13.7 km) southeast ofSutton Coldfield, 11 miles (18 km) south ofTamworth, 13 miles (21 km) northwest ofCoventry by road and 12.5 miles (20 km) west ofNuneaton. It borders the suburban parish village ofKingshurst in theMetropolitan Borough of Solihull to the west. It is also home to the 505-year-oldColeshill School seated next to the dual carriageway.
Coleshill is located on a ridge between the riversCole andBlythe which converge to the north with theRiver Tame. It is adjacent to the border withWest Midlands county, and is just outsideBirmingham.[2]
| Climate data for Coleshill (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.9 (58.8) | 19.1 (66.4) | 22.6 (72.7) | 25.9 (78.6) | 27.2 (81.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 38.8 (101.8) | 34.5 (94.1) | 30.4 (86.7) | 29.1 (84.4) | 18.0 (64.4) | 15.3 (59.5) | 38.8 (101.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.3 (45.1) | 8.0 (46.4) | 10.5 (50.9) | 13.5 (56.3) | 16.6 (61.9) | 19.6 (67.3) | 22.0 (71.6) | 21.5 (70.7) | 18.6 (65.5) | 14.2 (57.6) | 10.2 (50.4) | 7.6 (45.7) | 14.2 (57.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) | 4.8 (40.6) | 6.7 (44.1) | 9.0 (48.2) | 11.9 (53.4) | 14.8 (58.6) | 17.0 (62.6) | 16.8 (62.2) | 14.3 (57.7) | 10.8 (51.4) | 7.2 (45.0) | 4.8 (40.6) | 10.2 (50.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.7 (35.1) | 1.7 (35.1) | 2.9 (37.2) | 4.4 (39.9) | 7.1 (44.8) | 10.0 (50.0) | 12.0 (53.6) | 12.0 (53.6) | 10.0 (50.0) | 7.3 (45.1) | 4.2 (39.6) | 2.0 (35.6) | 6.3 (43.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −10.9 (12.4) | −3.2 (26.2) | −7.5 (18.5) | −4.3 (24.3) | −1.8 (28.8) | 2.0 (35.6) | 4.6 (40.3) | 3.9 (39.0) | 0.9 (33.6) | −4.4 (24.1) | −10.0 (14.0) | −12.6 (9.3) | −12.6 (9.3) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 63.6 (2.50) | 47.0 (1.85) | 46.6 (1.83) | 48.1 (1.89) | 53.8 (2.12) | 64.9 (2.56) | 52.9 (2.08) | 66.2 (2.61) | 58.1 (2.29) | 72.8 (2.87) | 69.6 (2.74) | 64.7 (2.55) | 708.2 (27.88) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 12.4 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 10.5 | 9.6 | 11.6 | 13.0 | 11.7 | 127.1 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 55.1 | 72.0 | 116.7 | 147.1 | 193.3 | 192.6 | 194.0 | 170.7 | 130.7 | 100.2 | 66.2 | 62.6 | 1,501.3 |
| Source 1:Met Office[3] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Starlings Roost Weather[4] | |||||||||||||
Coleshill began life in theIron Age, before theRoman conquest of 43 AD at theGrimstock Hill Romano-British settlement, north of the River Cole. Evidence ofhut circles were found by archaeologists at the end of the 1970s. These excavations showed that throughout the Roman period there was a Romano-Celtic temple on Grimstock Hill. It had developed over the earlier Iron Age huts and had gone through at least three phases of development. The area was at the junction of two powerfulCeltic Tribes – theCoritanii to the east fromLeicester, and to the west theCornovii fromViroconium Cornoviorum. In the post Roman or Arthurian period (TheDark Ages), the nucleus of Coleshill moved about a kilometre to the south, to the top of the hill. Here the present church is set and themedieval town developed around it.
By 1066 the town was a RoyalManor held by KingEdward the Confessor and is recorded in theDomesday Book of 1086 as land held byWilliam the Conqueror and the site of the court for the ancienthundred of Coleshill.[5] In 1284/5 John de Clinton, elder, was grantedColeshill Manor by KingHenry II, and claimed by prescription within the lordship of Coleshill,Assize of bread and ale, gallows, pillory, tumbrell and court leet, infangthef and utfangthef, amarket,fair, and free warren. He died in 1316. His heir was his 12-year-old grandson, John, who subsequently married a daughter of Sir Roger Hilary, and died in 1353 or 1354 leaving one daughter Joan. She had as her first husband SirJohn of Montfort, illegitimate son of SirPeter de Montfort ofBeaudesert.
Coleshill Manor then passed to this branch of SirSimon de Montford who moated themanor houses at Coleshill andKingshurst. KingHenry VII granted Coleshill Manor and its lands toSimon Digby in 1496 following the execution and forfeiture of Sir Simon de Montford for supporting the rebellion ofPerkin Warbeck. The (Wingfield-Digby) family descendants still hold the titles. Coleshill village was granted amarket charter byKing John in 1207, alongsideLiverpool,Leek andGreat Yarmouth. During the era ofstagecoach and theturnpike trusts, Coleshill became important as a majorstaging post on the coaching roads fromLondon toChester, Liverpool andHolyhead. At one point there were over twenty inns in the town. The Coleshill toLichfield Turnpike dates from 1743.
Many former coaching inns remain in Coleshill, mostly along the High Street and Coventry Road. One of the most notable buildings in the town is the parish'sChurch of St Peter and St Paul at the top of the Market Square. It has a 52-metre (170 ft) highsteeple, one of the finest in Warwickshire, dating from the 13th century. Inside there is a 12th-centuryfont of Norman origin, which is one of the finest examples in the country. There are also medieval table tombs witheffigies of knights, including John de Clinton. Just outside the south door are the preserved remains of a medieval cross.
Church Hill is the location of the town'spillory and whipping post, which were last used in 1863.[6] A bronze sculpture byPeter Walker in the High Street shows three themes of the town's origins: a stagecoach wheel, a visiting circus elephant and the creation of theTyphoo Tea brand byJohn Sumner.
The town is close to theM6,M6 Toll andM42 motorways. It is on Junction 4 of the M6, withBirmingham City Centre at Junction 6,Sutton Coldfield J5,Nuneaton,Bedworth andCoventry North at J3 and Coventry East at Junction 2. The town is connected to East Birmingham by the B4114 Road which subsequently creates a road connection into Birmingham City Centre.
There is also a route to Coventry via theA446, which becomes theA452 just before theA45 road junction atStonebridge. Upon reaching the western edge of Coventry, it is necessary to follow the A4114 road which now takes you to the city centre ring roadA4053 after the A45 was diverted to run south of Coventry acting as abypass.
Two regular bus routes serve the town. The X13 (previously called X70) passes through Coleshill betweenBirmingham andChelmsley Wood operated byNational Express West Midlands. The 76 passes through betweenTamworth andSutton Coldfield operated byDiamond Bus.
The town is served byColeshill Parkway railway station, which reopened in 2007, on the site of the previous Coleshill station, which had closed in 1968. It is on theBirmingham to Peterborough Line and is served half hourly byCrossCountry as part of their service betweenBirmingham,Nuneaton,Leicester,Peterborough,Cambridge andStansted Airport. Historically the town was also served byMaxstoke on theStonebridge Railway which closed in 1917 and Coleshill railway station, originally named Forge Mills, which closed in 1968. As a result until 2007, the town's nearest railway station was atWater Orton, some 2.5 miles (4 km) to the north-west.
Local news and television programmes are provided byBBC West Midlands andITV Central. Television signals are received from theSutton Coldfield TV transmitter.[7] The town is served by bothBBC Radio WM on 95.6 FM andBBC CWR on 94.8 FM. Other radio stations received in the town areHeart West Midlands on 100.7 FM,Smooth West Midlands on 105.7 FM,Capital Mid-Counties on 96.2 FM,Greatest Hits Radio Birmingham & The West Midlands on 105.2 FM, andHits Radio Coventry & Warwickshire on 97.0 FM. The town is served by local newspapers,Leamington Courier andWarwick Courier.[8][9]
Coleshill has beentwinned withChassieu nearLyon inFrance since 1983.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
