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Guinea is a country on the coast of West Africa and is bordered byGuinea-Bissau,Senegal,Mali,Ivory Coast,Liberia, andSierra Leone.

Guinea is divided into four geographic regions:Maritime Guinea (Lower Guinea) acoastal plain running north to south behind the coast; the pastoralFouta Djallon highlands (Middle Guinea); the northernsavanna (Upper Guinea); and a southeastern rain-forest region (Forest Guinea).

Guinea lies in westernAfrica, bordering the NorthAtlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone. Its geographic coordinates are11°00′N10°00′W / 11.000°N 10.000°W /11.000; -10.000.

Area

• Total: 245,857 km²
  • country rank in the world: 77th
• Land: 245,717 km²
• Water: 140 km²

Area comparative

• Australia comparative: slightly larger thanVictoria
• Canada comparative: slightly more than⁠1/2⁠ the size of theYukon
• United Kingdom comparative: approximately the size of the United Kingdom
• United States comparative: slightly smaller thanOregon
• EU comparative: slightly larger thanRomania

Guinea's land boundaries span a total of 4,046 km: with Ivory Coast 816 km, Guinea-Bissau 421 km, Liberia 590 km, Mali 1,062 km, Senegal 363 km, and Sierra Leone 794 km. It has a 320-km coastline, and claims anexclusive economic zone of 200 nmi (370.4 km; 230.2 mi), with a territorial sea of 12 nmi (22.2 km; 13.8 mi).

The coastal region of Guinea and most of the inland have a tropical climate, with amonsoonal-type rainy season lasting from April to November, relatively high and uniform temperatures, southwesterly winds, and high humidity.

The capitalConakry's year-round average high is 32 °C (89.6 °F), and the low is 21 °C (69.8 °F). Conakry's average annual rainfall is almost 3,800 mm (149.6 in). Sahelian Upper Guinea has a shorter rainy season and greater daily temperature variations. There is a dry season (December to May) with northeasterlyharmattan winds.

TheNiger River, theGambia River, and theSenegal River are among the 22 West African rivers that have their origins in Guinea.

• Guinean forest-savanna mosaic covers most of the country, covering most of Maritime Guinea and Upper Guinea, as well as the lower elevations of the Fouta Djallon. It extends north into Guinea Bissau and Senegal, and east through Mali and Ivory Coast.
• Western Guinean lowland forests occupies the southwestern portion of Maritime Guinea around Conakry, and Forest Guinea, along with coastal Sierra Leone, Liberia, and western Ivory Coast.
• Guinean montane forests, cover the Fouta Djallon andGuinea Highlands of southeast Guinea above an elevation of 600 meters.
• Guinean mangroves, in the coastal estuaries. Enclaves extend north into Guinea Bissau, Gambia and Senegal, and southeast through Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Ivory Coast.

The country's natural resources includebauxite,iron ore,diamonds,gold,uranium, hydropower, fish, and salt. It has 12.21% arable land, and 2.85% of the land is permanent crops. 949.2 km² (2003) of land is irrigated. Guinea's total renewable water resources total 226 km³.

Current environmental issues in Guinea include:deforestation; inadequate supplies of potable water;desertification;soil contamination and erosion; andoverfishing andoverpopulation in forest regions. Poormining practices have led to environmental damage.

Guinea is party to the following international environmental agreements:Biodiversity,Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes,Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection,Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling.

Its terrain is generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior. The country's lowest point is the Atlantic Ocean (0 m), and highest isMont Nimba (1,752 m).

A recent globalremote sensing analysis suggested that there were 549km² of tidal flats in Guinea, making it the 47th ranked country in terms of tidal flat area.^[2]

This is a list of the extreme points ofGuinea, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location.

• Northernmost point – the northern section of the border withSenegal,Boké Region*.
• Easternmost point – theconfluence of the Gben river and the Férédougouba river on the border withIvory Coast,Nzérékoré Region.
• Southernmost point – unnamed location on the border withLiberia immediately south of the village of Gonon, Nzérékoré Region.
• Westernmost point – Ile du Noufrage, Boké Region.
• Westernmost point (mainland) – the point at which the border withGuinea-Bissau enters the Rio Compony estuary.
• *Note: Guinea does not have a northernmost point, this section of the border being formed by a straightlatitudinal line

• Administrative divisions of Guinea

 This article incorporatespublic domain material fromThe World Factbook.CIA.

• Geography of Guinea

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