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Chytridiomycetes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Class of fungi

Chytridiomycetes
Chytrid cytology
Scientific classificationEdit this classification
Kingdom:Fungi
Division:Chytridiomycota
Class:Chytridiomycetes
Caval.-Sm (1998)[1]
Orders
Synonyms
  • ArchimycetesFischer 1892
  • ChytridiomycetidaeScagel et al. 1965
  • RumpomycetesCavalier-Smith 1987
  • RupomycetidaeCavalier-Smith 1998 emend. 2013
  • SpizomycetidaeCavalier-Smith 1998

Chytridiomycetes (/kɪˌtrɪdioʊmaɪˈsiːtiːz,-ˈsiːts/[2]) is aclass offungi. Members are found in soil, fresh water, and saline estuaries. They are first known from theRhynie chert.[3] It has recently been redefined to exclude thetaxaNeocallimastigomycota andMonoblepharidomycetes, which are now aphylum and a sister-class respectively.[4]

Chytridiomycetes is the major class of the phylumChytridiomycota,[5] which contains a number ofparasitic species. At least two species in this class are known to infect a number of amphibian species.[6]

Phylogeny

[edit]

Based on the work of "The Mycota: A Comprehensive Treatise on Fungi as Experimental Systems for Basic and Applied Research",[7] Powell and Letcher 2015[8] and Karpov et al. 2014.[9]

Polytrichiales

ArkayaceaeDoweld 2014

PolytrichiaceaeLongcore & Simmons 2012

Cladochytriales

CatenochytridiaceaeDoweld 2014

NowakowskiellaceaeSparrow ex Mozley-Standridge 2009

SeptochytriaceaeMozley-Standridge 2009

CladochytriaceaeSchröter 1892

EndochytriaceaeSparrow ex Barr 1980

Chytridiales

ChytriomycetaceaeLetcher 2011

ChytridiaceaeNowakowski 1878

References

[edit]
  1. ^Cavalier-Smith T (1998). "A revised six-kingdom system of Life".Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc.73 (3):203–266.doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x.PMID 9809012.S2CID 6557779.
  2. ^OED;Howjsay
  3. ^Taylor TN, Remy W, Hass H (1992). "Fungi from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert: Chytridiomycetes".American Journal of Botany.79 (11):1233–1241.doi:10.2307/2445050.JSTOR 2445050.
  4. ^Hibbett DS, et al. (March 2007). "A higher level phylogenetic classification of theFungi".Mycological Research.111 (5):509–547.CiteSeerX 10.1.1.626.9582.doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004.PMID 17572334.
  5. ^Sharma PD (2005).Fungi and Allied Organisms. Alpha Science International.ISBN 978-1-84265-277-0.
  6. ^Berger L, Speare R, Hyatt A (1999)."Chytrid Fungi and Amphibian Declines: Overview, Implications and Future Directions"(PDF). In Campbell A (ed.).Declines and Disappearances of Australian Frogs. Environment Australia. p. 23. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2007-09-11.
  7. ^Esser K (2014).The Mycota VII A: Systematics and Evolution (2nd ed.). Springer. p. 461.ISBN 978-3-642-55317-2.
  8. ^Powell; Letcher (2015)."A new genus and family for the misclassified chytrid, Rhizophlyctis harderi (in press)".Mycologia.107 (2):419–31.doi:10.3852/14-223.PMID 25572098.S2CID 24144836. Retrieved2016-08-23.
  9. ^Karpov, et al. (March 2014)."Gromochytrium mamkaevae gen. & sp. nov. and two new orders: Gromochytriales and Mesochytriales (Chytridiomycetes)".Persoonia.32:115–126.doi:10.3767/003158514X680234.PMC 4150072.PMID 25264386.
Rozellomyceta
Rozellomycota
Microsporidiomycota
  • Morellosporales
  • Nucleophagales
  • Paramicrosporidiales
Microsporidia
Aphelidiomyceta
Aphelidiomycota
Eumycota
Zoosporic fungi
(paraphyletic)
Neocallimastigomycota
Monoblepharomycota
Chytridiomycota
Blastocladiomycota
Zygomycota
(paraphyletic)
Olpidiomycota
Basidiobolomycota
Entomophthoromycota
Kickxellomycota
Mortierellomycota
Calcarisporiellomycota
Mucoromycota
Glomeromycota
Dikarya
Entorrhizomycota
Ascomycota
(sac fungi)
Taphrinomycotina
Saccharomycotina
Pezizomycotina
Other
Dothideomyceta
Sordariomyceta
Basidiomycota
(withbasidia)
Pucciniomycotina
Ustilaginomycotina
Agaricomycotina
See also:fungi imperfecti (polyphyletic group).
Chytridiomycetes
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