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Ministerial offices

Leader of the House of Lords andLord President of the Council
In office 5 May 1979 – 14 September 1981
Prime Minister	Margaret Thatcher
Preceded by	The Lord Peart (Lords) Michael Foot (Council)
Succeeded by	The Baroness Young (Lords) Francis Pym (Council)
Shadow Foreign Secretary
In office 4 August 1965 – 13 April 1966
Leader	Edward Heath
Preceded by	Reginald Maudling
Succeeded by	Alec Douglas-Home
Shadow Secretary of State for Defence
In office 16 February 1965 – 4 August 1965
Leader	Alec Douglas-Home
Preceded by	Peter Thorneycroft
Succeeded by	Enoch Powell
Shadow Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
In office 16 October 1964 – 16 February 1965
Leader	Alec Douglas-Home
Preceded by	Fred Peart
Succeeded by	Martin Redmayne
Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
In office 27 July 1960 – 16 October 1964
Prime Minister	Harold Macmillan Alec Douglas-Home
Preceded by	John Hare
Succeeded by	Fred Peart
Secretary of State for War
In office 6 January 1958 – 27 July 1960
Prime Minister	Harold Macmillan
Preceded by	John Hare
Succeeded by	John Profumo
Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty
In office 9 January 1957 – 6 January 1958
Prime Minister	Harold Macmillan
Preceded by	George Ward
Succeeded by	Robert Allan
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Air
In office 6 April 1955 – 9 January 1957
Prime Minister	Anthony Eden
Preceded by	George Ward
Succeeded by	Ian Orr-Ewing

Parliamentary offices

Member of theHouse of Lords
Lord Temporal
Life peerage 19 April 1978 – 16 September 1987
Member of Parliament forBedford
In office 23 February 1950 – 10 March 1966
Preceded by	Thomas Skeffington-Lodge
Succeeded by	Brian Parkyn

Personal details

Born

Arthur Christopher John Soames
(1920-10-12)12 October 1920

Penn, Buckinghamshire, England

Died

16 September 1987(1987-09-16) (aged 66)

Odiham,Hampshire, England

Resting place

St Martin's Church, Bladon

Political party

Conservative

Spouse

Mary Churchill

(m. 1947)

Children

5, includingNicholas,Emma andRupert

Parent

Arthur Granville Soames (father)

Relatives

Winston Churchill (father‑in‑law)

Education

Eton College

Alma mater

Royal Military College, Sandhurst

Christopher and Mary Soames inLenzerheide, February 1947

Arthur Christopher John Soames, Baron Soames,GCMG, GCVO, CH, CBE, PC (12 October 1920 – 16 September 1987) was aBritish Conservative politician who served as aEuropean Commissioner and the lastGovernor of Southern Rhodesia. He was previouslyMember of Parliament (MP) forBedford from 1950 to 1966. He held several government posts and attained Cabinet rank.

Early life and education

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Soames was born inPenn, Buckinghamshire, England, the son of CaptainArthur Granville Soames (the brother ofOlave Baden-Powell, World Chief Guide, both descendants of a brewing family who had joined thelanded gentry) by his marriage to Hope Mary Woodbine Parish.^[1] His parents divorced while he was a boy, and his mother married her second husbandCharles Rhys (later 8thBaron Dynevor), by whom she had further children includingRichard Rhys, 9th Baron Dynevor.

Soames was educated atWest Downs School,Eton College, and theRoyal Military College at Sandhurst.^[2] He obtained acommission as an officer in theColdstream Guards just beforeWorld War II broke out. During the war, he served in France, Italy, and North Africa and was awarded the FrenchCroix de Guerre for his actions at theSecond Battle of El Alamein in 1942.^[3]

Political career

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After military service during the Second World War, Soames served as the Assistant MilitaryAttaché in Paris.^[1] He was theConservative MP forBedford from 1950 to 1966 and served underAnthony Eden asUnder-Secretary of State for Air from 1955 to 1957 and underHarold Macmillan asParliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty from 1957 to 1958.^[1] In the1955 Birthday Honours, he was invested asCommander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE).^[4]

In 1958 he was sworn of thePrivy Council. He served under Macmillan asSecretary of State for War (outside the Cabinet) from 1958 to 1960 and then in the cabinets of Macmillan and his successorAlec Douglas-Home asMinister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food from July 1960 to 1964. Home had promised to promote him toForeign Secretary if the Conservatives won the1964 general election, but they did not.^[5]

Between 1965 and 1966, Soames wasShadow Foreign Secretary underEdward Heath. He lost his seat in Parliament in the1966 election. In 1968Harold Wilson appointed himAmbassador to France,^[6] where he served until 1972.^[7] During his tenure as ambassador, he was involved in the February 1969 "Soames affair", following a private meeting between Soames and French presidentCharles de Gaulle, the latter offering bilateral talks concerning a partnership for Britain in a larger and looserEuropean union, the talks not involving other members. The British government eventually refused the offer, and that for a time strainedFranco-British relations. He was then aVice-President of the European Commission from 1973 to 1976.^[8] He was considered as a potential challenger to Edward Heath in the1975 Conservative Party leadership election. The eventual winnerMargaret Thatcher would have withdrawn if he had stood.^[9] He was created alife peer on 19 April 1978 as Baron Soames, ofFletching in the County of East Sussex.^[10]

He served as the interimgovernor of Southern Rhodesia from 1979 to 1980, charged with administering the terms of theLancaster House Agreement and overseeing its transition to internationally recognised independence asZimbabwe in 1980. From 1979 to 1981, he wasLord President of the Council andLeader of the House of Lords under Margaret Thatcher, concurrent with his duties inSouthern Rhodesia.^[1]

Outside politics

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Soames served as president of theRoyal Agricultural Society of England in 1973, was a non-executive director ofN.M. Rothschild and Sons Ltd 1977–1979, and a director of theNat West Bank 1978–1979.^[11]

Personal life

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Lord Soames marriedMary Churchill, the youngest child ofWinston andClementine Churchill, on 11 February 1947. They had five children:

Arthur Nicholas Winston Soames, Baron Soames of Fletching (b. 12 February 1948), Member of House of Lords, former Conservative MP andShadow Secretary of State for Defence;^[12]
Emma Mary Soames (b. 6 September 1949), editor ofSaga magazine;
Jeremy Bernard Soames (b. 25 May 1952);
Charlotte Clementine Soames, Countess Peel (b. 17 July 1954), married toWilliam Peel, 3rd Earl Peel, formerLord Chamberlain;
Rupert Christopher Soames (b. 18 May 1959).^{[citation needed]}

Christopher and Mary Soames' grave atSt Martin's Church, Bladon, in 2015

Lord Soames died from cancer at his home inOdiham on 16 September 1987.^[1] His ashes were buried within the Churchill plot atSt Martin's Church, Bladon, nearWoodstock, Oxfordshire.^{[citation needed]}

Honours

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In date order:

Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France) – 1942^[11]
Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) (Civil division) – 1955^[11]
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG) – 1972^[13]
Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) – 1972^[14]
Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour (France) – 1972^[2]
Robert Schuman Prize – 1976^[11]
Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) – 1980^[15]

Arms

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Coat of arms of Christopher Soames
	Crest In front of a rising sun Proper upon a lure Gules feathered Argent fesswise a falcon belled Or. Escutcheon Gules a chevron Or between in chief two mallets erect of the second and in base two wings conjoined in lure Argent. Motto Vilius Virtutibus Aurum^[16]

Notes

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^Humphrey Gibbs' position as governor was abolished by the government ofRhodesia in 1965, but the abolition was unrecognised and Gibbs still legally held office until 1969
^Josiah Zion Gumede was head of state of the internationally unrecognised government ofZimbabwe Rhodesia, which was formed following theInternal Settlement of 1978

References

[edit]

^^a ^b ^c ^d ^eRenwick, Robin (17 September 2015) [2004]. "Soames, (Arthur) Christopher John, Baron Soames (1920–1987), politician".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/39861. (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.)
^^a ^b"The Papers of Baron Soames". Churchill Archives Centre, Cambridge.Archived from the original on 4 October 2021. Retrieved10 November 2014.
^"Britain's Man for Rhodesia".The New York Times. 13 December 1979.Archived from the original on 8 November 2021. Retrieved16 June 2021.
^"No. 40497".The London Gazette (Supplement). 9 June 1955. p. 3269.
^Jago 2015, p. 401.
^"No. 44723".The London Gazette. 26 November 1968. p. 12676.
^"No. 45876".The London Gazette (Supplement). 11 January 1973. p. 480.
^"A.Ch.J. (Christopher) Soames".europa-nu.nl (in Dutch).Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved20 March 2021.
^Campbell 2010, pp. 318–319.
^"No. 47519".The London Gazette. 24 April 1978. p. 4731.
^^a ^b ^c ^dMosley 1982, p. 1435.
^"Lord Soames of Fletching".MPs and Lords. UK Parliament. Retrieved28 October 2022.
^"No. 45713".The London Gazette. 27 June 1972. p. 7689.
^"No. 45554".The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1972. p. 4.
^"No. 48212".The London Gazette (Supplement). 14 June 1980. p. 5.
^Debrett's Peerage. 1985.^{[incomplete short citation]}

Bibliography

[edit]

Campbell, John (2010).Pistols at Dawn: Two Hundred Years of Political Rivalry from Pitt and Fox to Blair and Brown. London: Vintage.ISBN 978-1-84595-091-0.OCLC 489636152.
Jago, Michael (2015).Rab Butler: The Best Prime Minister We Never Had?. London: Biteback.ISBN 978-1-84954-920-2.
Mosley, Nicholas, ed. (1982).Debrett's Handbook 1982: Distinguished People in British Life. London: Debrett's Peerage Limited.ISBN 978-0-905649-38-2.
Sanderson, Claire (2011).Perfide Albion ? L'affaire Soames et les arcanes de la diplomatie britannique (in French). Paris: Publications de la Sorbonn.ISBN 978-2-85944-665-9.

External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related toChristopher Soames.

Offices and distinctions

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Tom Skeffington-Lodge	Member of Parliament forBedford 1950–1966	Succeeded by Brian Parkyn
Political offices
Preceded by George Ward	Undersecretary of State for Air 1955–1957	Succeeded by Ian Orr-Ewing
Preceded by George Ward	Secretary to the Admiralty 1957–1958	Succeeded by Robert Allan
Preceded by John Hare	Secretary of State for War 1958–1960	Succeeded by John Profumo
Preceded by John Hare	Minister of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food 1960–1964	Succeeded by Fred Peart
Preceded by Reginald Maudling	Shadow Foreign Secretary 1965–1966	Succeeded by Alec Douglas-Home
New office	European Commissioner from the United Kingdom 1973–1977 Served alongside:George Thomson	Succeeded by Christopher Tugendhat
New office		Succeeded by Roy Jenkins
Preceded by Jean-François Deniau	European Commissioner for External Relations 1973–1977	Succeeded by Wilhelm Haferkamp
Preceded by Ralf Dahrendorf	European Commissioner for Trade 1973–1977	Succeeded by Wilhelm Haferkamp
Preceded by The Lord Peart	Leader of the House of Lords 1979–1981	Succeeded by The Baroness Young
Preceded by Michael Foot	Lord President of the Council 1979–1981	Succeeded by Francis Pym
Preceded by Humphrey Gibbs	Governor of Southern Rhodesia 1979–1980	Succeeded by Canaan Banana asPresident of Zimbabwe
Party political offices
Preceded by The Lord Carrington	Leader of the Conservative Party in the House of Lords 1979–1981	Succeeded by The Baroness Young
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Patrick Reilly	British Ambassador to France 1968–1972	Succeeded by Edward Tomkins

v t e Thatcher Cabinet
Margaret Thatcher Humphrey Atkins Kenneth Baker Lord Belstead John Biffen Leon Brittan Peter Brooke Mark Carlisle Lord Carrington Paul Channon Kenneth Clarke Lord Cockfield Nicholas Edwards Norman Fowler Sir Ian Gilmour Lord Gowrie John Gummer Lord Havers Lord Hailsham Michael Heseltine Michael Howard Sir Geoffrey Howe David Howell David Hunt Douglas Hurd Patrick Jenkin Michael Jopling Sir Keith Joseph Tom King Norman Lamont Nigel Lawson Peter Lilley John MacGregor James Mackay John Major Angus Maude John Moore Tony Newton John Nott Cecil Parkinson Chris Patten Jim Prior Francis Pym Peter Rees Nicholas Ridley Malcolm Rifkind Lord Soames Norman St John-Stevas Norman Tebbit David Waddington John Wakeham William Waldegrave Peter Walker William Whitelaw Lord Young of Graffham Baroness Young George Younger

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v t e European commissioners from the United Kingdom
Soames Thomson Jenkins Tugendhat Richard Clinton-Davis Cockfield Brittan Millan Kinnock Patten Mandelson Ashton Hill King

v t e European commissioners for external relations
Rey Martino Deniau Soames Haferkamp De Clercq Andriessen van den Broek Brittan Patten Ferrero-Waldner
Merged intoHigh Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy

v t e European commissioners for trade
Rey Deniau Dahrendorf Soames Haferkamp De Clercq Andriessen Brittan Lamy Hübner Mandelson Ashton Ferrero-Waldner De Gucht Malmström Hogan

v t e Shadow foreign secretaries of the United Kingdom
Robens Bevan Healey Wilson Gordon Walker Butler Maudling Soames Douglas-Home Healey Callaghan Rippon Maudling Davies Pym Shore Healey Kaufman Cunningham Cook Major Howard Maples Maude Ancram Fox Hague Miliband Cooper Alexander Benn Thornberry Nandy Lammy Mitchell Patel

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