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China Zhi Gong Party

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Minor political party in China
For the fraternity, seeChee Kung Tong.

China Zhi Gong Party
中国致公党
Zhōngguó Zhìgōngdǎng
ChairpersonJiang Zuojun
FounderChen Jiongming andTang Jiyao
Founded10 October 1925; 100 years ago (1925-10-10); inSan Francisco,California, U.S.
Preceded byHongmen
HeadquartersBeijing
NewspaperChina Development
China Zhi Gong
Membership(2022)69,000
IdeologySocialism with Chinese characteristics
1925–1947:
Federalism
Multi-party democracy
Slogan"Committed to the public"
(致力为公;Zhìlì wèi gōng)
National People's Congress (14th)
39 / 2,980
NPC Standing Committee
3 / 175
CPPCC National Committee (14th)
30 / 544
(Seats for political parties)
Website
www.zg.org.cnEdit this at Wikidata
China Zhi Gong Party
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese中國致公黨
Simplified Chinese中国致公党
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó Zhìgōngdǎng
Tibetan name
Tibetanཀྲུང་གོ་ཀྲི་ཀུང་ཏང།
Transcriptions
Wyliekrung go kri kung tang
Zhuang name
ZhuangCunghgoz Ceiqgoeng Danj
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicДундад улсын зии хүн даан нам
Mongolian scriptᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ
ᡁᠢ ᠬᠦᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩ ᠨᠠᠮ
Uyghur name
Uyghurجۇڭگو ئادالەتچىلەر پارتىيىسى
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᡷᡳᡳᡬᠣᠩᡩᠠᠩ
RomanizationZhig'ongdang
The headquarters of the Central Committee of the China Zhi Gong Party

TheChina Zhi Gong Party (Chinese:中国致公党;pinyin:Zhōngguó Zhìgōngdǎng;lit. 'Public Interest Party of China') is one of the eight minordemocratic parties in thePeople's Republic of China under the direction of theChinese Communist Party.

The China Zhi Gong Party was founded on 10 October 1925 inSan Francisco as a party advocating for federalism and multi-party democracy. In 1926, it moved its headquarters toHong Kong and was nearly wiped out during theJapanese occupation of the city. The party later gradually moved towards the CCP, attending thefirst plenary session of theChinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, it has been a minor party under the leadership of the CCP.

The party's members are mainly returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, as well as people with overseas connections. Some scholars have described the Zhi Gong Party as "gathering non-party voices to support the party". It is the sixth-ranking minor party in China. It currently has 39 seats in theNational People's Congress, three seats in theNPC Standing Committee and 65 seats in the CPPCC. Its current chairman isJiang Zuojun.

History

[edit]
The founding congress of the China Zhi Gong Party inSan Francisco in 1925.
Flag used by the China Zhi Gong Party from 1925 to 1950

The China Zhi Gong Party derives from the overseasHung Society organization "Hung Society Zhigong Hall" or "Chee Kung Tong", based inSan Francisco, United States. This organization was one of the key supporters ofSun Yat-sen in his revolutionary efforts to overthrow theQing dynasty.[citation needed]

The party was founded on 10 October 1925 in San Francisco, and was led byChen Jiongming andTang Jiyao, two ex-Kuomintangwarlords that went into opposition. Their first platform wasfederalism andmulti-party democracy. The party moved its headquarters to the then-British colony ofHong Kong in 1926. After theJapanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 it began engaging in anti-Japanese propaganda and boycotts. The party was nearly wiped out during theJapanese occupation of Hong Kong. The party turned to the left during its third party congress in 1947.[1][non-primary source needed]

On 21 September 1949, just before theproclamation of the People's Republic of China, representatives of the CZGP attended thefirst plenary Session of the CPPCC at the invitation of the CCP. They participated in drawing up theCommon Program and electing theCentral People's Government. As part of the CCP's reorganization of the minor aligned parties, the CZGP was designated as the party of returnedoverseas Chinese, their relatives, and noted figures and scholars who have overseas ties.[2]

The Zhi Gong Party is sometimes used as an intermediary for contacts with certain foreign interests. For example, when a delegation ofParaguayan politicians visited Beijing in 2001 and metLi Peng (despite Paraguay having diplomatic relations not with PRC butwith ROC in Taiwan), it was invited not by the PRC government or the CCP, but by the Zhi Gong Party.[3]

In April 2007,Wan Gang, Deputy Chair of the Zhi Gong Party Central Committee, was appointedMinistry of Science and Technology. This was the first non-CCP ministerial appointment in China in 35 years.[4]

Organization

[edit]

According to its constitution, the China Zhi Gong Party is officially committed tosocialism with Chinese characteristics and upholding the leadership of the CCP.[5] It is the sixth-ranking minordemocratic party in China.[6] The party is a member of theChinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a principal organization in the CCP'sunited front strategy.[2][7]

The highest body of the China Zhi Gong Party officially is the National Congress, which is held every five years. The 16th National Congress, held in December 2022, was the most recently held party congress. The National Congress elects the Central Committee of the China Zhi Gong Party.[5] As of November 2022[update], the party has organizations in 21province-level administrative divisions throughout China.[8] The party publishes the newspapersChina Development[9] andChina Zhi Gong.[10]

Composition

[edit]

According to theState Council Information Office, the China Zhi Gong Party is "mainly composed of the middle and higher ranks of returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, and representatives of people with overseas connections". In November 2022, the party had 69,000 members.[8][7] Some scholars have described the Zhi Gong Party as "gathering non-party voices to support the party".[11]

Chairpersons

[edit]
No.ChairpersonTook officeLeft officeRef.
1Chen Jiongming
陈炯明
October 1925September 1933[citation needed]
2Chen Yansheng
陈演生
19331947[citation needed]
3Li Jishen
李济深
May 1947April 1950[citation needed]
4Chen Qiyou
陈其尤
April 19501966[citation needed]
5Huang Dingchen
黄鼎臣
October 1979April 1988[citation needed]
6Dong Yinchu
董寅初
April 1988November 1997[citation needed]
7Luo Haocai
罗豪才
November 1997December 2007[citation needed]
8Wan Gang
万钢
21 December 200714 December 2022[12]
9Jiang Zuojun
蒋作君
14 December 2022Incumbent[citation needed]

Electoral history

[edit]

National People's Congress elections

[edit]
Election yearNumber of seats
2017–18
38 / 2,970
2022–23
39 / 2,977

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"纪念中国致公党"三大"召开七十周年".China Zhi Gong Party. Archived fromthe original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved5 February 2022.
  2. ^abTo, James Jiann Hua (15 May 2014).Qiaowu: Extra-Territorial Policies for the Overseas Chinese.Brill. p. 80.ISBN 978-90-04-27228-6.
  3. ^"Chinese Top Legislator Meets Paraguayan Delegation".People's Daily. 5 June 2011. Archived fromthe original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved20 December 2022.
  4. ^"新中国首任部长中的党外人士" [Outsiders of the Party among the first ministers of the new China].People's Daily. Retrieved9 September 2021.
  5. ^ab"中国致公党章程" [Constitution of the China Zhi Gong Party].China Zhi Gong Party. 14 December 2022. Retrieved6 October 2024.
  6. ^"我国八个民主党派排序考".Lishui Municipal Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. 9 December 2012. Archived fromthe original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved30 December 2022.
  7. ^abTatlow, Didi Kirsten (12 July 2019)."The Chinese Influence Effort Hiding in Plain Sight".The Atlantic.ISSN 1072-7825. Retrieved13 December 2020.
  8. ^ab"新闻背景:中国致公党" [News background: China Zhi Gong Party].Xinhua News Agency. 13 December 2022. Retrieved5 December 2023.
  9. ^"中国发展".Archived from the original on 12 September 2017. Retrieved22 December 2017.
  10. ^"中国致公党".Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved27 December 2017.
  11. ^Tatlow, Didi Kirsten; Feldwisch-Drentrup, Hinnerk; Fedasiuk, Ryan (3 August 2020), Hannas, William C.; Tatlow, Didi Kirsten (eds.), "Europe: A technology transfer mosaic",China’s Quest for Foreign Technology (1 ed.), Abingdon, Oxon:Routledge, pp. 113–129,doi:10.4324/9781003035084-10,ISBN 978-1-003-03508-4,S2CID 243421133
  12. ^"中国致公党".Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved22 December 2017.

External links

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