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.jpg) CRI headquarters | |
| Type | State media |
|---|---|
| Country | China |
| Founded | 3 December1941 |
| Headquarters | Beijing, China |
Broadcast area | Worldwide |
| Parent | China Media Group |
Former names |
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Official website | www |
| China Radio International | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 中国国际 广播电台 | ||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中國國際 廣播電台 | ||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | China International Radio Station | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
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China Radio International (CRI) is thestate-owned international radio broadcaster ofChina. It is currently headquartered inBabaoshan, Shijingshan, Beijing. It was founded on December 3, 1941, asRadio Peking. It later adopted thepinyin formRadio Beijing.
CRI is the international radio arm of theChina Media Group, under the control of theCentral Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party, created following the first session of the13th National People's Congress in March 2018.[1][2] CRI states that it "endeavours to promote favourable relations between the PRC and the world" while upholding the PRC's official positions. CRI claims to "play a significant role in the PRC'ssoft power strategy" andGo Out policy, aiming to expand the influence of Chinese culture and media in a global stage. CRI attempts to employnew media and partnerships with other media outlets to compete with other international media.[3] Unlike other broadcasters, CRI's control via indirect majority ownership or financial support of radio stations in various nations is not publicly disclosed.[4][5]
Radio was first introduced in China in the 1920s and 1930s. However, few households had radio receivers. A few cities had commercial stations. Most usage of radio was for political purpose, frequently on a local area level.[citation needed]
TheChinese Communist Party first used radio inYanan Shaanxi Province in March 1940 with a transmitter imported fromMoscow.Xinhua New Chinese Radio (XNCR) went on the air from Yanan on December 30, 1940. XNCR transmitted to a larger geographical area after 1945, and its programs became more regular and formalized with broadcasts of news, official announcements, war bulletins, and art and literary programs.[citation needed]
The English service started on September 11, 1947, transmitting as XNCR from a cave inShahe in theTaihang Mountains,[6] when China was in the midst of a civil war, to announce newly conquered areas and broadcast a Chinese political and cultural perspective to the world at large.[7][8] The station moved from the Taihang Mountains to the capital,Peking, when The People's Republic of China was formed in 1949. Its name was changed to Radio Peking on April 10, 1950, and to Radio Beijing in 1983.
In April 1950, it began broadcasting for listeners in Vietnam, Thailand, Burma, Indonesia, and in four dialects foroverseas Chinese throughoutEast Asia.[9]: 91
Radio Peking's influence and capacity grew from 1957 to 1967.[9]: 91 By 1967, it was broadcasting 21 hours per week toEast Africa.[10]: 108
During the Cultural Revolution, it canceled many of its regular programs and focused on broadcastingMao Zedong's works.[9]: 91
On January 1, 1993, the name of the station was again changed, this time to China Radio International, in order to avoid any confusion with local Beijing radio broadcasting. Its online broadcasting platform: China International Broadcasting Network (CIBN) was formally established in 2011, as a joint venture of China Radio International,Huawen Media Investment, JinZhengYuan,Youku, Oriental Times Media andSuning Holdings Group.[citation needed]
Radio Peking began exchanges withVoice of America in 1982.[11] Voice of America had opened a bureau in Beijing the previous year.[11]
A 2015 investigative report byReuters found a network of at least 33 radio stations in 14 countries that obscures CRI as its majority shareholder. A significant portion of the programming on these stations is either produced or provided by CRI, or by media firms CRI controls in the United States, Australia, and Europe.[4]
In February 2020, theUnited States Department of State designated CRI and other Chinese state-owned media outlets asforeign missions.[12]
CRI has focused on forging commercial partnerships, particularly in Europe, in which its content is broadcast without attribution to CRI.[3] According to a 2023discourse analysis by theCentral European Digital Media Observatory, CRI's content steers clear of any criticism of the Chinese government.[3]
At the beginning of 1984, it started to broadcast home service to theBeijing area on AM and FM frequencies. The service later expanded to dozens of major cities across the PRC, providing listeners inside the PRC with timely news and reports, music, weather, English and Chinese learning skills, as well as other services.[citation needed]
News Radio (环球资讯广播) was established on 28 September 2005.[citation needed] Its aim is to make CRI News Radio a first-class national news radio brand and its slogans are 'First News, News First', 'On-the-Spot China, Live World' etc.[13] CRI News Radio can be heard online and inBeijing on the radio on 90.5 FM; inTianjin 90.6 FM; inChongqing 91.7 FM; inGuangdong,Hong Kong, andMacau 107.1 FM; inShandong 89.8 FM; inAnhui 90.1 FM.[citation needed]
Popular Shows
The following programmes can be heard on the Mandarin version of the podcast from theWorld Radio Network:
This broadcast was originally targeted atLondon in the United Kingdom. In 2006, they removed the "London" reference, which was part of the introduction as"Ni hao London. Hello London"[15]
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The English channels that can be heard online are:
CRI offers a list of podcast programs in English:
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During major Chinese holidays (dubbedGolden Week), such asChinese New Year,May Day, andMid-Autumn Festival, China Radio International typically broadcasts special programmes such as:
Most of these programmes are not typical of the broadcast during the other parts of the year. The analogy is similar to Christmas music broadcasts in the United States.
In July 2006, CRI launched a new radio station called Olympic Radio at 900 AM in Beijing. This special broadcast was in Mandarin, Korean, English, Russian, French, Spanish, Arabic, Japanese and German 24 hours a day. This service was terminated in late 2008 after theBeijing Olympics and now the frequency 900 AM is occupied by CRI News Radio, which covers only Beijing.[citation needed]
Other than radio channels, CRI also operates these pay television channels via satellite airing:
China Radio International broadcasts in the following languages:[16]
The Tibetan, Uygur and Kazakh services are broadcast in association with local radio stations (Tibet People's Broadcasting Station and Xinjiang People's Broadcasting Station).
China International Broadcasting Network (CIBN, traded asChinese:国广东方网络(北京)有限公司, an internet TV service, was a joint venture of China Radio International with other companies. The company was owned by Global Broadcasting Media Group (Chinese:国广环球传媒控股有限公司, a joint venture (50–50) of China Radio International andChinese:金正源联合投资控股有限公司, literallyJinZhengYuan Union Investment Holding) for 34.0004% stake,Huawen Media Investment for 30.9996% stake, a subsidiary (Chinese:桂林东方时代投资有限公司) of listed company Oriental Times Media (Chinese:东方时代网络传媒股份有限公司) for 15% stake, the operator ofYouku (Chinese:合一信息技术（北京）有限公司) for 10% stake andSuning Holdings Group, the parent company ofPPTV for 10% stake.[34]
CRI owns 60% of Finland-based GBTimes. GBTimes is headed by Zhao Yinong and operates radio stations across Europe that broadcast CRI-produced content.[35]
G&E Studio is 60% owned by Guoguang Century Media, a Beijing firm completely owned by the CRI. James Su is president and CEO of G&E Studio, which distributes CRI content to more than a dozen radio stations inside the United States.[4]
Media related toChina Radio International at Wikimedia Commons| International | |
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