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Chi Zeta Chi

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American medical fraternity (1903–1929)

Chi Zeta Chi
ΧΖΧ
Chi Zeta Chi badge, 1927
Founded	October 4, 1903; 121 years ago (October 4, 1903) University of Georgia Medical Department
Type	Professional
Affiliation	Independent
Status	Merged
Merge date	April 6, 1929
Successor	Phi Rho Sigma
Emphasis	Medicine
Scope	National
Motto	Seeking Knowledge Our Highest Pursuit
Colors	Gold and Purple
Flower	White carnation
Chapters	27
Headquarters	United States

Chi Zeta Chi (ΧΖΧ) was an American medical fraternity that was established at the University of Georgia (nowMedical College of Georgia) in 1903.^[1] It merged withPhi Rho Sigma Medical Fraternity in 1929.^[2]

History

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Chi Zeta Chi was established by Dr. Jesse Ainsley Griffin at the Medical Department of the University of Georgia on October 4, 1903.^[1]^[3] Griffin was a medical doctor in Augusta, Georgia who believed the southern medical schools needed a "high class fraternity".^[4] Membership was limited to white males who had completed the first year of medical school.^[1] The founding members were:^[3]^[5]

N. Whatley W. Battey Jr.^[6]
Guy Talmadge Bernard
John B. Carter Jr.
William Hampton Galloway
Jesse Ansley Griffin

John Moore Sigman
John W. Simmons Jr.
Rembert Hugo Thigpen
Hugh Rutledge Tison
William Preston Turner Jr.

With the assistance of Battey, Griffin expanded the fraternity to the College of Physicians and Surgeons ofColumbia University and the New York Polyclinic Medical College.^[4] The fraternity held its first conference in Atlanta in April 1905 with delegates from the first six chapters.^[3] Later that year, Phi Beta Phi medical fraternity offered to absorb Chi Zeta Chi; the latter declined the offer.^[3]

Originally, Chi Zeta Chi named its chapters after a distinguished physician related to the chapter's host institution.^[1] However, the fraternity adopted a new naming system based on the Greek alphabet at its third annual convention on January 8, 1909.^[3]

The fraternity was overseen by a Supreme Council and its designated Grand Council.^[4] It also had a regent for each state which it called a province.^[4]

By 1927, the fraternity had installed 27 collegiate chapters; however, eight were defunct because their host institution closed and seven were inactive.^[1] On April 6, 1929, in Cincinnati, Chi Zeta Chi signed an agreement to merge intoPhi Rho Sigma Medical Fraternity.

Symbols

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The lettersΧΖΧ in the fraternity's name stood forChrisanthenes Zono Chrismon or "Seeking Knowledge Our Highest Pursuit".^[7]

The fraternity's colors were gold and purple.^[8] Its flower was the white carnation.^[8] The fraternity's badge consisted of two triangles superimposed on each other to create a six-pointed star.^[8] The lower triangle was base up and gold, with the Greek letterΧ in the upper two corners andΖ in the lower corner, in black enamel. The upper triangle was base down and had a black enamel background that had an inlaid gold skull and crossbones above the Greek wordiatros, meaning physician.^[8] The top triangle has a border of pearls and amethyst or ruby in each corner.^[9]

Chi Zeta Chi also had a grand chapter badge which was a solid gold key engraved with the fraternity's coat of arms on a square flare.^[8] Its pledge pin was a round purple plaque made of celluloid that featured two hollow triangles, like those of the badge, outlined in gold.^[8] The fraternity also had an identification badge that was a replica of the coat of arms in bronze.^[8]

Chapters

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Collegiate chapters

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Following are the chapters of Chi Zeta Chi.^[1]^[3] Inactive chapters at the time of the merger, and inactive institutions are indicated initalics.

Chapter	Original name	Chartered date and range	Institution	Location	Status	Reference
Alpha	Milton Antony	October 4, 1903 –April 6, 1929	University of Georgia Medical Department	Augusta, Georgia	Merged	^[10]^[a]
Beta	Francis Delafield	May 1904–1919	Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons	New York City, New York	Inactive	^[b]
Gamma	J. Marion Sims, Prime	June 1904–1905	New York Polyclinic Medical College	New York City, New York	Inactive
Delta	Louis McLane Tiffany	October 14, 1904 –April 6, 1929	University of Maryland Medical Department	Baltimore Maryland	Merged	^[c]
Epsilon	W. F. Westmoreland Sr.	October 25, 1904 –October 1913	Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons	Atlanta, Georgia	Consolidated	^[4]^[d]^[e]
Zeta	Edmund Rhett Walker	October 14, 1905 – 1913	Baltimore Medical College	Baltimore, Maryland	Consolidated	^[4]^[f]
Eta	William Osler	1905–1906	Johns Hopkins University Medical Department	Baltimore, Maryland	Inactive
Theta	Richard Douglas	May 1906–1919	Vanderbilt University Medical Department	Nashville, Tennessee	Inactive
Iota	J. Marion Sims, Bis.	1906–1907	South Carolina Medical College	Charleston, South Carolina	Inactive	^[g]
Kappa	Crawford W. Long	November 1, 1906 –October 1913	Atlanta School of Medicine	Atlanta, Georgia	Consolidated	^[4]^[d]
Lambda	Heber Jones	October 14, 1906 –April 6, 1929	University of Tennessee Medical Department	Memphis, Tennessee	Merged	^[11]^[h]^[i]
Mu	Stanford Emerson Chaillé	November 1906 –April 6, 1929	Tulane University Medical Department	New Orleans, Louisiana	Merged	^[j]
Nu	James Anthony Dibrell	November 15, 1906 –April 6, 1929	University of Arkansas Medical Department	Little Rock, Arkansas	Merged	^[12]^[k]
Xi	William Beaumont	November 26, 1906 –April 6, 1929	St. Louis University Medical Department	St. Louis, Missouri	Merged	^[l]
Omicron	John D. Hodges	January 6, 1906 –April 6, 1929	Washington University in St. Louis Medical Department	St. Louis, Missouri	Merged	^[m]
Pi	James M. G. Carter	December 6, 1907 – 1909	University of Illinois College of Physicians and Surgeons	Chicago, Illinois	Inactive
Rho	John S. Lynch	February 1, 1908 – 1915	Baltimore College of Physicians and Surgeons	Baltimore, Maryland	Consolidated	^[4]^[f]
Digamma colony	Norman Bridge	October 1908–1909	University of Southern California	Los Angeles, California	Inactive	^[n]
Sigma	Willam W. Johnston	February 25, 1908 – 1914	George Washington University Medical Department	Washington, D.C.	Inactive
Tau	J. Marion Sims, Ter.	March 14, 1908 – 1910; 1922 –April 6, 1929	Jefferson Medical College	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	Merged	^[o]
Upsilon	James. J. Walsh	May 20, 1908 – 1921	Fordham UniversityMedical Department	New York City, New York	Inactive	^[p]
Phi	Daniel Drake	November 8, 1908 – 1915	Lincoln Memorial University Medical Department	Knoxville, Tennessee	Inactive	^[h]
Chi	John Cowell MacEvitt	February 16, 1909 – 1914	Long Island Hospital Medical College	Brooklyn, New York	Inactive
Psi	Arthur Holmes	February 26, 1910 –April 6, 1929	Medical College of Virginia	Richmond, Virginia	Merged	^[q]
Omega		January 2, 1911 – 1913	Birmingham Medical College (laterUniversity of Alabama)	Birmingham, Alabama	Inactive
Alpha Alpha		October 1913 –April 6, 1929	Emory University School of Medicine	Atlanta, Georgia	Merged	^[4]^[d]^[r]
Beta Beta		May 28, 1921 –April 6, 1929	University of Oklahoma College of Medicine	Norman, Oklahoma	Merged
Upsilon Upsilon		November 12, 1921 –April 6, 1929	Baylor University Medical Department	Dallas, Texas	Merged
		1924 –April 6, 1929	Wake Forest University	Winston-Salem, North Carolina	Merged	^[s]

^This chapter organized in 1902, becoming the first fraternity of the medical school. In 1929, it became theChi Alpha chapter ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^Chapter went defunct during World War I.
^Delta chapter consolidated withZeta in 1913 andRho in 1915. In 1929, it became theChi Gamma chapter" ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^^a ^b ^cKappa andEpsilon combined in 1915 as the newAlpha Alpha chapter when the Atlanta School of Medicine merged with the Atlanta College of P & S to form the Medical Department at Emory University.
^This chapter was originally called theW. F. Westmoreland Sr. chapter but was changed to theRobert Battey chapter. Later, it became theEpsilon chapter.
^^a ^bChapter consolidated withDelta chapter when the Baltimore Medical College merged with the University of Maryland.
^Chapter officially ended when South Carolina passed an anti-fraternity law. It did operate sub-rosa for a time but was not recognized by the fraternity's Supreme Council. Later, it became theChi Delta chapter" ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^^a ^bPhi chapter consolidated withLambda chapter when Lincoln Memorial University merged with the University of Tennessee in 1914.
^The chapter originated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons which was absorbed by the University of Tennessee College of Medicine in Memphis in 1911. In 1929, it became theChi Epsilon' chapter" ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^In 1929, this chapter merged with theDelta Omicron Alpha chapter ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^In 1929, it became theChi Zeta chapter" ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^Chapter was formed at the Marion Sims-Beaumont Medical College which became the Medical Department at St. Louis University. In 1929, it became theChi Eta chapter" ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^In 1929, this chapter merged with theAlpha Delta chapter ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^This chapter was organized but went defunct before it was chartered when the University of Southern California Medical School merged with the University of California Medical School. As a result, it was given an intercalary name instead of the planned Rho prime or Beta Rho.
^In 1929, this chapter merged with the 'Rho chapter ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^Chapter went dormant when Fordham closed its medical department.
^In 1929, this chapter merged with theUpsilon chapter ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^In 1929,Alpha Alpha chapter became theChi Beta chapter ofPhi Rho Sigma with the national merger of the two fraternities.
^After the merger of Chi Zeta Chi withPhi Rho Sigma in 1929, the latter had aChi Theta chapter at Wake Forest University, indicating that this chapter existed. However, its name and documentation still need to be verified.

Alumni chapters

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Following is a list of Chi Zeta Chi alumni chapters:^[13]^[14]

Chapter	Chartered	Location	Status	References
Atlanta Alumni	October 14, 1909	Atlanta, Georgia	Inactive	^[a]
Memphis Alumni	December 1911	Memphis, Tennessee	Inactive
Augusta Alumni	December 1912	Augusta, Georgia	Inactive
Knoxville Alumni	December 26, 1912	Knoxville, Tennessee	Inactive
New York Alumni	February 4, 1913	New York City, New York	Inactive
St. Louis Alumni	1920	St. Louis, Missouri	Inactive	^[b]
Baltimore Alumni	January 3, 1920	Baltimore, Maryland	Inactive
Florida State Alumni	1921	Florida	Inactive
Missouri State Alumni	1922	Missouri	Inactive
Hot Springs–Little Rock Alumni	Before 1923	Hot Springs andLittle Rock, Arkansas	Inactive
New Orleans Alumni	Before 1923	New Orleans, Louisiana	Inactive

^Chapter was rechartered in 1922 to modernize its original charter.
^The St. Louis Alumni chapter applied for its chapter in the fall of 1915. It was approved in December 1915 but was not issued until 1920.

Notable members

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Bradbury Robinson, football player and physician

References

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^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^fShepardson, Francis W., ed. (1927).Baird's Manual American College Fraternities: A Descriptive Analysis With a Detailed Account of Each Fraternity (11th ed.). Menasha, Wisconsin: George Banta Publishing Company. pp. 434 – via Google Books.
^"Welcome to Phi Rho Sigma Medical Society".Phi Rho Sigma Medical Society. Retrieved2023-04-07.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^fToomey, Thomas Noxon (1923). "The History of the Fraternity".The Chi Zeta Chi Medical Fraternity "national" A Retrospect and a Prospect: An Official Document. St. Louis: Chi Zeta Chi Fraternity. p. 12-17. – via Google Books.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱToomey, Thomas Noxon (1923).The Chi Zeta Chi Medical Fraternity "national" A Retrospect and a Prospect: An Official Document. St. Louis: Chi Zeta Chi Fraternity. p. 5 – via Google Books.
^"Chi Zeta Chi Convention".The Medical Collegian.1 (4): 11. January 1916.
^Knight, Lucian Lamar (1917).A Standard History of Georgia and Georgians. Vol. 2. Lewis publishing Company. p. 2930.ISBN 978-5-87666-730-4 – via Google Books.
^Toomey, Thomas Noxon (1923).The Chi Zeta Chi Medical Fraternity "national" A Retrospect and a Prospect: An Official Document. St. Louis: Chi Zeta Chi Fraternity. p. 11 – via Google Books.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^gToomey, Thomas Noxon (1923).The Chi Zeta Chi Medical Fraternity "national" A Retrospect and a Prospect: An Official Document. St. Louis: Chi Zeta Chi Fraternity. p. 8 – via Google Books.
^"Chi Zeta Chi Medical Fraternity Pin".Worthpoint. Retrieved2023-04-07.
^"History of the Medical College of Georgia".Augusta University. Retrieved2023-04-07.
^Batesel, Paul."College of Physicians and Surgeons of Memphis".America's Lost Colleges. Retrieved2023-04-07.
^"Student Activities".UAMS College of Medicine. Retrieved2023-04-07.
^Toomey, Thomas Noxon (1923).The Chi Zeta Chi Medical Fraternity "national" A Retrospect and a Prospect: An Official Document. St. Louis: Chi Zeta Chi Fraternity. p. 9 – via Google Books.
^Toomey, Thomas Noxon (1923). "Alumni Chapters".The Chi Zeta Chi Medical Fraternity "national" A Retrospect and a Prospect: An Official Document. St. Louis: Chi Zeta Chi Fraternity. p. 17-18. – via Google Books.

External links

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Photograph of badge, Worthpoint

v t e Professional fraternities and sororities organizations and members
Currently active members of the Professional Fraternity Association	Alpha Zeta Alpha Kappa Psi Alpha Rho Chi Alpha Phi Omega Alpha Chi Sigma Alpha Omega Epsilon Delta Chi Xi Delta Epsilon Mu Delta Theta Phi Delta Kappa Alpha Delta Omicron Delta Sigma Pi Delta Sigma Chi Epsilon Nu Tau Theta Tau Kappa Epsilon Kappa Epsilon Psi Kappa Eta Kappa Kappa Kappa Psi Kappa Lambda Chi Kappa Psi Lambda Kappa Sigma Mu Beta Phi Mu Phi Epsilon Pi Sigma Epsilon Rho Pi Phi Sigma Alpha Sigma Alpha Iota Tau Beta Sigma Phi Alpha Delta Phi Beta Phi Gamma Nu Phi Delta Epsilon Phi Delta Chi Phi Sigma Pi Phi Chi Theta
Former and formerly active members of the Professional Fraternity Association or its predecessors: Professional Panhellenic Association or Professional Interfraternity Conference	Alpha Delta Theta Alpha Delta Sigma Alpha Kappa Kappa Alpha Sigma Alpha Alpha Tau Delta Alpha Omega Beta Alpha Psi Gamma Eta Gamma Gamma Iota Sigma Delta Epsilon Iota Delta Sigma Delta Delta Psi Kappa Epsilon Eta Phi Zeta Phi Eta Theta Kappa Psi Theta Sigma Upsilon Theta Sigma Phi Iota Sigma Pi Kappa Alpha Pi Kappa Beta Pi Kappa Delta Epsilon Kappa Phi Kappa Nu Sigma Nu Xi Psi Phi Omicron Delta Kappa Omicron Nu Pi Lambda Theta Sigma Delta Chi Sigma Nu Phi Sigma Sigma Sigma Sigma Phi Delta (now social) Phi Beta Gamma Phi Beta Pi Phi Delta Delta Phi Delta Gamma Phi Delta Kappa Phi Delta Pi Phi Delta Phi (now honor society) Phi Epsilon Kappa Phi Lambda Kappa Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia (now social) Phi Rho Sigma Phi Upsilon Omicron Phi Chi Chi Beta Phi Psi Omega Omega Tau Sigma Omega Upsilon Phi Pershing Rifles Scabbard and Blade Scarab
North American Interfraternity Conference	Alpha Gamma Rho Alpha Gamma Sigma
Active independent professional fraternities	Alpha Gamma Kappa Alpha Zeta Omega Alpha Eta Rho Alpha Iota Alpha Psi Gamma Epsilon Tau Delta Sigma Theta Delta Theta Sigma Delta Kappa Gamma Delta Kappa Phi Delta Phi Epsilon Kappa Gamma Psi Kappa Pi Nu Beta Epsilon Phi Delta Kappa (sorority) Phi Sigma Gamma Phi Psi Chi Delta Mu Chi Eta Phi Block and Bridle Queens' Guard
Inactive independent professional fraternities	Aleph Yodh He Alpha Epsilon Iota Alpha Tau Sigma Chi Zeta Chi Delta Omicron Alpha Pi Delta Nu