Chhachh چھچھ Chach | |
|---|---|
 A village of Chhach near Attock | |
  Chhachh Chhachh (Pakistan) Show map of Pakistan | |
| Coordinates:33°53′00″N72°22′00″E / 33.88333°N 72.36667°E /33.88333; 72.36667 | |
| Country |  Pakistan |
| Province | Punjab |
| District | Attock District |
| Tehsil | Hazro Tehsil |
| Demonym | Chhachhi |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| • Summer (DST) | +6 |
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Chhachh orChach[a] is analluvial plain located in the northernPunjab, Pakistan. Triangular in shape, Chhachh is bounded by the left bank ofIndus to the northwest,Gandghar range to the east and the highlands along theGrand Trunk Road to the south,[1] covering an area of some 200 mi2 (520 km2). Administratively a part ofHazro Tehsil ofAttock District, Chhachh is reputed to be the most fertile in Punjab.[1][2][3][4]
Chhachh has been identified as theChukhsa country ofGandhara in theTaxila copper plate inscription. The area is mentioned in various epigraphic material, such as the Taxila copper plate inscription, where it is described as a territory of theScythian rulerLiaka Kusulaka.[5]
Chach has been identified as the Chukhsa country of the Taxila copper plate inscription.[5] The Chhachh region is located at the historical region of Gandhara Civilization, the ancientIndo-Aryan civilization. Later the region was ruled byKabul Shahis, followed byHindu Shahis.[6] Many rulers such asAlexander the Great,Mahmud of Ghazni,Timur,Nader Shah andBabur and their armies crossed the Indus River at or about this region in their respective invasions of India.[7]
A silver jug found at Taxila indicates thatZeionises was the "satrap of Chuksa, son of Manigula, brother of the great king", but who this king was remains uncertain.[8]
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TheBattle of Chach was fought in 1008 AD between theGhaznavid army of SultanMahmud of Ghazni and the Hindu Shahi army ofAnandapala, resulting in the latter's defeat. TheGakhars became vital in the hills to the east, but their dominion never extended beyond theMargalla Pass. Ghakhars were defeated by the Kashmiri rulerSultan Shihabu’d-din nearOhind and continued underKashmiri rule until the conquest ofBabur.[9]
TheBattle of Attock (also known as Battle of Chuch) took place on 13 July 1813 between theSikh Empire and theDurrani Empire.[10] The battle was the first significantSikh victory over the Durranis.[11]
DuringBritish Rule the region became part of Attock Tehsil; the municipality of Attock which was created in 1867 and theNorth-Western Railway connected the town toLawrencepur. The town is surrounded by rich cultivation, and from 20th century had a flourishing trade, chiefly intobacco andsugar.[6]
Chhachh is 7 km (4 mi) off thePindi-Peshawar GT road. Chach is on the edge of Punjab's border withKhyber Pakhtunkhwa. It is 20.4 km fromAttock city and 22.9 km fromTopi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It is bounded on the north and west by the Indus River and is about 19 miles (31 km) long (from east to west) and 9 miles (14 km) broad.[12]
Chhachh is a plain which rolls from theHazara-Punjab hills south toKamra, and from east of the River Indus to the broken lands near Lawrencepur.
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Attock".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 886.24°43′59″N68°30′00″E / 24.733°N 68.500°E /24.733; 68.500
