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Chaya Mushka Schneerson

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wife of Rebbe Menachem Mendel Schneerson (1901–1988)
For the wife of the third Lubavitcher Rebbe, seeChaya Mushka Schneersohn.

Rebbetzin
Chaya Mushka Schneerson
Chaya Schneerson in the late 1950s
BornMarch 16, 1901
Babinovichi, Mogilev Governorate, Russian Empire[1]
DiedFebruary 10, 1988(1988-02-10) (aged 86)
New York City, U.S.
Resting placeOld Montefiore Cemetery, Queens, New York City, U.S.
SpouseMenachem Mendel Schneerson
FatherYosef Yitzchak Schneersohn

Chaya Mushka (Moussia) Schneerson (Yiddish:חיה מושקא שניאורסאן; March 16, 1901 – February 10, 1988), referred to byLubavitchers asTheRebbetzin, was the wife ofMenachem Mendel Schneerson, the seventh and lastrebbe (spiritual leader) of theChabad-Lubavitch branch ofHasidic Judaism. She was the second of three daughters of the sixth Lubavitcher rebbe,Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn. She was named after the wife of the third Lubavitcher rebbe,Menachem Mendel Schneersohn.

Biography

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Early life

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Chaya Mushka Schneerson's grave

She was born inBabinovichi, near the city ofLubavitch on Shabbat, the 25th ofAdar of the year 5661 (March 16, 1901 (NS); March 3, 1901 (OS)). At the request of her grandfather, the fifth Lubavitcher rebbeSholom Dovber Schneersohn, she was named Chaya Mushka after her great-great-grandmother, the wife ofMenachem Mendel Schneersohn.[2] She lived in Lubavitch until the autumn of 1915 whenWorld War I forced her family to flee toRostov. In 1920, on the death of her grandfather, her own father succeeded as the sixth Lubavitcher rebbe.

In May 1924, she moved with her family toLeningrad, where her father was forced to go after several years of being singled out for persecution by the localJewish section of the Communist Party in Rostov.[3] In the autumn of 1927, her father was imprisoned for disseminatingTorah observance, and she participated in successful efforts to have him released. His sentence was commuted to exile,[4] and Chaya Mushka accompanied her father toKostroma.[5] After his release, the Schneersohn family escaped theSoviet Union forRiga, Latvia.

Marriage

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In 1928, she married her distant cousin,Menachem Mendel Schneerson inWarsaw, and they went to live in Berlin, where he studied at a local university. After theNazis came to power in 1933, the couple fled toParis. When Germanyinvaded France in 1940, they escaped on theSerpa Pinto – the last passenger ship to cross theAtlantic Ocean before aU-boat blockade began. They settled in theCrown Heights section ofBrooklyn, New York, where many Lubavitcher Hasidim had preceded them. However, her younger sister Shaina Horenstein and Shaina's husband, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Horenstein, were trapped in occupied Poland and murdered by theGermans atTreblinka.

In 1950, her father died and her husband was formally appointed the seventh Lubavitcher rebbe.[6]

In thecourt case over ownership of theChabad Library, she testified according to the Chabad website: "My father, along with all his books, belong to the Chassidim."[7]

Death

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She died on February 10, 1988,22nd of Shevat, 5748.[8]

Soon after her death, her husband founded a charitable organization,Keren Ha'Chomesh (Chomesh is an acronym of Chaya Mushka Schneerson), primarily working in women's religious, social and educational programs. A campus of theBais Rivka girls' school ("Campus Chomesh") was also named after her.

References

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  1. ^"Thursday, Adar II 25, 5727 / April 6, 1967 - Jewish Calendar - Hebrew Calendar". RetrievedNovember 24, 2023.
  2. ^Birth – Jewish History – Chabad.org
  3. ^https://yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Rostov-on-Don "With the establishment of Soviet authority, the local Evsektsiia in the 1920s promoted the closure of Jewish institutions; it also persecuted Zionist and religious leaders, above all, Yosef Yitsḥak Shneerson. The Tomkhe Temimim yeshiva, initially closed in 1921, survived clandestinely until May 1924, when Yosef Yitsḥak was compelled to move to Leningrad."
  4. ^Encyclopedia of Hasidism, entry: Schneersohn, Joseph Isaac. Naftali Lowenthal. Aronson, London 1996.ISBN 1-56821-123-6
  5. ^Ami Magazine Features Spread on the Rebbetzin – CrownHeights.info
  6. ^"A Brief Biography of the Rebbetzin - Rebbetzin Chaya Mushka (Moussia) Schneerson - Chabad.org". RetrievedNovember 24, 2023.
  7. ^Her Name – Jewish History – Chabad.org
  8. ^Goldman, Ari L. (February 11, 1988),"Chaya Schneerson, Wife of the Leader Of the Lubavitchers",The New York Times

Bibliography

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  • The Rebbetzin Chaya Mushka Schneersohn. A Brief Biography. Merkos L'Inyonei Chinuch: New York, 1999, 2004.ISBN 0-8266-0101-4

External links

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Schneersohn family tree
Shneur Zalman[i]
(1745–1812)		Shterna
Shalom Shachna[ii]Devorah Leah
(d. 1792)		Dovber[iii]
(1773–1827)		Sheina
Menachem Mendel[iv]
(1789–1866)		Chaya Mushka
(d. 1860)
Baruch Shalom
(1805–1869)		Shmuel[v]
(1834–1882)		Yosef Yizchak[vi]
(1822–1876)		Yisroel Noah[vii]
(1815–1883)		Chaim Schneur Zalman[viii]
(d. 1879)		Yehuda Leib[ix]
(1811–1866)
Levi Yitzchak
(1834–1878)		Shalom Dovber[x]
(1860–1920)		Shterna Sara
(1860–1942)		Avraham
(1860–1937)		Yitzchak Dovber[xi]
(1833–1910)		Shlomo Zalman[xii]
(1830–1900)		Shalom Dovber[xiii]
(d. 1908)		Shmaryahu Noah[xiv]
(1842–1924)
Baruch Schneur
(d. 1926)		Yosef Yitzchak[xv]
(1880–1950)		Nechama Dina
(1881–1971)		Levi Yitzchak[xvi]
(d. 1904)
Levi Yitzchak
(1878–1944)		Chana
(1880–1964)
Menachem Mendel[xvii]
(1902–1994)		Chaya Mushka
(1901–1988)
  Light green indicates aHasidic Rebbe of theChabad-Lubavitch dynasty
  Light purple indicates a Hasidic Rebbe of theChabad-Kapust dynasty
  Light orange indicates a Hasidic Rebbe of theChabad-Niezhin dynasty
  Light blue indicates a Hasidic Rebbe of theChabad-Liadi dynasty
  Light yellow indicates a Hasidic Rebbe ofAvrutch dynasty

Solid lines indicate parents/children, dashed lines show marriages, dotted lines show in-laws. Additional members of Schneersohn family are not listed here

Notes:
  1. ^Founder and first Rebbe of Chabad, known as Shneur Zalman of Liady
  2. ^Surname Altschuler
  3. ^2nd Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Dovber Schneuri and the Middle Rebbe
  4. ^3rd Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Tzemach Tzedek, first to assume the surname "Schneersohn"
  5. ^4th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Maharash
  6. ^Rebbe in Avrutch
  7. ^1st Rebbe of Chabad-Niezhin
  8. ^1st Rebbe of Chabad-Liadi
  9. ^1st Rebbe of Chabad-Kapust, known as Maharil of Kapust
  10. ^5th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Rashab
  11. ^2nd Rebbe of Chabad-Liadi, known as Maharid
  12. ^2rd Rebbe of Chabad-Kapust
  13. ^3rd Rebbe of Chabad-Kapust, known as Rashab of Rechitsa
  14. ^4th Rebbe of Chabad-Kapust
  15. ^6th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Rayatz
  16. ^3rd Rebbe of Chabad-Liadi, Levi Yitzchak Guterman, son-in-law of Chaim Schneur Zalman Schneersohn
  17. ^7th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, uses the spelling of "Schneerson"
References:
  • Schneersohn, Yosef Yitzchak; Schneerson, Menachem Mendel (2005).Hayom Yom: Bilingual Edition. Brooklyn, NY: Kehot Publication Society.ISBN 0-8266-0669-5.
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