| Chapora | |
|---|---|
 Ruins of Fort Chapora in Goa | |
  Location within Goa | |
| General information | |
| Country | India |
| Coordinates | 15°36′N73°46′E / 15.60°N 73.76°E /15.60; 73.76 |
| Completed | 1617; 408 years ago (1617) |
Chapora Fort (Konkani pronunciation:[ʃɑːpoːɾɑː],Devanagari: शापोरा), located inBardez,Goa, rises high above theChapora River. The site is the location of a fort built byAdil Shahi dynasty ruler Adil Shah and called Shahpoora, whose name was altered to Shapora (chapora) by Malvankar on the request of the Portuguese . It is now become a popular tourist spot and offers a view north across the Chapora river toMorjim
The fort changed hands several times after Portuguese acquired Bardez. Trying to end the Portuguese rule in Goa, theMarathas in 1683 and made this place his base camp.[citation needed] It became the northernoutpost of theOld Conquests. After the Portuguese recovered from an encounter with theMarathas, they strengthened their northern defenses and provided shelter to the people there.
Across the Chapora river, theHindu ruler ofPernem, the Maharaja ofSawantwadi who was an old enemy of the Portuguese held the fort for two years. The Portuguese came in 1717, and carried out extensive repairs of the fort, adding features like bastions and a tunnel that extended to the seashore and banks of theChapora River for emergencies. The fort fell toBhonsle in 1739.[1] In 1741, the Portuguese regained the fort when the northerntaluka of Pernem was handed over to them. In 1892, they completely abandoned the fort.[2] When Goa's border moved northwards with the acquisition of Pernem as part of theNew Conquests, the fort lost its military significance towards the end of the century.
The Chapora fort[3] sits on a prominent position which commands views in all directions. It also has steep slopes on all sides. The fort follows the outline of the higher slopes. This forms an irregular outer wall that uses the natural form to add defensive height to the fortifications. This offers an advantage overdry ditches being dug. At the top of the steep approach track, the main gate is small and unpretentious, but narrow and deep. Depending on defense requirements, the positions ofbastions are irregularly spaced with enormousembrasures forcannon. Each bastion has a cylindricalturret offering a special character to the fort.
Inside the fort, the church, once dedicated toSt. Anthony, has disappeared and inside only a few signs exist of thebarracks and housing that once filled this vast area. The wide expanse of open space is only a tumble of stones, where a few herds of goats graze and cashew bushes grow. A natural valley to the beach protected by rockypromontories provides an excellent natural access to the sea.
The Fort of Chapora got popularized by the movieDil Chahta Hai (Starring Amir Khan, Saif Ali Khan, and Akshaye Khanna) and is now a prime attraction ofGoa.[4]
15°36′22″N73°44′11″E / 15.60611°N 73.73639°E /15.60611; 73.73639
