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| Company type | State-owned | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISIN | CNE000000R36  | ||||||
| Industry | Automotive | ||||||
| Founded |
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| Headquarters | , China | ||||||
Area served | Worldwide | ||||||
Key people |
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| Products | Motor vehicles | ||||||
Production output | 2,683,798 (2024)[1] | ||||||
| Parent | SASAC | ||||||
| Subsidiaries |
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中国长安汽车集团有限公司 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中國長安汽車集團有限公司 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | China Changan Automobile Group Limited Corporation | ||||||
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| Website | Official website | ||||||
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China Changan Automobile Group Co., Ltd.[2](CCAG) is a Chinese centralstate-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered inJiangbei,Chongqing.[3] Changan Automobile traces its origins back to 1862 whenLi Hongzhang set up a military supply factory, the Shanghai Foreign Gun Bureau. However, it was not until 1959 when the factory was repurposed to manufacture the Changjiang Type 46 Jeep that it became an automobile manufacturer.[4][5]
The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such asAvatr,Deepal, Changan and Kaicene, as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures, such asChangan Ford andChangan Mazda. In 2021, its own brands contributed 76% of its sales (1.75 million, including 1.2 million passenger vehicles).[6] Its principal activity is the production of passenger cars,microvans, commercial vans and light trucks.[7]
A subsidiary of Changan, Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd.(SZSE:000625), is listed on theShenzhen Stock Exchange (but is also state controlled).[3]
Changan's early origins can be traced back to 1862 whenLi Hongzhang set up a military supply factory, the Shanghai Foreign Gun Bureau. In 1863, it was renamed the Suzhou Arsenal. By 1865, Li Hongzhang relocated the Suzhou Arsenal to Nanjing, and became the largest arsenal in China at the time, known as the Jinling Arsenal.[8]
By 1899, it had grown into a major arms production center, equipped with nearly a thousand machines and employing 1,700 artisans, solidifying its position as one of China's primary military manufacturing hubs.
In 1937, when theSecond Sino-Japanese War broke out, as Shanghai fell and Nanjing faced imminent threat, Nationalist government decided to relocate Jinling Arsenal westward to Chongqing[9] After relocating, it was renamed the 21st Arsenal.[8]
In 1951, the 21st Arsenal was renamed the State-Owned Factory 456 under the Central Bureau of Military Industry. This marked a significant transition in its organizational structure, aligning it with the newly established administrative framework of the People's Republic of China. The renaming reflected the factory's continued importance in national defense and industrial production during the early years of the PRC.[8]
In 1959 a predecessor entity, Chongqing Changan Arsenal, under contract to the government, began auto manufacturing and builtChangjiang Type 46 which was the first production vehicle ofChina.[10]
In 1984, Changan entered a significant phase of transformation by signing a technical trade cooperation agreement with Japan'sSuzuki Motor Corporation. This partnership focused on the development of mini vehicles and engines, marking a pivotal step in the company's evolution. On November 15, 1984, the first batch of Changan-branded vehicles—the SC112 mini van and the SC110 mini truck—rolled off the production line. It marks the official transition of Changan from a military enterprise to a civilian vehicle manufacturer.[11][8]
In 2009, Changan acquired two smaller domestic automakers,Hafei andChanghe.[12] In 2013,Changhe was transferred toJiangxi provincial government for restructuring, and later became a majority-owned subsidiary of another Chinese automakerBAIC Group.[13]
As of 2010, China Weaponry Equipment is theparent company of this state-owned automaker,[14] and that year Changan became the fourth most-productive car manufacturer in theChinese automobile industry by selling 2.38 million units.[15]
The company also released a new logo for its consumer offerings in 2010 while commercial production retains the former red-arch brand.[7]
Although it only allowed the company to achieve fourth place among domestic automakers in terms of production, Changan made over 2 million whole vehicles in 2011.[16]
In 2012, it was reported that 72% of production was dedicated to passenger vehicles,[17] but this count likely conflates private offerings andmicrovans, tiny commercial trucks and vans that are popular in China.[original research?]
In November 2012, Changan Ford Mazda Automobile was divided into two new joint venture companies as part ofFord's divestment from Mazda: Changan Ford and Changan Mazda.[18]
In October 2017, Changan said it plans on ending production of vehicles powered solely by internal-combustion engines by 2025, as the automaker will be selling only plug-in hybrid vehicles and all-electric vehicles from 2025 as a result of climate change and air pollution issues in China as well as stringent emissions regulations. The company stated that this is becauseGovernment of China announced that it has passed legislation that will ban new ICE-powered vehicles by the mid-2030s, due to high air pollution and due to China's reiterated commitment in the United NationsParis Agreement as the automaker wants to remain compliant with the government's automotive emission standards. The automaker is joiningVolvo Cars,Jaguar Land Rover,FAW Group,BYD Auto,Lotus Cars, and several other automakers in planning on ceasing production of ICE-powered vehicles in the coming years.[19]
In December 2023,Huawei announced it plans to move core technologies and resources in its smart car unit to a new joint venture with Changan. The new brandAvatr Technology, formerly the Changan-Nio, will engage in research and development, production, sales and service of intelligent automotive systems and component solutions. Changan and its affiliates plan to acquire no more than 40 percent of the new company's equity, with the specific amount of capital contribution and term to be separately negotiated between the two parties.[20][21]
On 9 February 2025, Changan Automobile andDongfeng Motor both announced that they were both in the process of potentially merging with other unnamed state-owned enterprises, sparking rumors that the two conglomerates would be merged with Dongfeng becoming the dominant partner.[22][23] Later on 4 June 2025, Changan and Dongfeng both announced that they no longer had plans for mergers.[24][25][26]
On 5 June 2025, theState Council announced that it would spin off the automotive business entity ofChina South Industries Group Corporation, the Changan Automobile, into an independent central state-owned enterprise that directly under the management ofState-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (SASAC).[24] The spin-off marks the substantial decoupling of the long-standing close ties of Changan's military-industrial background and it will officially be elevated to aSub-Ministerial-Level Enterprise.[27]
In July 2025, China Changan Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Changan Automobile's new legal independent legal entity after being spun off was established, becoming the 100th central state-owned enterprise and the 3rd automotive enterprise underSASAC and first central state-owned enterprise inChongqing. The new company was registered in Chongqing with capital of 20 billion yuan. Zhu Huarong, the former president of Changan Automobile, was appointed as the legal representative and chairman by SASAC.[28][29] Later on 29 July 2025, the founding ceremony of China Changan Automobile Group Co., Ltd. was held in Chongqing.[30][31]
Changan produces and markets vehicles primarily under 5 brands:[35]
Changan is the main brand of China Changan Automobile Group. Its products lines cover entry-level and medium level price range passenger vehicles include cars, SUVs, and pickups.
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Changan Nevo (长安启源) is the entry level EV line under the Changan brand, launched in 2023. Models initially include the A05 compact sedan, the A06 compact sedan, and the A07 midsize sedan. The A06 is a rebadgedChangan UNI-V with restyled front and rear ends.[36] The A05 is a rebadgedChangan Yida with restyled front and rear ends.[37]
Deepal (Chinese nameShenlan) is EV brand owned by Changan Automobile. The company was originally named Chongqing Changan New Energy Automobile Technology founded in 2018 and became an independent brand since 2023.
Avatr Technology is a premium EV brand Changan joint-ventured with battery providerCATL and multiple Chinese domestic foundations, technology supported byHuawei.[38]
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Changan Kaicene (长安凯程) is the commercial vehicle line under the Changan brand. Products mostly includes vans, light trucks, and pickups.
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| Year | Total[a] | Changan[b] | Deepal | Avatr | Oshan | JMH (Landwind) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 1,239,990 | 1,047,983 | - | - | - | 192,007 |
| 2011 | 1,025,233 | 816,627 | - | - | - | 208,606 |
| 2012 | 1,053,645 | 841,137 | - | - | - | 212,508 |
| 2013 | 1,152,537 | 901,270 | - | - | - | 251,267 |
| 2014 | 1,363,487 | 1,055,630 | - | - | - | 307,857 |
| 2015 | 1,504,936 | 1,199,053 | - | - | - | 305,883 |
| 2016 | 1,682,741 | 1,304,612 | - | - | - | 378,129 |
| 2017 | 1,597,543 | 1,215,406 | - | - | - | 382,137 |
| 2018 | 1,270,100 | 729,067 | - | - | 192,745 | 348,288 |
| 2019 | 1,331,802 | 849,552 | - | - | 153,258 | divested |
| 2020 | 1,503,604 | 978,398 | - | - | 113,820 | |
| 2021 | 1,754,707 | 1,009,822 | - | - | 194,381 | |
| 2022 | 1,874,569 | 1,125,048 | 33,354 | 757 | 222,030 | |
| 2023 | 2,097,794 | 1,432,543 | 136,912 | 27,589 | discontinued | |
| 2024 | 2,226,489 | 1,350,784 | 243,894 | 73,606 |
Like most major Chinese automakers, Changan partners with Western and Japanese companies to produce and sell the products of these foreign firms in China. It also partners with other companies within China to augment manufacturer capacity and share development costs.
Changan currently participates in the following joint ventures:
In 2001,Changan Ford was formed[46] and initially built Ford-branded passenger vehicles fromcomplete knock down kits.[10]
Making Chinese-market versions of Ford consumer offerings,[7] its 2010 dealer network was thought to include manyshowrooms in second- and third-tier Chinese cities[citation needed] such as Chongqing.[47] So-called second- and third-tier cities are large and medium-sized cities not among the top four in terms of population and contribution toGDP.[48]
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Chongqing Kuayue Automobile is a co-operative venture between Changan and Chongqing Kuayue Group specializing in commercial vehicle production.[49]
The group builds commercial vehicles for Changan primarily under the Kuayue and Kaicene brands.
Kuayue commercial vehicles rebranded asMamut in former Soviet countries.
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Jiangling Motor Holding Co. Ltd. (simplified Chinese:江西江铃控股有限公司;traditional Chinese:江西江鈴控股有限公司;pinyin:Jiāngxī Jiānglíng Kònggǔ Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī), also known by the initialism JMH, was a joint venture established in October 2004 and controlled equally by Changan andJMCG. To create Jiangling Motor Holding Changan invested money and in exchange JMCG transferred itsJiangling Motors Corporation (JMC) equity to the venture. Jiangling Motor Holding was the largest shareholder of JMC,[52] with a 41.03% stake as of March 2018.[53] JMH also owned theLandwind marque.[52][54]
In April 2019, it was announced that JMCG and Changan planned to split JMH into two separate companies: one keeping the same name and other tentatively called Jiangling Investment. Jiangling Investment would hold the 41.03% JMC stake and some liabilities and would still be equally owned by Changan and JMCG. The new JMH would own the rest of the former JMH assets (including Landwind)[55][56] and it would issue 100% more shares to be sold to investors, leaving JMCG and Changan with a 25% stake each.[56] Jiangling Investment was formally established in May 2019, completing the split of the former JMH.[57] In June 2019, it was announced that the investor for the new JMH was the car manufacturerAiways. Aiways acquired a 50% of the new JMH with the aim of securing production permits fornew energy vehicles.[58][59]
Hafei, officiallyHafei Motor Co., Ltd. (Chinese:哈飞汽车), is a Chinese automaker currently operating as a subsidiary ofChangan Ford, and manufacturing passenger vehicles.[60][61]
In 2015, Changan announced it would discontinue all Hafei production and convert existing lines to serveChangan Ford.[62][60][61]
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Oshan (Chinese: 欧尚) was a passenger car brand under Changan Automobile. It was originally known as the Changan Commercial Vehicles, the division which focus on micro vans and light trucks. The brand was renamed to Oshan in April 2017 and began to produce passenger vehicles since.
In 2024, Changan decided to cease the operation of Oshan brand and merge the product line and sales channel into Changan brand.[63]
Changan and the French car manufacturerPSA Peugeot Citroën agreed in 2010 to set up a 50/50 passenger car and light commercial vehicle-makingjoint venture.[64] Named CAPSA, it was the PSA Group's second joint venture company in China, afterDongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile, and its first with Changan.[65] Centering on a newly built production base in Shenzhen, it was estimated that initial production capacity for the project will be 200,000 units/year.[66] Manufacturing commenced in 2014, with China specificCitroën DS models; theDS 5LS first and then theDS 6WR.[67] The venture was dissolved in 2020.
Technical and commercial cooperation withSuzuki Motors, beginning in 1983, saw Changan assembling inexpensive commercial trucks (originally theSuzuki Carry ST90 as the Changan SC112[68]) under license into the 2000s.[69] The two companies formedChongqing Changan Suzuki Automobile Co in 1993,[46] which built licensed versions of theSuzuki Alto,Suzuki Cultus, and more recently theSwift.
In parallel with its Suzuki joint venture, Changan also continued to build small trucks and vans for commercial use based on the 1999 Suzuki Carry license, but independently developed vehicles are quickly replacing them.[69] These small cars carry the Changanbrand name although Suzuki technology is used in their design and manufacture.
On 4 September 2018, Suzuki transferred its 50 percent stake in Changan Suzuki to Changan Automobile Group, ending 25 years of joint venture. Under the plan, Changan would continue to make and sell Suzuki-branded cars in China under license.
In 2021, Changan Suzuki was renamed to Chongqing Lingyao Automobile.[70]
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Changan has four major production bases (inthe City of Chongqing,Hebei province,Jiangsu province, andJiangxi province),[citation needed] eleven automobile production bases, and two engine production bases inmainland China[71] for a more-current total of 21 vehicle-making bases including newer sites inAnhui province,Guangdong province,Heilongjiang province,Shandong province, andShanxi province.[citation needed]
A planned 300,000 units/year capacity mini-vehicle production base inHefei,Anhui province, should see completion in 2011.[citation needed] Production capacity figures may consider engines and vehicles as discrete.
An existing R&D center inBeijing[72] will soon be joined by a passenger car production base inFangshan District,Beijing, which will become operational in 2012.[citation needed]
Changan has numerous sites in thecity of Chongqing. A Changan-Ford plant and another, planned Changan-Ford plant (which may produce engines[73]) are joined by a Chongqing-based R&D center[72] and an industrial park inYubei,Chongqing.[citation needed]
An industrial park inHebei province may continue to be Changan controlled.[citation needed]
AHarbin,Heilongjiang province, R&D center, is now a Changan asset.[72] It may have been owned byHafei prior.
A Changan-Ford plant and an industrial park[citation needed] inNanjing,Jiangsu province, comprise Changan operations in this province.
A planned Changan commercial vehicle production base inNanchang, capital ofJiangxi province, will produceJMC and Ford-branded vehicles[73] and join an R&D center[72] as a second facility in this province. The latter facility may be a formerChanghe asset.
Changan has an R&D center in this coastal city.[72]
The company maintains four factories in international markets and several overseas R&D centers. Changan had an assembly plant in Poteau, Oklahoma, piecing together products sold under theTiger Truck brand from 2007 to 2010.[74] The Changan CS35 is built inLipetsk region of Russia since 2016.[75] Also Changan vans and pickup trucks were assembled atGanja Auto Plant in Ganja city, Azerbaijan in 2005.
Changan has built a production facility inKarachi, Pakistan. It is a joint venture withMaster Motors with an investment of US$100 million. This plant makes right hand drive passenger vehicles for Pakistan as well other right hand drive markets. The first "Made in Pakistan" unit of Changan rolled out on 2 May 2019. With a manufacturing capacity of 30,000 cars per year, this facility is Changan's first to produce right hand drive cars.[76]
Changan has over 7,000 engineers and researcher working in R&D facilities inChongqing,Beijing,Shanghai andHarbin,[77]Turin, Italy,[72] andYokohama, Japan.[72] It set up two more in 2011. These are located inBirmingham (originally was set up inNottingham), United Kingdom, andDetroit, United States.[78] The Detroit center opened in early 2011, and its office was moved to Plymouth 2015.[79][80]
The name "Changan" originated from "Chongqing Changan Arsenal", the predecessor entity in defense industry in 1950s, which literally means "Long Lasting Peace".[8]Changan is also the name ancient Chinese capital of Tang Dynasty.
It was first used in its first light commercial truck, the Changan-brand SC112, which was based on theSuzuki Carry mini-truck introduced from Japan in the 1980s.[8]
(in Chinese)| Brands |
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| Joint ventures |
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| Current models |
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| Discontinued models | |||||||
 Constituents of theSZSE 100 Index | |
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