Chōshi 銚子市 | ||||||||
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 Flag  Seal | ||||||||
 Location of Chōshi in Chiba Prefecture | ||||||||
  Chōshi | ||||||||
| Coordinates:35°44′4.7″N140°49′36.4″E / 35.734639°N 140.826778°E /35.734639; 140.826778 | ||||||||
| Country | Japan | |||||||
| Region | Kanto | |||||||
| Prefecture | Chiba | |||||||
| First official recorded | 728 AD[citation needed] | |||||||
| City established | February 11, 1933 | |||||||
| Government | ||||||||
| • Mayor | Shinichi Koshikawa (since 17 May 2013) | |||||||
| Area | ||||||||
• Total | 84.19 km2 (32.51 sq mi) | |||||||
| Population (December 1, 2020) | ||||||||
• Total | 59,174 | |||||||
| • Density | 700/km2 (1,800/sq mi) | |||||||
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) | |||||||
| Phone number | 0479-24-8181 | |||||||
| Address | 1-1 Wakamiyachō, Chōshi-shi, Chiba-ken 288-8601 | |||||||
| Climate | Cfa | |||||||
| Website | Official website | |||||||
| Symbols | ||||||||
| Fish | Sardine | |||||||
| Flower | Ōmatsuyoigusa(Oenothera erythrosepala) | |||||||
| Tree | Sazanka | |||||||
Chōshi (Japanese:銚子市,romanized: Chōshi-shi,pronounced[tɕoːɕi]) is acity located inChiba Prefecture,Japan. As of 1 December 2020[update], the city had an estimatedpopulation of 59,174 in 27,160 households and apopulation density of 700 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,800/sq mi).[1] The total area of the city is 84.19 km2 (32.5 sq mi).
Chōshi is located in the northeastern part of Chiba prefecture, about 65 kilometers from the prefectural capital atChiba and 90 to 100 kilometers from central Tokyo.Cape Inubō, within the city, is the easternmost point in theKantō region. Chōshi is noted for its dramatic sea coast on thePacific Ocean.[2] TheTone River runs through the northern part of the city. Takagami Atagoyama (elevation 73.6 meters) is the highest peak.
Chiba Prefecture
Ibaraki Prefecture
Chōshi has ahumid subtropical climate (KöppenCfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Chōshi is 15.8 °C (60.4 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,712.4 mm (67.42 in) with October as the wettest month. The temperature is highest on average in August, at around 25.5 °C (77.9 °F), and lowest in January, at around 6.6 °C (43.9 °F).[3]
| Climate data for Chōshi (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1887−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) | 24.0 (75.2) | 23.3 (73.9) | 25.9 (78.6) | 29.5 (85.1) | 30.9 (87.6) | 34.8 (94.6) | 35.9 (96.6) | 33.7 (92.7) | 30.6 (87.1) | 24.8 (76.6) | 23.4 (74.1) | 35.9 (96.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.1 (50.2) | 10.3 (50.5) | 12.8 (55.0) | 17.0 (62.6) | 20.5 (68.9) | 23.0 (73.4) | 26.6 (79.9) | 28.6 (83.5) | 25.9 (78.6) | 21.5 (70.7) | 17.3 (63.1) | 12.7 (54.9) | 18.9 (65.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.6 (43.9) | 6.9 (44.4) | 9.7 (49.5) | 13.8 (56.8) | 17.4 (63.3) | 20.2 (68.4) | 23.5 (74.3) | 25.5 (77.9) | 23.4 (74.1) | 19.2 (66.6) | 14.4 (57.9) | 9.3 (48.7) | 15.8 (60.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.9 (37.2) | 3.3 (37.9) | 6.4 (43.5) | 10.7 (51.3) | 14.8 (58.6) | 17.9 (64.2) | 21.2 (70.2) | 23.3 (73.9) | 21.3 (70.3) | 16.8 (62.2) | 11.1 (52.0) | 5.7 (42.3) | 12.9 (55.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) | −7.3 (18.9) | −4.3 (24.3) | −0.2 (31.6) | 4.3 (39.7) | 10.2 (50.4) | 13.0 (55.4) | 15.9 (60.6) | 11.2 (52.2) | 4.5 (40.1) | −1.3 (29.7) | −4.6 (23.7) | −7.3 (18.9) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 105.5 (4.15) | 90.5 (3.56) | 149.1 (5.87) | 127.3 (5.01) | 135.8 (5.35) | 166.2 (6.54) | 128.3 (5.05) | 94.9 (3.74) | 216.3 (8.52) | 272.5 (10.73) | 133.2 (5.24) | 92.9 (3.66) | 1,712.4 (67.42) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | trace | trace | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | trace |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 7.1 | 7.6 | 11.7 | 10.9 | 10.0 | 10.9 | 8.9 | 6.3 | 10.5 | 12.0 | 9.5 | 7.3 | 112.7 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 1 cm) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 62 | 64 | 68 | 74 | 82 | 88 | 90 | 87 | 84 | 77 | 72 | 66 | 76 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 179.8 | 159.0 | 168.9 | 183.0 | 188.9 | 142.3 | 174.0 | 221.3 | 159.0 | 137.9 | 140.1 | 163.7 | 2,017.8 |
| Source:Japan Meteorological Agency[4][3] | |||||||||||||
Per Japanese census data,[5] the population of Chōshi in 2020 is approximately 58,000.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 55,459 | — |
| 1930 | 66,411 | +19.7% |
| 1940 | 74,571 | +12.3% |
| 1950 | 90,398 | +21.2% |
| 1960 | 91,470 | +1.2% |
| 1970 | 90,415 | −1.2% |
| 1980 | 89,416 | −1.1% |
| 1990 | 85,138 | −4.8% |
| 2000 | 78,698 | −7.6% |
| 2010 | 70,210 | −10.8% |
| 2020 | 58,431 | −16.8% |
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Chōshi has been noted as a fishing port since ancient times. Thecommercial fishing andsoy sauce industries were developed in Chōshi by theTokugawa shogunate during theEdo period (1603–1868). Their development continued in the early industrialization of Japan in theMeiji period (1868–1912). The town of Chōshi was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. Noted soy sauce producerYamasa was incorporated in 1928, and Higeta in 1932. Chōshi was elevated to city status on February 11, 1933.[6]
Chōshi was a center of industrial unrest in the early 20th century; there were numerous strikes and labor disputes at the soy sauce factories, and residents attacked the government offices in 1930 over heavy taxation and unaccounted expenditures by municipal authorities.[6]
Chōshi was an important military target duringWorld War II due to its fishing industry and canneries. Before and during the war, Chōshi was Tokyo's main food supplier. The firstair raid on Chōshi byUSAAFB-29 Superfortress bombers took place on March 10, 1945 causing minor damage. This was followed by the Chōshi Air Raid of July 19, 1945, during which time over 150 B-29s rained bombs on the city, destroying 33.8% of the urban area, killing 1,181 civilians and destroying 5,142 homes.[6][7] The city was bombed again on August 1, 1945. EmperorHirohito made an official visit to the ruined city on June 6, 1946, after thesurrender of Japan.
Chōshi has amayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and aunicameral city council of 18 members. Chōshi contributes two members to the Chiba Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part ofChiba 10th district of thelower house of theDiet of Japan.
Chōshi is known as a center ofsoy sauce production. Production methods were introduced to Chōshi in 1616 fromSettsu Province, and later fromKii Province, both near theSeto Inland Sea.[2] Soy sauce manufacturers Higeta and Yamasa are based in Chōshi.[8] The Port of Kashima in nearbyKashima City,Ibaraki Prefecture, is utilized to import soybeans for use in soy sauce production. The remains of soybeans not used in soy sauce production in Chōshi are returned to Kashima for production intofeed for livestock.
The city is home to the Chōshi Fishing Port. Its catches ofsardines,bonito, andtuna are the largest in Chiba Prefecture.[9]Wind power is actively being developed off the rugged coast of Chōshi[10] for use in the city and the greaterTokyo Metropolitan Area.Amber is also found in the area.
Chōshi Electric Railway Company –Choshi Electric Railway Line
Chōshi is home toInubōsaki Lighthouse, completed in 1874 by ScotsmanRichard Henry Brunton, as well as numerous historic temples, includingEnpuku-ji andMangan-ji.
Chōshi has twosister cities:
Coos Bay, Oregon, United States
Legazpi,Albay, Philippines[11] | This sectiondoes notcite anysources. Please helpimprove this section byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged andremoved.(May 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
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