Cervignano del Friuli (Friulian:Çarvignan, locallySarvignan;Latin:Cervenianum;Slovene:Červinjan) is acomune (municipality) in theRegional decentralization entity of Udine, inFriuli-Venezia Giulia,Italy. It is the most important town ofBassa Friulana. It lies at about 12 kilometres (7 mi) from the Laguna di Grado and at about 18 kilometres (11 mi) from theAdriatic Sea; from the point of view of viability, its position is peculiar since it lies at the junction of the SS14, linkingVenice toTrieste, and the SS352, linkingUdine toGrado. Nevertheless, it is in Cervignano that the railroad fromAustria, passing throughTarvisio and Udine, ends, and is linked to the one from Venice to Trieste. Itsfrazione (borough) of Strassoldo is one ofI Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").[3]
Cervignano was born with the foundation ofAquileia in 181 B.C. by the Romans Lucio Manlio Acidino, Publio Scipione Nasica and Caio Flaminio, sent from Rome to defeat the barbarians menacing the eastern borders of Italy. As usual, the territory near Aquileia was populated, in order to establish a settlement in the area.
Some documents of 912 read aboutCerveniana orCirvignanum: the name comes from the name of an ancient Roman family,Cervenius orCervonius, with the suffix-anus to mean the ownership of the land where Cervignano was born. The name, however, was wrongly linked to the Latin wordcervus (or to the Italiancervo), meaning "deer", and evoking a large wood populated by deers; for that reason, a deer can be seen in the left section of the borough shield. The right section of the shield is an anchor, a reference to the ancient harbour on theAusa river, relevant for the economic life of the town.
During the 11th century an abbey for theOrder of Saint Benedict was built. It was dedicated to Saint Michael Archangel and it was controlled by the monastery of Aquileia and by the Count ofGorizia. In 1420 Cervignano was conquered by Venice and in 1521 returned to the County of Gorizia with the Worms Treaty. In 1615 was conquered by Venice during theWar of Gradisca but it was for a very short period. The town became part of Italy afterWorld War I.
In 1923 the municipality became part of the Province of Udine, along with other municipalities in the same area, and today still belongs to it.
