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| Certosa di Padula | |
|---|---|
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 Interactive map of Certosa di Padula | |
| Type | Monastery |
| Location | Padula,Campania, Italy |
| Coordinates | 40°20′14″N15°39′07″E / 40.33722°N 15.65194°E /40.33722; 15.65194 |
| Official name | Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park with the Archaeological sites ofPaestum andVelia, and the Certosa di Padula |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | iii, iv |
| Designated | 1998(22ndsession) |
| Reference no. | 842 |
| Region | Europe and North America |
Padula Charterhouse (Italian:Certosa di Padula, Certosa di San Lorenzo di Padula) is a largeCarthusian monastery, or charterhouse, located in the town ofPadula, in theCilento National Park, inSouthern Italy. It is aWorld Heritage Site.
The monastery is the largest in Italy. Its building history covers 450 years, but the principal parts of the buildings are inBaroque style. It is a very large monastery, comprising 51,500 m2 (12.7 acres), with 320 rooms and halls.
Padula Charterhouse was founded by Tommaso di San Severino on 27 April 1306 on the site of an earlier monastery. It is dedicated toSaint Lawrence, and its architectural structure supposedly recalls thegriddle-iron upon which the saint was burnt alive.
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The monastery has the biggestcloister in the world, covering 12,000 m2 (2.97 acres) and surrounded by 84 columns. A famous spiralstaircase of whitemarble inside an annex leads to the large library.
According to the strict Carthusian distinction betweencontemplation and work, there are two distinct places for these practices: on the one hand the peaceful cloisters, the library with its fine Vietri ceramic tiled floor, the chapels decorated with fine inlaid marble works. The altar frontals in most of the chapels are inlaid, not with marble, but with some of the most spectacular 18th. centuryscagliola work ever created. This is the highest concentration of such work in one place. One of the centres of production was in Naples. the cloister orchards; and on the other hand the large kitchen,[1] the cellars with their enormous wine vats, the laundries, and the huge external yards, where there were people working in the stables, ovens, stores, and at the olive oil mill. The yards were used for productive activities and for trade between the charterhouse and the external world.
The monastery also houses the archaeological museum of Western Lucania, which preserves a collection of all the finds unearthed in the excavations at thenecropolis ofSala Consilina andPadula. This museum represents a period of time ranging fromprotohistory to theHellenistic Age.
The building has also played a role in the military history of Italy. It served as French headquarters during theNapoleonic Wars, then as a base ofGaribaldi's Southern Army during theRisorgimento, finally, as an internment camp for prisoners during the World War 1 and World War 2. It was here that theCzechoslovak Legion in Italy was established in 1917.
