The Cercanías division of Renfe was created in 1989 on the advice of engineer and transit plannerJavier Bustinduy (es; 1949–2016), as part of a major effort to massively increase ridership, frequencies and hence attractiveness of commuter rail systems in Spain.Cercanías systems are gradually in the process of being transferred to the regionalautonomous governments; the first such system to be transferred was the management of the former Cercanías Barcelona/Rodalia Barcelona to theGovernment of Catalonia and renaming to "Rodalies de Catalunya" in 2010. The second, and last so far, was the transfer of both Basque systems,Bilbao andSan Sebastián (and the right to declare a third inÁlava) to theBasque Government in 2025. The MadridCercanías network was the target of the2004 Madrid train bombings. The attacks, which killed 191 people in Santa Eugenia, El Pozo andAtocha stations, were the bloodiest terrorist actions in Spain to date.
List ofCercanías /Rodalies /Rodalia /Aldiriak systems
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