 | |
| Company type | Federal state unitary enterprise |
|---|---|
| Industry | Defense industry Space industry Aerospace industry |
| Founded | 1946 |
| Headquarters | , Russia |
| Products | Full-range research and design of rocket and spacetechnology (RST). |
| Revenue | $206 million[1] (2014) |
| Parent | Roscosmos[2] |
| Website | tsniimash |
TsNIIMash (Russian:ЦНИИмаш) is a Russianrocket andspacecraft scientific center, dealing with all phases of development from conceptual design to flight test. TheInstitute is the main analytical center of Roskosmos in the field of system-wide studies of the problems of the development of Russia's RKT with a wide range of tasks: from conceptual design and long-term prospects for the development of rocket and space technology to specific technological developments and their conversion in the interests of other industries. It was established in 1946.[3]
The name TsNIIMash is aninitialism forCentral Research Institute of Machine Building (Russian:Центральный научно-исследовательский институт машиностроения).
Originally calledNII-88 (Scientific-Research Institute No.88), the entity was established on May 13, 1946, located at what was then called Kaliningrad, Moscow Oblast (nowKorolyov), northeast ofMoscow. It was based onPlant No. 88 (full name:M.I. Kalinin Plant No. 88, producing artillery and tanks during WW2) and headed byDmitriy Ustinov who had successfully lobbied to control post-war research and development of rockets in late 1945.
Impressed by his work in Germany on the analysis of theV-2, Ustinov appointedSergey Korolev chief designer of section 3 on long-range missiles, later calledOKB-1. In 1956, OKB-1 was removed from NII-88 to become an independent bureau.
Helmut Gröttrup headed a group of German scientists working for the Soviets at Branch 1 of NII-88 located onGorodomlya Island. Their job was to help reconstruct a Russian Version of the V-2, called theR-1, after which they were returned to Germany. The facility was also spied on by AmericanU-2 spy planes in the late 1950s.
Other notable personnel includedKurt Magnus.
It was renamedCentral Research Institute of Machine Building in 1967.[4]
TsNIIMash performs the following activities:
On 21 July 2018,FSB raided offices of TsNIIMash andRoscosmos Research and Analytical Center and arrested ten employees suspected of passing classifiedhypersonic Russian missile technologies to Western intelligence agencies. Arrested are accused ofhigh treason.[11][12]
A senior researcher Sergey Meshcheryakov suspected of treason was put under house arrest in July 2019.[13]
On 22 April 2022 buildings at the site were damaged by a large fire.[14]
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