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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Vantin, others |
| Other names | Cefpodoxime proxetil |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a698024 |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 50% |
| Protein binding | 21% to 29% |
| Metabolism | Negligible. Cefpodoxime proxetil is metabolized to cefpodoxime by theliver |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 2 hours |
| Excretion | Kidney, unchanged |
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| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.210.871 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C15H17N5O6S2 |
| Molar mass | 427.45 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Cefpodoxime is an oral, third-generationcephalosporinantibiotic available in various generic preparations. It is active against bothGram-positive andGram-negative organisms with notable exceptions includingPseudomonas aeruginosa,Enterococcus, andBacteroides fragilis. It is typically used to treat acuteotitis media,pharyngitis,sinusitis, and gonorrhea. It also finds use as oral continuation therapy whenintravenous cephalosporins (such asceftriaxone) are no longer necessary for continued treatment.
Cefpodoxime inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls. It has an oralbioavailability of approximately 50%, which is increased when taken with food. It has an elimination half-life of 2-3 hours in adults, which is prolonged in renal failure. Approved indications include community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections.
It was patented in 1980 and approved for medical use in 1989.[1]
Cefpodoxime has been used to treat gonorrhoea, tonsillitis, pneumonia, and bronchitis. The following minimum inhibitory concentrations have been reported:[2]
Zoetis markets cefpodoxime proxetil under the trade name Simplicef for veterinary use, and Finecure inIndia markets the drug as Cefpo.[3][4]
Vantin (byPfizer)[5] in suspension or tablet form.
Toraxim (by Delta Pharma Ltd.,Bangladesh)
Trucef (byRenata Limited, Bangladesh)
Tricef (byAlkaloid Skopje,North Macedonia)
Orelox (bySanofi-Aventis)[6]
MAPDOX-CV: Combination cefpodoxime–clavulanic acid[by whom?]
MONOTAX O (cefpodoxime)/MONOTAX CV (cefpodoxime–clavulanic acid) byZydus Healthcare Ltd.
ACXIME 200/CV (by Allencia Biosciences, India)
POSTPOD-50 (cefpodoxime 50mg/5ml) by Laafon Galaxy Pharmaceuticals[7]