Fisher was two years old when her parents divorced in 1959 after it was revealed shortly following the death of Elizabeth Taylor's husband,Mike Todd, that Eddie Fisher had been having an affair with her.[25] Eddie Fisher and Taylor married that same year and divorced in 1964. Her father's third marriage, to actressConnie Stevens, resulted in the births of Fisher's two half-sisters,Joely Fisher andTricia Leigh Fisher. In 1960, her mother married Harry Karl, owner of a chain of shoe stores.[26][27] Reynolds and Karl divorced in 1973 when Fisher was 17 years old.[28]
Fisher "hid in books" as a child, becoming known in her family as "the bookworm".[29] She spent her earliest years reading classic literature and writing poetry. She attendedBeverly Hills High School until age 16, when she appeared as adebutante and singer in the hit Broadway revivalIrene (1973), also starring her mother.[30] Her time on Broadway interfered with her education, resulting in her dropping out of high school.[31] In 1973, she enrolled at London'sCentral School of Speech and Drama, which she attended for 18 months.[29][32] Following her time there, she was accepted atSarah Lawrence College, where she planned to study the arts. She later left without graduating.[33][34][35]
She was extremely smart; a talented actress, writer and comedienne with a very colorful personality that everyone loved. InStar Wars she was our great and powerful princess—feisty, wise and full of hope in a role that was more difficult than most people might think.
Fisher made her film debut in 1975 as the precociously seductive character Lorna Karpf in theColumbia Pictures comedyShampoo, filmed in mid-1974, when she was age 17.[6] In 1977, Fisher starred asPrincess Leia inGeorge Lucas'space opera filmStar Wars (later retitledStar Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) oppositeMark Hamill andHarrison Ford.[37] Though her fellow actors were not close at the time, they bonded after the commercial success of the film.[38]
Fisher withWim Wenders at a private party after the premiere of the movieF.I.S.T. in 1978
Fisher appeared in the filmThe Blues Brothers asJake's vengeful ex-lover; she is listed in the credits as "Mystery Woman".[43] While Fisher was in Chicago filming the movie, she choked on aBrussels sprout;Dan Aykroyd performed theHeimlich maneuver which "saved my life", according to Fisher.[44] She appeared on Broadway inCensored Scenes from King Kong in 1980. The same year, she reprised her role as Princess Leia inThe Empire Strikes Back, and appeared with herStar Wars co-stars on the cover of the July 12, 1980, issue ofRolling Stone to promote the film.[45] She also starred as Sister Agnes in the Broadway production ofAgnes of God in 1983,[46][47] a run which overlapped with her mother's appearance in the Broadway company ofWoman of the Year.[48][49]
Waxwork of Fisher as Princess Leia (and Jabba the Hutt) fromReturn of the Jedi,Madame Tussauds, London
In 1987, Fisher published her first novel,Postcards from the Edge. The book was semi-autobiographical in the sense that she fictionalized andsatirized real-life events such as her drug addiction of the late 1970s and her relationship with her mother. It became a bestseller, and she received the Los Angeles Pen Award for Best First Novel. Also during 1987, she was in the Australian filmThe Time Guardian. In 1989, Fisher played a major supporting role inWhen Harry Met Sally..., and in the same year she appeared withTom Hanks as his character's wife inThe 'Burbs.[6]
In addition to acting and writing original works, Fisher was one of the topscript doctors in Hollywood, working on the screenplays of other writers.[60][61] She did uncredited polishes on movies in a 15-year stretch from 1991 to 2005. She was hired by George Lucas to polish scripts for his 1992 TV seriesThe Young Indiana Jones Chronicles and the dialogue for theStar Wars prequel scripts.[60] Her expertise in this area was the reason she was chosen as one of the interviewers for the screenwriting documentaryDreams on Spec in 2007. In an interview in 2004, Fisher said she no longer did much script doctoring.[61]
Fisher wrote and performed in her one-woman playWishful Drinking at theGeffen Playhouse in Los Angeles from November 2006 to January 2007.[65] Her show then played throughout 2008 at theBerkeley Repertory Theater,[66]San Jose, the Hartford Stage,[67] theArena Stage[68] and Boston.[69] Fisher published her autobiographical book, also titledWishful Drinking, based on her successful play in December 2008 and embarked on a media tour. In 2009, Fisher returned to the stage with her play at theSeattle Repertory Theatre.[70]Wishful Drinking then opened on Broadway in New York atStudio 54 and played an extended run from October 2009 until January 2010.[71][72] In December 2009, Fisher's audiobook recording ofWishful Drinking earned her a nomination for a 2009Grammy Award in theBest Spoken Word Album category.[73]
Fisher joinedTurner Classic Movies hostRobert Osborne on Saturday evenings in 2007 forThe Essentials with informative and entertaining conversation on Hollywood's best films. She guest-starred in the episode titled "Sex and Another City" from season 3 ofSex and the City withSarah Jessica Parker. On October 25, 2007, Fisher guest-starred as Rosemary Howard on the second-season episode of30 Rock called "Rosemary's Baby", for which she received anEmmy Award nomination.[74] On April 28, 2008, she was a guest onDeal or No Deal.[75] In 2008, she also had a cameo as a doctor in theStar Wars-related comedyFanboys.
When asked if she was still working as a script doctor in December 2008, she said: "I haven't done it for a few years. I did it for many years, and then younger people came to do it and I started to do new things. It was a long, very lucrative episode of my life. But it's complicated to do that. Now it's all changed, actually. Now in order to get a rewrite job, you have to submit your notes for your ideas on how to fix the script. So they can get all the notes from all the different writers, keep the notes and not hire you. That's free work and that's what I always call life-wasting events."[76]
Fisher at the film premiere ofStar Wars: The Force Awakens atLeicester Square, London
In 2010, HBO aired a feature-length documentary based on a special live performance of Fisher'sWishful Drinking stage production.[77] At the time of her death, Fisher had been preparing a sequel to the one-woman play.[78]
Fisher appeared on the seventh season ofEntourage in the summer of 2010.[77] She was among the featured performers at theComedy Central Roast ofRoseanne, which aired in August 2012. In her monologue, Fisher poked fun at her own mental illness,[79] and her fellow roasters' reliance on weight and menopause jokes.[80] Fisher joked that she had no idea why she was asked to roast Roseanne, until "they explained that we were actually good friends, and that apparently we have worked together."[81] HostJane Lynch joked that Fisher was there to add perspective to Roseanne's struggles with weight and drugs. Fellow roasterWayne Brady poked fun at Fisher's career, saying she was the only celebrity "whose action figure is worth more than you are."[82]
In a March 2013 interview following the announcement that anew trilogy of films would be produced, Fisher confirmed that she would reprise her role as Princess Leia inEpisode VII of theStar Wars series. Fisher claimed that Leia was "Elderly. She's in an intergalactic old folks' home [laughs]. I just think she would be just like she was before, only slower and less inclined to be up for the big battle."[88] After other media outlets reported this on March 6, 2013, her representative said the same day that Fisher was joking and that nothing was announced.[89]
In a January 2014 interview, Fisher confirmed her involvement and the involvement of the original cast in the upcoming sequels by saying "as for the nextStar Wars film, myself,Harrison Ford andMark Hamill are expected to report to work in March or April. I'd like to wear my old cinnamon buns hairstyle again but with white hair. I think that would be funny."[90]
In March 2014, Fisher stated that she was moving to London for six months because that was whereStar Wars Episode VII filming would take place.[91] On April 29, 2014, the cast for the new sequel was officially announced, and Fisher, along with Harrison Ford, Mark Hamill,Peter Mayhew,Anthony Daniels, andKenny Baker, were all cast in their original roles for the film.Star Wars Episode VII, subtitledThe Force Awakens, was released worldwide on December 18, 2015. Fisher was nominated for a2016 Saturn Award forBest Supporting Actress for her portrayal.[92]
Fisher's memoir,The Princess Diarist, was released in November 2016. The book is based on diaries she kept while filming the originalStar Wars trilogy in the late 1970s and early 1980s.[98][99] Her audiobook recording of the memoir earned her the 2018Grammy Award forBest Spoken Word Album, awarded 13 months after her death.[100]
Fisher appeared as herself in the final episode of series 1 ofUrban Myths (2017) but the episode was never broadcast following objections by the Jackson family to Joseph Fiennes' portrayal of Michael Jackson in the episode.
Fisher was featured in the filmWonderwell withRita Ora, which was filmed in mid-2016 in Italy;[103] it received a limited theatrical release on June 23, 2023, followed by a digital release.[104]
In her 2016 autobiographyThe Princess Diarist, Fisher wrote that she andHarrison Ford had a three-month affair during the filming ofStar Wars in 1976.[105]
In 1980, she was briefly engaged to Canadian actor and comedianDan Aykroyd, who proposed to her on the set of their filmThe Blues Brothers. She said: "We had rings, we got blood tests, the whole shot. But then I got back together with Paul Simon."[108]
Fisher was married to Simon from August 1983 to July 1984, and they dated again for a time after their divorce.[109][108] During their marriage, she appeared in Simon's music video for the song "Rene and Georgette Magritte with Their Dog after the War". Simon's song "Hearts and Bones" is about their romance,[110][111] and she is referenced in his song "Graceland", which was written after their divorce.[112] Fisher said she felt privileged to appear in Simon's songs.[112]
Fisher subsequently had a relationship with theCreative Artists Agency's principaltalent agent,Bryan Lourd. Their only child,Billie Lourd, was born in 1992.Eddie Fisher stated in his autobiography (Been There Done That) that his granddaughter's name is Catherine Fisher Lourd and her nickname is "Billy". Carrie Fisher's relationship with Bryan Lourd ended when he left her for a man. In interviews, Fisher described Lourd as her second husband, but a 2004 profile revealed that she and Lourd were never legally married.[113]
Fisher had a close relationship with English singer-songwriterJames Blunt. While working on his albumBack to Bedlam in 2003, Blunt spent much of his time at Fisher's residence. WhenVanity Fair'sGeorge Wayne asked Fisher if their relationship was sexual, she replied: "Absolutely not, but I did become his therapist. He was a soldier. This boy has seen awful stuff. Every time James hears fireworks or anything like that, his heart beats faster and he gets 'fight or flight.' You know, he comes from a long line of soldiers dating back to the 10th century. He would tell me these horrible stories. He was a captain, a reconnaissance soldier. I became James' therapist. So it would have been unethical to sleep with my patient."[37]
On February 26, 2005, R. Gregory "Greg" Stevens, a 42-year-old lobbyist, was found dead in Fisher's California home. The finalautopsy report listed the cause of death as "cocaine andoxycodone use" but added chronic and apparently previously undiagnosed heart disease as contributing factors. Media coverage of an initial autopsy report used the word "overdose", but that wording is not in the final report.[114] In an interview, Fisher claimed that Stevens' ghost haunted her mansion, which unsettled her: "I was a nut for a year, and in that year I took drugs again."[37]
In her later years, Fisher had a petFrench bulldog named Gary, that she brought to numerous appearances and interviews.[115] Following her death, reports indicated that Fisher's daughter Billie Lourd would take care of Gary.[116]
Fisher described herself as an "enthusiasticagnostic who would be happy to be shown that there is a God."[117] She was raisedProtestant,[118] but often attendedJewish services (her father's faith) withJewish Orthodox friends.[119]
In 2016,Harvard College gave Fisher its Annual Outstanding Lifetime Achievement Award in Cultural Humanism, noting that "her forthright activism and outspokenness about addiction,mental illness, and agnosticism have advanced public discourse on these issues with creativity andempathy."[10]
Fisher was a supporter and advocate for several causes, including women's advocacy,[121] animal rights,[122] andLGBT causes.[123] She was open about her experiences caring for friends who hadAIDS, contributing financially to various AIDS and HIV organizations, including hosting a benefit foramfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research.[124] She also served as an honorary board member for the International Bipolar Foundation,[125] and, in 2014, received the Golden Heart Award for her work with TheMidnight Mission.[126]
She was a spokesperson forJenny Craig weight loss television ads that aired in January 2011.[127]
During appearances on20/20 andThe Secret Life of the Manic Depressive withStephen Fry, Fisher publicly discussed her diagnosis ofbipolar disorder and her addictions to cocaine andprescription medication.[128] She said her drug use was a form of self-medication; she used pain medication such asPercodan to "dial down" the manic aspect of her bipolar disorder.[129] She gave nicknames to her bipolar moods: Roy ("the wild ride of a mood") and Pam ("who stands on the shore and sobs").[130] "Drugs made me feel more normal", she explained toPsychology Today in 2001. "They contained me."[129] She discussed her 2008 memoirWishful Drinking and various topics in it withMatt Lauer onNBC'sToday that same year, and also revealed that she would have turned down the role of Princess Leia had she realized it would give her the celebrity status that made her parents' lives difficult.[131] This interview was followed by a similar appearance onThe Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson on December 12, 2008, where she discussed herelectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatments.[132] At one point, she received ECT every six weeks to "blow apart the cement" in her brain.[133] In 2014, she said she was no longer receiving the treatment. Her 2011 bookShockaholic describes these treatments.[134]
In another interview, Fisher revealed that she used cocaine during the filming ofThe Empire Strikes Back. "Slowly, I realized I was doing a bit more drugs than other people and losing my choice in the matter", she noted.[135] In 1985, after months of sobriety, she accidentally overdosed on a combination of prescription medication and sleeping pills.[136] She was rushed to the hospital, creating the turn of events that led to much of the material in her novel and screenplay,Postcards from the Edge. Asked why she did not take on the role of her story's protagonist, named Suzanne, in the film version, Fisher remarked, "I've already played Suzanne."[137]
After finishing the European leg of her book tour (her last TV appearance was on an episode of8 Out of 10 Cats in the United Kingdom, broadcast December 21, 2016), Fisher was on a commercial flight on December 23, 2016, from London to Los Angeles when she had a medical emergency around fifteen minutes before the aircraft landed.[138][a] A passenger seated near Fisher reported that she had stopped breathing;[141] another passenger performedCPR on Fisher until paramedics arrived at the scene. Emergency services in Los Angeles were contacted when the flight crew reported a passenger unresponsive prior to landing. Fisher was taken by ambulance to theRonald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, where she was placed on aventilator.[142][143]
On the morning of December 27, 2016, after being in intensive care for four days, Fisher died at the age of 60 at the UCLA Medical Center.[144] Fisher's daughter, Billie Lourd, confirmed her mother's death in a statement to the press.[142] Many of her co-stars and directors fromStar Wars and other works also shared their thoughts on her death.[145]
On January 9, 2017, theLos Angeles County Department of Public Health issued a death certificate that stated "cardiac arrest/deferred" as the cause of death, with more tests to be expected.[146] In a June 16, 2017 news release, the Los Angeles County coroner's office said that the exact cause of death could not be determined, butsleep apnea and the buildup of fatty tissue on the walls of arteries were among the contributing factors.[147] A full report from June 19, 2017, stated that Fisher hadcocaine in her system, as well as traces ofheroin, otheropiates, andMDMA. The report also stated that the investigation was unable to determine when she had taken the drugs and whether they contributed to her death.[148] Her daughter stated that Fisher "battled drug addiction and mental illness her entire life. She ultimately died of it. She was purposefully open in all of her work about the social stigmas surrounding these diseases.... I know my Mom, she'd want her death to encourage people to be open about their struggles."[149] In her 2008 workWishful Drinking, Fisher wrote that "no matter how I go, I want it reported that I drowned in moonlight, strangled by my own bra."[150] After Fisher's death, several news sources and magazines honored her request in their obituaries,[151][152] withBustle featuring a fantastical reimagining of Fisher's last moments as an ascent into space.[153]
On December 28, 2016, the day after Fisher's death, her mother, Debbie Reynolds, had astroke at the home of her son,Todd, where the family was planning Fisher's burial arrangements.[154] She was taken toCedars-Sinai Medical Center, where she died later that afternoon.[155][156] According to Todd, Reynolds had said, "I want to be with Carrie" immediately before she had the stroke.[157][158][b] On January 5, 2017, a joint private memorial was held for Fisher and Reynolds. Fisher wascremated while her mother was entombed. A portion of Fisher's ashes was placed beside Reynolds in a crypt atForest Lawn Memorial Park inHollywood Hills.[160] The remainder of those ashes are held in a giantnoveltyProzac pill.[161]
In the absence of a star for Fisher on theHollywood Walk of Fame after her death, fans created their own memorial using a blank star. Along with flowers and candles, words put on the blank star read, "Carrie Fisher / May The Force Be With You Always / Hope".[1] Fans also gathered at theYoda Fountain outside the Lucasfilm offices in San Francisco.[162] In June 2021, it was announced that Fisher would receive an official star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2022. She received the star on May 4, 2023, which wasStar Wars Day.[12][163]
In the video gameStar Wars: The Old Republic, thousands of fans paid tribute to Fisher by gathering at House Organa on the planetAlderaan where Fisher's character inStar Wars was raised.[164][165] Lightsaber vigils and similar events in Fisher's honor were held at variousAlamo Drafthouse Cinema theaters and other sites.[166][167][168] On January 6, 2017, the lights onBroadway inManhattan were darkened for one minute in honor of Fisher and her mother.[169] Fisher and Reynolds were also both featured in the89th Academy AwardsIn Memoriam segment.[170] On March 25, 2017, a public memorial for mother and daughter was held at the Hall of Liberty theater in Forest Lawn Memorial Park. The event was streamed live on Reynolds' website. On April 14, a special tribute to Fisher was held byMark Hamill during theStar Wars Celebration inOrlando.[171] The 2017 filmStar Wars: The Last Jedi was dedicated to her memory. On October 27, 2023, James Blunt released an album including a track called"Dark Thought" about the death of Fisher, who was a friend of his.[172]
During her almost five-decade-long career, Fisher had appearances in more than 50 films, as well as various television series, documentaries, late night talk shows, video games, and commercials. Her credits also include writing novels, screenplays, television specials and series episodes.
^Radio transmissions and emergency calls included the phrases "cardiac episode" and "cardiac arrest"; witnesses believed they had seen Fisher having a heart attack.[139] Several news outlets called the episode a "massive heart attack".[140]
^In an interview withABC News, Fisher later said that his mother "didn't die of a broken heart. ... It wasn't that she was sitting around inconsolable—not at all. She simply said that she didn't get to see Carrie come back from London. She expressed how much she loved my sister. She then said she really wanted to be with Carrie—in those precise words—and within 15 minutes from that conversation, she faded out. Within 30 minutes, she technically was gone."[159]
^"Debbie Reynolds Has Son".The New York Times. February 25, 1958. p. 24.Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. RetrievedDecember 29, 2016.The couple's first child, a daughter, Carrie Frances... Abstract; full article requires subscription.
^"Eddie Fishers Have Daughter".The New York Times.Associated Press. October 22, 1956. p. 25.Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. RetrievedDecember 30, 2016.BEVERLY HILLS, Calif., Oct. 21 — ...became parents of a daughter today after a hectic dash by car from Palm Springs. The couple left there at midnight for the 120-mile drive to St. Joseph's Hospital here. The baby was born almost three weeks ahead of time. Abstract; full article requires subscription.
^Byrne, James Patrick; Coleman, Philip; and Jason Francis King (2008).Ireland and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History: A Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia, Volume 2,ABC-CLIO, page 804.ISBN978-1-85109-614-5
^Fisher, Carrie (November 10, 2011).Shockaholic. Simon and Schuster. p. 47.ISBN978-0-85720-158-4.Archived from the original on April 4, 2023. RetrievedJanuary 12, 2023.
^"52nd Grammy Awards Nominees". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. December 3, 2009.Archived from the original on February 4, 2010. RetrievedDecember 3, 2009.
^"Carrie Fisher". Television Academy.Archived from the original on October 19, 2011. RetrievedDecember 26, 2011.
^Comedy Central Roast of Roseanne (Amazon Prime Video ed.).Comedy Central. August 12, 2012. Event occurs at 33:30–33:49.As you may have noticed about me ... I am mentally ill. But I am not the only one.
^Comedy Central Roast of Roseanne. Event occurs at 35:40–35:48.
^Comedy Central Roast of Roseanne. Event occurs at 32:55–33:06.
^Voss, Brandon (December 10, 2010)."Fisher Priceless".Advocate.com. Advocate.Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. RetrievedJanuary 21, 2017.
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