Captain Britain
Textless variant cover ofExcalibur (vol. 4) #14, depicting Brian Braddock as Captain Avalon (left) and Betsy Braddock as Captain Britain (right). Art by Jesus Saiz.
Publication information
Publisher	Marvel Comics
First appearance	Brian Braddock: Captain Britain #1 (October 1976) Betsy Braddock: Captain Britain #8 (December 1976) Debut as Captain Britain: Captain Britain (vol. 2) #13 (January 1986) Kelsey Leigh Kirkland: The Avengers (vol. 3) #77 (Mar. 2004) Debut as Captain Britain: The Avengers (vol. 3) #80 (May 2004)

Captain Britain is a title used by varioussuperheroes incomic books published byMarvel Comics, commonly in association withExcalibur. The moniker was first used in publication byBrian Braddock inCaptain Britain #1 by writerChris Claremont and artistHerb Trimpe,^[1] and is currently held by Brian's twin sister,Betsy Braddock.^[2]

The designation of the publisher's primary continuity asEarth-616 originated inDave Thorpe,Alan Davis andAlan Moore'sMarvel UKCaptain Britain stories. The strip also established the multiversalCaptain Britain Corps, members of which act as the champions of their own respective versions of the British Isles, which act as a nexus point between dimensions viaOtherworld.^[3]

Marvel UK, the British wing of Marvel Comics, had been established in 1972. In order to fit in with the style of British weeklies, titles such asThe Mighty World of Marvel consisted of reprinted Marvel material in an anthology magazine format, with much of the colour removed. However, these failed to make a major impression on the market, which was dominated by titles of original British material fromFleetway Publications andDC Thomson.^[4] In response, Marvel decided the line needed a British character as a flagship title. As Marvel UK itself was effectively a packaging operation at the time with no experienced creative staff^[5] the character was devised at Marvel's American headquarters.London-born^[5]Chris Claremont - at the time a rising star in the company following his successful work on the revival ofX-Men - was one of the fewAnglophiles on staff,^[6] and was assigned to the title. He came up with the name, origin and cast for the new title,Captain Britain. Art duties went to experiencedIncredible Hulk artistHerb Trimpe, who lived inCornwall at the time^[5] and would recall the 8-page strips typically only took him a couple of days to draw.^[4] The designer of the character's patriotic costume, complete withHeraldiclion rampant, is unknown; Trimpe has speculated it wasJohn Romita.^[4]

TheCaptain Britain title launched with some fanfare, even garnering reviews (albeit negative ones) inThe Financial Times^[5] andThe Daily Record.^[7]Captain Britain #8 would introduce Brian's twin sister, modelElizabeth "Betsy" Braddock, who was revealed to have psychic powers, with the following issue debutingJamie Braddock, their playboy racing-car-driving older brother. However, Claremont left the title after the tenth issue.^[4] His replacement wasGary Friedrich, best known for his role in the creation ofGhost Rider.^[4] Sales were moribund, andCaptain Britain went to black-and-white from #24 to cut costs, attempting to soften the blow with another free gift - Captain Britain's lesser-spotted 'Superjet'.Alan Davis would also recall that - unknown to the American creative team - the 'lion mark' had previously been used by theEgg Marketing Board to denote the quality of eggs, leading to many jokes at the character's expense (which is likely a bit of nonsense on Davis' part, as the lion on the eggs was an Heraldic "lion passant" (on three legs with a front paw raised) while that on the chest of Captain Britain is a "lion rampant" (rearing on the hind legs and pawing the air).^[8] In a 1986 article forAmazing Heroes, N.A. Collins named Captain Britain's first costume among the six worst male superhero looks in comic history up to that point, noting the "weird sunroof mask" and the "tacky Avon jewellery".^[9]

After 39 issuesCaptain Britain was merged with Marvel UK'sSpider-Man reprint title, at the time calledSuper Spider-Man.^[4] Meanwhile, Captain Britain had already appeared alongside Spider-Man in America. Claremont was working onMarvel Team-Up withJohn Byrne and decided to use the format as an introduction for Braddock via the device of him briefly rooming with Peter Parker. The two-issue storyline also saw the debut ofArcade and hisMurderworld.^[4] The character had been a conclusive failure for Marvel. As a result, they realised that they needed to recruit from the British comic scene, and in August 1978Stan Lee headhuntedDez Skinn. In what the specialist press called "the Marvel Revolution", Skinn insisted on funds being made available to make homegrown material.^[10] Among his efforts wasHulk Comic, a weekly styled like Marvel UK's rivals boys' comics. The title mixed reprints with new material, including a fantasy strip starring theBlack Knight.^[11] The serial was written bySteve Parkhouse, who was deeply interested in Celtic and Arthurian myths, also drawing on the works ofUrsula K. Le Guin,Larry Niven andJ. R. R. Tolkien. This gave a perfect opportunity to reintroduce Captain Britain, now under a British-based creative team, with veteranJohn Stokes on art duties, later joined byPaul Neary.^[12]

Skinn quit Marvel UK, with Neary taking over as the offshoot's editor-in-chief.^[13] Neary paused commissioning covers to free up resources to make a newCaptain Britain feature for flagship anthologyMarvel Superheroes. Even then he was only able to hire newcomers and turned to editorDave Thorpe, who had never written before, andAlan Davis, an acquaintance of Neary's who had only recently turned professional.^[8] Thorpe and Neary had already devised the idea of sending the character to a parallel Earth when Davis came on board. Davis was tasked with redesigning the lead character's costume with the stipulation to lose the clumsy sceptre, with the artist taking a cues from military uniforms in the new look and bulk out his physique. His unused concepts for the character would later be used for some of the Captain Britain Corps. The new team debuted inMarvel Super-Heroes #377, in September 1981;^[8] it had initially been advertised as appearing in #375, but was hit by delays.^[4]

Thorpe would fall out with Davis and Marvel after only a few months when he wrote a story featuring Captain Britain resolvingthe Troubles inNorthern Ireland. Neary backed the artist, leading to Thorpe leaving the strip.^[8] His replacement wasAlan Moore.^[8] The new team moved the strip in a darker tone, reconfiguring Jaspers as a powerful reality-warping mutant and introducing the unstoppable hero-killing cybioteThe Fury.^[4] Jackdaw was killed off, and inMarvel Super-Heroes #388 Captain Britain seemed to join him.^[4] This allowed the strip to cover the character's resurrection and history in a new title,The Daredevils, in January 1983. Despite both the new title and the ongoing strip receiving good notices,^[5] including anEagle Award,The Daredevils was a sales disappointment and was cancelled after 11 issues in November 1983, with Captain Britain transferring back to the relaunchedMighty World of Marvel. Following the conclusion of the "Jaspers' Warp" storyline in June 1984, Moore left the series.^[4] Meanwhile, the character was also selected for a sizeable role inMarvel Super Hero Contest of Champions, a crossover limited series published by Marvel UK's parent company. However, delays saw the title - originally created as to tie in with the1980 Summer Olympics - held back until 1982.^[14]

Davis would briefly take over writing the story himself until being joined byJamie Delano, an up-and-coming writer recommended by Moore, andMeggan was incorporated as a major supporting character.^[8] In January 1985 the serial was transferred back to a newCaptain Britain monthly series. Sales were initially respectable but began to fall, while Davis felt Delano wasn't interested in the superhero genre and was also finding his own time to be taken up by a lucrative role as artist for Captain Britain. Captain Britain meanwhile would appear as a guest character inCaptain America #305-306, with art from Neary.^[4][8]

When Claremont read the reinvigoratedCaptain Britain stories he was impressed with the development of the characters^[5] The result was Claremont and Davis creating the super-team Excalibur, picking up Captain Britain and Meggan from whereCaptain Britain had left them and adding X-Men refugeesNightcrawler,Shadowcat and theRachel Summers incarnation ofPhoenix. The group initially came together in the lavishExcalibur Special Edition in 1987, and soon became the stars of a regular series, with Captain Britain playing a major role. The success also led to Marvel printing a trade paperback compiling the material Davis had produced for the character after Moore's departure, which was coloured by several artists. Davis would redesign the character's costume again forExcalibur #13; previously it had largely been depicted in black-and-white, with Davis himself colouring the colour cover appearances. However, he found the American colourists were frequently making mistakes and so simplified it. Parallel to these storylines the character also appeared in new British material, featuring as a supporting character in Marvel UK'sKnights of Pendragon series.^[4]

Captain Britain was lost in the time-steam off-panel beforeExcalibur #68, and when he did return was rechristenedBritannic, with a redesigned costume.^[4]Warren Ellis became writer for the title in 1994, and one of his storylines involved revitalising Brian, who reclaimed the identity and costume of Captain Britain inExcalibur #100. However, Ellis would leave the series soon afterwards and his successorBen Raab swiftly ended the title. Sales were falling and the title was cancelled in 1998, ending with Brian returning to marry Meggan. Captain Britain then spent several years without a regular title, though in 2001 Raab wrote the four-issueExcalibur limited series that involved the Captain Britain Corps and ended with Braddock as King of Otherworld.^[4][15]

Brian was later featured as the team leader ofNew Excalibur in 2005, culminating with theX-Men: Die by the Swordlimited series. Following theSecret Invasion crossover, Brian headlined the 2008 seriesCaptain Britain and MI: 13, written byPaul Cornell, which included some characters fromNew Excalibur, as well as members ofMI: 13 who appeared in Cornell'sWisdom limited series. The character later appeared as a regular character in the 2010-2013Secret Avengers series, from issue #22 (April 2012) through its final issue #37 (March 2013), reappearing with the Avengers as a part of theTime Runs Out storyline.^[16]

Around the same time the character made his first appearance in a British-made comic since the end ofKnights of Pendragon whenPanini Comics, who had taken over Marvel UK following the latter's mid-1990s collapse following an ill-advised rapid expansion under Neary, began producing small indigenous strips for the young reader-orientatedSpectacular Spider-Man. Captain Britain guest-starred in #114, dated March 2005, and written by Jim Alexander with art by John Haward and a returning Stokes. Positive reader response saw a second appearance the following year inSpectacular Spider-Man #133.^[4]

During the 2019X-Men franchise relaunchDawn of X, following Brian's corruption byMorgan le Fey, Betsy Braddock claimed the mantle of Captain Britain in a new volume ofExcalibur written byTini Howard.^[17] Leading a new Excalibur roster includingGambit,Rogue,Jubilee,Rictor andApocalypse, the team comes into conflict with Morgan le Fey and the anti-mutant Coven Akkaba, as well asSaturnyne, who had usurped the role of omniversal magisitrix and refuses to accept Betsy as Captain Britain. DuringX of Swords, in which Apocalypse's secret plans of reuniting Krakoa with Arakko come to fruition, leading Saturnyne to arrange a tournament between both sides to avoid a war in Otherworld, Betsy is apparently killed in a duel withIsca the Unbeaten, shattering along with the Starlight Sword. Saturnyne reconstitutes the shards to revive the Captain Britain Corps, but is distraught when the new Captains Britain are variants of Betsy rather than of Brian. After the tournament, Betsy's consciousness becomes lost in the multiverse, returning with the assistance ofKwannon, during which the two begin to come to peace with their complicated relationship.^[18] After the revival of Morgan le Fey, Betsy leads Excalibur against Merlyn and King Arthur. As Avalon falls to Merlyn and Arthur, the mutants escape to Earth, severing the connection to Otherworld, while uses the Starlight Sword to return to the fight herself, knowing she will be trapped without the protection of Krakoan resurrection.^[19]

In the follow-up seriesKnights of X, also written by Howard, Betsy and the Corps take up refuge with Merlyn's daughter and former magistrixRoma, rescuing mutants facing danger in Otherworld. Refusing Betsy's request for an army, Roma instead sends her on a quest for theSiege Perilous alongside Gambit,Rachel Summers,Bei the Blood Moon,Gloriana, Kylun, Rictor,Shatterstar, Shogo Lee, and Arthur's mutant sonMordred. After being tested by the Siege Perilous, Betsy and her knights forge a pathway to Krakoa, bringing an army of Krakoan mutants to fight against Merlyn and Arthur, with Betsy finally executing Merlyn and decreeing that the Corps will not be bound by any one ruler and will instead defend the multiverse on their own terms.^[20] During this ordeal, Betsy also cemented her romantic relationship with Rachel Summers, sharing a kiss as Rachel helps the knights overcome the Siege Perilious.^[21]

Throughout the Dawn of X and subsequent stories, Betsy had been contending with an increasingly-fraught political situation at home, with forces within the British government and populace opposing the legitimacy of a mutant holding the role of their champion. This conflict worsens in Howard's seriesCaptain Britain: Betsy Braddock, which features Betsy's further conflicts with Morgan le Fey as the villain attempts to conquer Britain with the assistance ofDoctor Doom. Betsy is assisted in this series by Rachel, Brian, and Meggan (now going by the monikers of Askani, Captain Avalon, and Gloriana, respectively), as well as revived members of Pete Wisdom and theS.T.R.I.K.E. PSI Division, together defeating le Fey by forging a true respectful connection between le Fey and the land. As Brian reconstitutes the Braddock Academy, Betsy continues on with her responsibilities to Britain and the multiverse as Captain Britain and leader of the Corps.^[22]

Inthe main continuity of Marvel Comics, three characters have used the Captain Britain title in regular publication.

Modred the Mystic briefly assumed the mantle of Captain Britain by syphoning off Braddock's energies in an effort to defeat Merlyn.^[23]

TheCaptain Britain Corps is a fictional league ofsuper-heroes appearing inAmerican comic books published byMarvel Comics. The characters are all known as, or appear as an alternative version of, Captain Britain, each coming from analternative reality. Created by writer Alan Moore and artist Alan Davis, the corps first appeared inThe Daredevils #6 (June 1983). Founded byMerlyn, his daughterRoma and Sir James Braddock, the organization is tasked with defending the multiverse. The power wielded by members of the corps is derived from absorbing and metabolizing energy generated by the matrix of "exotic particles" naturally occurring at weak points between dimensions, which are present at each dimension's equivalent of the British Isles in unusual quantity and proximity; members are tasked with safeguarding the gateways between dimensions and being the highest champion of each earth's respective morality codes.^[24] In addition to the Captains themselves, the organization has included administrators such as Merlyn, Roma, and Saturnyne.

Merlyn and Roma had arranged for each chosen member of the Corps to gain superpowers, often using unscrupulous means. Following Merlyn's funeral, Roma took control over the corps, making Saturnyne her subordinate and bringing Corps members to the Starlight Citadel for training. Roma also tasked Corps members to take turns in defending Otherworld. Corps members would continue to gather in for important occasions. The corps rarely fought as a unit in these stories, with an exception occurring when Roma dispatched them againstFranklin Richards and theFantastic Four.

The Corps was nearly wiped out by Mastermind, a villainous computer belonging to Brian Braddock, and a group of mutated children known as theWarpies, who were once the wards of Captain UK. Roma stepped down as omniversal guardian, giving the title to Brian Braddock, who became King of Otherworld and rebuilt the Corps. Another wave of destruction tore through Otherworld due toWanda Maximoff's alterations to reality inHouse of M, which nearly led to Roma and Saturnyne erasing that universe.^[25] It once again it came under attack, this time from Mad Jim Jaspers and Corps members which he began to turn intoFurys.^{[volume & issue needed]} The end of the battle saw Roma dead, along with most of the Corps along with her.Saturnyne appointed Albion the new leader as they rebuilt the corps once again.^[26] Later, the Captain Britain Corps investigate universal Incursions which are causing the destruction of various realities, and the deaths of twenty Corpsmen. After the members of the Corps capture a Mapmaker, theIvory Kings send their entire forces to overrun the Starlight Citadel, destroying the entire Corps. Saturnyne is able to teleport Brian Braddock to safety, leaving him as the Corps' only survivor.^[27]

The Captain Britain Corps spans the multiverse; the exact number of members is unclear. Many members are simply named Captain Britain, while some others use names such as Captain U.K. or Lady London or names reflective of the specific characteristics of their respective universes (such as Hauptmann Englande or The Violet Swan) or individual circumstances (such as Spider-UK). Of the corps members depicted in publication, most, but not all, have beenalternate versions of Brian orBetsy Braddock.

A number of individuals are known in-story to have been members of the Captain Britain Corps at some point in their fictional portrayals.

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In the unifiedMarvel 2099 reality of Earth-2099, an unidentified Captain Britain appears as a member of the2099 version of the New Avengers.^[51]

In the pages of "Ultimate Invasion",Maker traveled toEarth-6160 and remade it into his own image. A French nobleman namedHenri Duggary is this world's Captain Britain, ruling over the European Coalition and being one of the members of theMaker's Council. It's implied he took the mantle by force and is keen on suppressing Britain's culture and its symbols.^[52] After the Maker was locked into The City withIron Man andKang the Conqueror, Duggary meets with the other members of the Council and suggests that they should divide the North American Union among themselves, redistributing it.^[53]

WhenIron Lad leadsDoom,Thor, andSif to Latveria to raid the Maker's repository, he attacks them, wounding Thor with a magic blade before being hit in the left eye by Iron Lad. Henri informs the rest of Council, bitter as the brawl disfigured his face. He gets some sympathy fromHulk as the group takes advantage of the situation, making use of aStark/Stane satellite to attack Stark Tower in a false flag attack, causing thousands of casualties.^[54]

Months later, Henri Duggary is in charge of the East Coast and meets with the appointed Shadow Governor of New York,Wilson Fisk, who informs him aboutSpider-Man andGreen Goblin. Henri advises Fisk to use the resources that they gave him.^[55] When interrogated by Green Goblin,Bullseye states to him that the loyalty that he and his siblings share was enough that they tore out one of their eyes the day when Henri's eye was wounded.^[56]

At the time when theUltimates confront exterminatorsHank Pym andJanet van Dyne, Henri Duggary attacks with his Black Crusade and an army of Giants. Wasp accepts her gifts and helps to fight Duggary's forces. After some convincing from Captain America, Hank Pym becomes Giant-Man and grows large enough to step on Dugarry's soldiers. Since Duggary's body was nowhere to be found among the corpses, the Ultimates assumed that he got away, leaving his whereabouts unknown.^[57]

Later, Duggary meets with Wilson Fisk at a secure building, being briefed on Bullseye's disappearance as Fisk mentions that he never met the Maker. He admits Fisk was right about the vigilante problem and seems convinced that it has grown into a larger threat to the Maker's Council and their system since his defeat in the hands of the Ultimates. He offers Fisk a team of his agents, but Fisk refuses, stating he hassix alternative plans.^[58]

• Captain Britain onMarvel Database, aMarvel Comicswiki
• Captain Britain (1976) at theGrand Comics Database
• Captain Britain (1985) at theGrand Comics Database
• Captain Britain at the Marvel Directory
• Captain Britain (Brian Braddock) at Marvel.com
• Captain Britain at UncannyXmen.net

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