Caledon | |
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| Town of Caledon | |
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 Flag  Logo | |
  Caledon  Caledon | |
| Coordinates:43°51′58″N79°51′32″W / 43.86611°N 79.85889°W /43.86611; -79.85889[1] | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Ontario |
| Regional municipality | Peel Region |
| Established | January 1, 1974 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Annette Groves |
| • Governing Body | Caledon Town Council |
| • MPs | Kyle Seeback (CPC) Ruby Sahota (LPC) |
| • MPP | Sylvia Jones (PC) |
| Area | |
• Total | 694.04 km2 (267.97 sq mi) |
| • Land | 688.82 km2 (265.95 sq mi) |
| • Water | 5.22 km2 (2.02 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 485 m (1,591 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 221 m (725 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 76,581 |
| • Density | 111.2/km2 (288/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−05:00 (EST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−04:00 (EDT) |
| Forward sortation area | |
| Area codes | 905,519 |
| Website | Official website |
Caledon (/ˈkælədən/;2021 population 76,581) is atown in theRegional Municipality of Peel in theGreater Toronto Area ofOntario, Canada. The name comes from a shortened form ofCaledonia, the Roman name for what is nowScotland.[6] Caledon is primarily rural with a number ofhamlets and small villages, but also contains the larger community ofBolton (population 26,795) in its southeastern quadrant, adjacent toYork Region.[7] Some spillover urbanization also occurs in the south bordering the City ofBrampton.
Caledon is the northernmost of three municipalities of Peel Region. The town is northwest of Brampton. According toStatistics Canada the land area is 688 km2 (266 sq mi)[2] and, according to the city the area is 696.04 km2 (268.74 sq mi),[3] which makes Caledon the largest municipality by area in the Greater Toronto Area.
By 1869, Belfountain was a village with a population of 100 in theTownship of Caledon,Peel County. It was established on theCredit River. There werestagecoaches toErin andGeorgetown. The average price of land was $20.[8][specify] The township was likely named by settlers like Edward Ellis, who came from the area aroundCaledon, County Tyrone, now inNorthern Ireland, or by public voting.[9]
In 1974, Caledon's land area roughly tripled in size when Caledon Township was restructured into the present town byamalgamating with the part ofChinguacousy Township north of Mayfield Road (excludingSnelgrove), with the southern half becoming part of Brampton; as well as the villages of Bolton and Caledon East andAlbion Township. As part of this restructuring, Peel County became Peel Region.[10]
The primary administrative and commercial centre of Caledon is the community ofBolton, which the federal government estimated as having a population of 26,795 in 2021.[11]
Aside from Bolton, other smaller communities in Caledon include the following:
The municipality is otherwise sparsely populated, mostly with farms.
Former hamlets (ghost towns) include:
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1981 | 26,645 | — |
| 1991 | 34,965 | +31.2% |
| 1996 | 39,893 | +14.1% |
| 2001 | 50,595 | +26.8% |
| 2006 | 57,050 | +12.8% |
| 2011 | 59,460 | +4.2% |
| 2016 | 66,502 | +11.8% |
| 2021 | 76,581 | +15.2% |
| Source:Statistics Canada | ||
In the2021 Canadian census, conducted byStatistics Canada, Caledon had a population of76,581 living in23,699 of its24,795 total private dwellings, a change of15.2% from its 2016 population of66,502. With a land area of 688.82 km2 (265.95 sq mi), it had apopulation density of111.2/km2 (287.9/sq mi) in 2021.[2]
In 2021, the median age was 40.8 years old, slightly lower than the provincial median of 41.6 years old.[13] Caledon's population is made of 49.8% women and 50.2% men.[14] There were 24,795 private dwellings. According to the 2011 National Household Survey, the median value of a dwelling in Caledon is $474,087, significantly higher than the national average of $280,552. The median household income (after-taxes) in Caledon is $83,454, much higher than the national average of $54,089. The average individual's income was $53,870.[15]
According to the 2021 Census, the largest five ethnic origins of the residents of Caledon areItalian (17,630; 23.2%),English (10,320; 13.6%),Indian (9,120; 12.0%),Scottish (8,270; 10.9%), andCanadian (8,095; 10.6%).[13]
66.3% of Caledon residents were white/European, 32.8% were visible minorities, and 0.8% wereIndigenous. The largest visible minority groups wereSouth Asian (21.4%),Black (3.6%),Latin American (1.7%),Chinese (1.0%) andFilipino (1.0%)
| Panethnic group | 2021[16] | 2016[17] | 2011[18] | 2006[19] | 2001[20] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
| European[a] | 50,450 | 66.31% | 53,195 | 80.34% | 52,820 | 89.56% | 52,385 | 92.16% | 47,710 | 94.74% |
| South Asian | 16,310 | 21.44% | 6,635 | 10.02% | 1,995 | 3.38% | 1,265 | 2.23% | 700 | 1.39% |
| African | 2,770 | 3.64% | 1,880 | 2.84% | 1,205 | 2.04% | 860 | 1.51% | 770 | 1.53% |
| Latin American | 1,310 | 1.72% | 905 | 1.37% | 600 | 1.02% | 480 | 0.84% | 175 | 0.35% |
| Southeast Asian[b] | 1,105 | 1.45% | 730 | 1.1% | 495 | 0.84% | 395 | 0.69% | 80 | 0.16% |
| Middle Eastern[c] | 1,060 | 1.39% | 495 | 0.75% | 300 | 0.51% | 175 | 0.31% | 255 | 0.51% |
| East Asian[d] | 975 | 1.28% | 900 | 1.36% | 620 | 1.05% | 525 | 0.92% | 365 | 0.72% |
| Indigenous | 620 | 0.81% | 615 | 0.93% | 450 | 0.76% | 360 | 0.63% | 145 | 0.29% |
| Other/multiracial[e] | 1,490 | 1.96% | 855 | 1.29% | 495 | 0.84% | 390 | 0.69% | 175 | 0.35% |
| Total responses | 76,085 | 99.35% | 66,215 | 99.57% | 58,975 | 99.18% | 56,840 | 99.63% | 50,360 | 99.52% |
| Total population | 76,581 | 100% | 66,502 | 100% | 59,460 | 100% | 57,050 | 100% | 50,605 | 100% |
| Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses | ||||||||||
English is themother tongue of 65.4% of the residents of Caledon. Native speakers ofPunjabi make up 11.1% of the town's population,Italian 5.4%,Portuguese 1.4%,Spanish 1.3%, andPolish 1.0%.[13]
As of 2021,[13] 58.5% of Caledon's population wasChristian, down from 77.5% in 2011.[21] 38.2% of residents wereCatholic, 10.5% wereProtestant, 6.0% were Christian without precision, 1.8% wereChristian Orthodox, and 2.0% belonged to other Christian denominations or Christian-related traditions; 19.3% of the population was non-religious or secular, up from 18.6% in 2011. All other religions and spiritual traditions accounted for 22.2% of the population, up from 3.9% in 2011. They includedSikhism (14.3%),Hinduism (4.7%),Islam (2.1%),Buddhism (0.5%), andJudaism (0.4%).
| Religious group | 2021[16] | 2011[18] | 2001[20] | 1991[22] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
 Christian | 44,495 | 58.48% | 45,685 | 77.47% | 41,720 | 82.84% | 29,440 | 84.66% |
 Sikh | 10,865 | 14.28% | 1,175 | 1.99% | 375 | 0.74% | 105 | 0.3% |
 Hindu | 3,545 | 4.66% | 495 | 0.84% | 165 | 0.33% | 65 | 0.19% |
 Muslim | 1,580 | 2.08% | 215 | 0.36% | 160 | 0.32% | 115 | 0.33% |
.svg) Buddhist | 365 | 0.48% | 90 | 0.15% | 45 | 0.09% | 35 | 0.1% |
 Jewish | 280 | 0.37% | 180 | 0.31% | 115 | 0.23% | 90 | 0.26% |
| Other religion | 290 | 0.38% | 150 | 0.25% | 125 | 0.25% | 30 | 0.09% |
| Irreligious | 14,665 | 19.27% | 10,975 | 18.61% | 7,650 | 15.19% | 4,885 | 14.05% |
| Total responses | 76,085 | 99.35% | 58,975 | 99.18% | 50,360 | 99.54% | 34,775 | 99.46% |
The town is run by a mayor, six town councillors and two regional councillors. The mayor and the two regional councillors represent Caledon at the Region of Peel:
Per capita, Caledon has by far the largest representation onPeel Regional Council of the three municipalities, however Caledon's land mass exceeds that of Mississauga and Brampton combined.
| Climate data for Albion Field Centre (Albion Township andCaledon) Climate ID: 6150103; coordinates43°55′N79°50′W / 43.917°N 79.833°W /43.917; -79.833 (Albion Field Centre)); elevation: 281.9 m (925 ft); 1981–2010 normals | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.0 (53.6) | 14.5 (58.1) | 24.5 (76.1) | 30.0 (86.0) | 33.0 (91.4) | 34.5 (94.1) | 36.1 (97.0) | 35.0 (95.0) | 34.4 (93.9) | 30.6 (87.1) | 22.2 (72.0) | 19.5 (67.1) | 36.1 (97.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.8 (27.0) | −1.4 (29.5) | 3.7 (38.7) | 11.6 (52.9) | 18.8 (65.8) | 23.7 (74.7) | 26.3 (79.3) | 25.1 (77.2) | 19.9 (67.8) | 13.2 (55.8) | 5.8 (42.4) | −0.3 (31.5) | 12.0 (53.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.0 (19.4) | −5.9 (21.4) | −1.4 (29.5) | 6.1 (43.0) | 12.4 (54.3) | 17.3 (63.1) | 19.9 (67.8) | 19.1 (66.4) | 14.3 (57.7) | 8.1 (46.6) | 2.1 (35.8) | −3.9 (25.0) | 6.7 (44.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −11.2 (11.8) | −10.4 (13.3) | −6.6 (20.1) | 0.5 (32.9) | 5.9 (42.6) | 10.9 (51.6) | 13.5 (56.3) | 13.0 (55.4) | 8.6 (47.5) | 2.9 (37.2) | −1.7 (28.9) | −7.4 (18.7) | 1.5 (34.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −36.5 (−33.7) | −35.0 (−31.0) | −31.5 (−24.7) | −21.1 (−6.0) | −6.1 (21.0) | −1.5 (29.3) | 1.7 (35.1) | −0.5 (31.1) | −5.0 (23.0) | −11.5 (11.3) | −19.0 (−2.2) | −32.0 (−25.6) | −36.5 (−33.7) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 60.4 (2.38) | 50.2 (1.98) | 50.3 (1.98) | 67.0 (2.64) | 76.1 (3.00) | 75.5 (2.97) | 81.8 (3.22) | 77.4 (3.05) | 75.0 (2.95) | 68.3 (2.69) | 81.7 (3.22) | 57.7 (2.27) | 821.5 (32.34) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 24.0 (0.94) | 22.2 (0.87) | 27.3 (1.07) | 63.0 (2.48) | 76.1 (3.00) | 75.5 (2.97) | 81.8 (3.22) | 77.4 (3.05) | 75.0 (2.95) | 64.9 (2.56) | 67.8 (2.67) | 25.9 (1.02) | 681.0 (26.81) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 36.4 (14.3) | 28.0 (11.0) | 23.0 (9.1) | 4.0 (1.6) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 3.4 (1.3) | 13.8 (5.4) | 31.9 (12.6) | 140.5 (55.3) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 12.4 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 12.1 | 9.8 | 125.5 |
| Average rainy days(≥ 0.2 mm) | 3.3 | 3.6 | 5.2 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 3.7 | 96.2 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.2 cm) | 9.8 | 6.4 | 5.3 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 4.0 | 6.8 | 34.3 |
| Source:Environment and Climate Change Canada[23] | |||||||||||||
ThePeel District School Board operates 14 public schools and two secondary (high) schools in Caledon. TheDufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board operates several Catholic elementary/middle and two secondary schools. TheConseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir operates one Catholicfrancophone (first-language French) elementary school. There also several private andMontessori schools.
Caledon Fire & Emergency Services provides firefighting (using both career and volunteer firefighters), and medical emergency services. It has nine stations.
Ambulance service is run by the regional government'sPeel Regional Paramedic Services, with three stations (#10, 11 and 12).
Despite being part of Peel Region, Caledon has its policing conducted fromOntario Provincial Police Caledon Detachment, rather thanPeel Regional Police. The OPP also patrols the provincial highways in Caledon.
Highways in the municipality:
Former highways (nowRegional roads):
Though never a provincial highway,Airport Road (Peel Poad 7), is a major north-south route to and from theGeorgian Triangle for travellers from southern Peel.
GO Transit operates two bus routes in Caledon:
Due to its largely rural nature, Caledon does not have its own transit system; however,Brampton Transit provides a rush hour-only bus line, 41 Bolton in Bolton and travels south down Highway 50 in toQueen Street/Highway 7 (at the border of Brampton andVaughan) to make connections with other Brampton Transit routes andYork Region Transit (YRT). Brampton Transit also operates three other routes short distances into suburban areas bordering Brampton within the town: Route 81 Mayfield West serves Kennedy Road in Mayfield West, and Routes 18 Dixie and 30 Airport Road provide limited service into industrial areas.[24][25]
Paratransit services for the elderly, disabled, and infirm are provided by Caledon Community Services Transportation and Transhelp. Both are run by theRegion of Peel Accessible Transportation Services.
There were two earlier privately-operated transit services running solely within Bolton with no connections to other services: In 1999 a company named Caledon Transit Incorporated ran a trial bus service in the community.[26] In 2006, the growing population of Bolton prompted local resident Darren Parberry to start a second bus service with two routes using leased school buses, called Métis Transit. One route ran briefly in 2006.[27] Both services ceased operations due to low ridership. Between 2019 and 2024, there was a third service, operated by a private contractor,Voyago, which providedminibus service in Bolton and traveled south down Highway 50 to Queen Street/Highway 7 to connect with Brampton Transit and YRT until it was replaced by the current Brampton Transit Route 41 on May 1, 2024. Adult cash fares were $4.00 and there were no free transfers with these systems.[28][29][30]
The Alton Mill Arts Centre is located in the community of Alton.[31] Art galleries include Headwaters Arts[32] andPeel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives.[33]
Established in 1888 as theCardwell Observer,[34]The Caledon Enterprise is published weekly from Bolton byMetroland Media.[35] Also based out of Bolton isThe Caledon Citizen, established in 1982. A MELINIUM paper, it is published by Caledon Publishing Ltd.[36] A third newspaper, launched by Rick and Shelly Sargent in 2010,The Regional, was published monthly in Bolton. In November 2012, the paper was acquired by Caledon Publishing and ceased publication. The Sargents began working with theCaledon Citizen.
In January 2015 an online publication specific to Caledon, JustSayinCaledon.com, was started by former Bolton Ward 5 Regional Councilor Patti Foley. It publishes stories about local residents and businesses, Caledon event listings, town council highlights, opinion pieces, and a food section about local markets and restaurants.
A short-lived student-run newspaper,The Caledon Underground, was published in 2010.
Thecreepypasta1999 depicts a fictional television station based in Caledon, called Caledon Local 21, which was on the air from 1997 to 1999 in the broadcast area of stations in the Greater Toronto Area and Hamilton.[37]
Key Porter Books and its parent H.B. Fenn are headquartered in Bolton. The radio stationsCJFB-FM andCFGM-FM are broadcasting from here.
Junior hockey teams include theCaledon Admirals (Jr. A),Caledon Bombers (Jr. B) and theCaledon Golden Hawks (Jr. C). TheCaledon Canadians are now defunct.
Minor hockey teams include the Caledon Hawks and the Caledon Coyotes.
Lacrosse in Caledon is represented by the Caledon Vaughan Minor Lacrosse Association, which operates Minor Field and both minor and junior C box teams.
Mike Fox, the winner of the 2007 Queen's Plate, was foaled in Caledon, andPeaks and Valleys currently stands there.
Caledon Equestrian Park, in Palgrave, hosted the equestrian events of the2015 Pan American Games.[42]
Places adjacent to Caledon, Ontario | |
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Largest city:Toronto | ||
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