Karl August Sigismund Schultze | |
|---|---|
 Karl Schultze in 1837 | |
| Born | 1 October 1795 |
| Died | 28 May 1877 |
| Occupation | Anatomist |
| Known for | Anatomy building,University of Greifswald First description of atardigrade |
Karl August Sigismund Schultze (1 October 1795-28 May 1877) was a German anatomist. He is known for the anatomy building at theUniversity of Greifswald, which he had built, and for making the first formal description of atardigrade.
Karl Schultze was a son of the Halle city syndic Friedrich Schultze (1765–1806) and his wife Johanna Dorothea Apel (1765–1826). After his father's early death,August Hermann Niemeyer, chancellor of theUniversity of Halle, became his guardian and enabled him to attend the Pädagogium Halle. He then studied from 1814 at the University of Halle and was a member of theCorps Teutonia (I) Halle[1] and theCorps Guestphalia Halle.[2] In 1817 he took part in theWartburgfest.[3] With a doctoral thesis underJohann Friedrich Meckel he was awarded aDr. med. in Halle. HisdissertationNonnulla de primordiis systematis ossium et de evolutione spinae dorsi in animalibus was translated into French and English atGeorges Cuvier's instigation. Schultze became Meckel's assistant and – in the same year – anatomy demonstrator (prosector). In 1821 he became director of the anatomical and physiological institutes of theAlbert Ludwig University of Freiburg.
In 1831 Schultze moved to theRoyal University of Greifswald. In 1855 he had his own institute for anatomy built on the site of the former Dominican monastery. The Greifswald anatomy building was long considered the best of its kind in Germany; it was restored in 1998.[4][5]
In 1856 Schultze gave up his chair but remained a member of the teaching staff at the University of Greifswald. In 1869, after half a century as a university lecturer, he moved to live with his sonBernhard Sigmund Schultze inJena.
In 1834, Schulze gave the first formal description of anytardigrade, specificallyMacrobiotus hufelandi, in a work subtitled "a new animal from the crustacean class, capable of reviving after prolonged asphyxia and dryness".[6][7] In 1840 he named and described the genusEchiniscus.[8]
From 1833, Schultze was a member of theGerman Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina.[9] In 1862 he was awarded the title of Privy Medical Councillor, and in 1868 theOrder of the Red Eagle, 3rd Class.
In 1822 he married Friederike Bellermann (1805–1885), daughter of the orientalistJohann Joachim Bellermann (1754–1842) and Dorothea Juliane Schorch (1769–1857). They had the following children:
Dieses Haus galt lange als das schoenste und zweckmaessigste seiner Art in Deutschland.