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Buttress

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Architectural structure
This article is about an architectural structure. For the large tree root, seeButtress root. For the Royal Canadian Air Force station, seeButtress, Saskatchewan.
Buttresses ofMiag-ao Church,Philippines

Abuttress is anarchitectural structure built against or projecting from awall which serves to support or reinforce the wall.[1] Buttresses are fairly common on more ancient (typicallyGothic) buildings, as a means of providing support to act against the lateral (sideways)forces arising out of inadequately bracedroof structures.

The termcounterfort can be synonymous with buttress[2] and is often used when referring to dams, retaining walls and other structures holding back earth.

Early examples of buttresses are found on theEanna Temple (ancientUruk), dating to as early as the 4th millennium BC.[citation needed]

Terminology

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In addition toflying and ordinary buttresses, brick and masonry buttresses that support wall corners can be classified according to their ground plan. A clasping or clamped buttress has an L-shaped ground plan surrounding the corner, an angled buttress has two buttresses meeting at the corner, a setback buttress is similar to an angled buttress but the buttresses are set back from the corner, and a diagonal (or 'French') buttressbisects the angle between the walls where they meet.[3][4]

The gallery below shows top-down views of various types of buttress (dark grey) supporting the corner wall of a structure (light grey).

  • Buttress ground plans
  • Angled buttress
    Angled buttress
  • Clasping or clamped buttress
    Clasping or clamped buttress
  • Diagonal or 'french' buttress
    Diagonal or 'french' buttress
  • Setback buttress
    Setback buttress

Gallery

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See also

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References

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  1. ^"Buttress",www.britannica.com, Encyclopædia Britannica
  2. ^Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911),"Counterfort" ,Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 7 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 315
  3. ^"Glossary : Buttress".www.lookingatbuildings.org.uk.
  4. ^Edward Wyatt."Church architecture: Spires and buttresses".www.prestbury.net.

External links

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Look upbuttress in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related tobuttresses.
Wikisource has the text of the1911Encyclopædia Britannica article "Buttress".
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buttress&oldid=1261996267"
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