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Bugun language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kho-Bwa language of Arunachal Pradesh, India
Bugun
Khowa
Native toIndia
RegionArunachal Pradesh
EthnicityBugun (Khowa)
Native speakers
900 (2001)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3bgg
Glottologbugu1246
ELPBugun

Bugun, also known asKhowa, is a small possiblelanguage isolate spoken inArunachal Pradesh state ofIndia by theBugun. They numbered about 1,700 in 2011.

Phonology

[edit]

Vowels

[edit]
FrontCentralBack
Closeiu
Midɛɔ
Openä

Consonants

[edit]
LabialCoronalRetroflexPalatalVelarPost-
velar
Glottal
Nasalmn
Stopvoicelessptʈk
voicedbdɖɡɢ
breathyɖʱɡʱ
Affricatevoicelesstsʈʂ
voiceddzɖʐ
breathydzʱɖʐʱdʑʱ
Fricativevoicelesssʂɕx
voicedvzʐʑɣɦ
Approximantlɫj
Rhoticɾ

Classification

[edit]

Bugun is classified as aKho-Bwa language in Blench & Post (2013), although Blench (2015)[2] believes Bugun may actually be unrelated to the rest of the Kho-Bwa languages.

Dialects

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Lieberherr & Bodt (2017)[3] list the following Bugun dialects along with their numbers of speakers.

  • Dikhyang (100 speakers)
  • Singchung (680 speakers)
  • Wangho (220 speakers)
  • Bichom (630 speakers)
  • Kaspi (80 speakers)
  • Namphri (180 speakers)

Distribution

[edit]

Bugun is spoken in the following villages in southernWest Kameng District,Arunachal Pradesh (Dondrup 1990:iv).[4] The total population numbered 800 in 1981. Names in parentheses are spellings as given inEthnologue.

  • Wanghoo (Wangho)
  • Singchung
  • Kaspi (New Kaspi)
  • Lichini
  • Ramo (Ramu)
  • Namphri
  • Chithu (Situ)
  • Sachida (Sachita)
  • Pani-Phu
  • Ditching (Diching)
  • Dikhiyang (Dikiang)
  • Bicham (Bichom) (a recently founded hamlet)

Ethnologue also lists Mangopom village. These villages are located on the mountains on both sides of Rupa River.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Bugun atEthnologue (25th ed., 2022)Closed access icon
  2. ^Blench, Roger. 2015.The Mey languages and their classification. Presentation given at the University of Sydney.
  3. ^Lieberherr, Ismael; Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2017.Sub-grouping Kho-Bwa based on shared core vocabulary. InHimalayan Linguistics, 16(2).
  4. ^Dondrup, Rinchin. 1990.Bugun language guide. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh.
Sino-Tibetan branches
WesternHimalayas (Himachal,
Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim)
Greater Magaric
Map of Sino-Tibetan languages
EasternHimalayas
(Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal)
Myanmar and Indo-
Burmese border
Naga
Sal
East andSoutheast Asia
Burmo-Qiangic
Dubious (possible
isolates,Arunachal)
Greater Siangic
Proposed groupings
Proto-languages
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
Greater Siangic
Digaro (Northern Mishmi)
Siangic
Hrusish
Kho-Bwa
Puroik
Bugun
Western
Miju–Meyor


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