| Brookfield Zoo Chicago | |
|---|---|
 Brookfield Zoo Chicago, North Gate | |
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| 41°49′58″N87°50′00″W / 41.832671°N 87.833462°W /41.832671; -87.833462 | |
| Date opened | July 1, 1934; 90 years ago (July 1, 1934) |
| Location | Brookfield,Illinois, United States |
| Land area | 235 acres (95 ha) |
| No. of animals | 2300 |
| No. of species | 450 |
| Annual visitors | 2.2 million |
| Memberships | AZA[1] |
| Public transit access |  Pace BNSF Hollywood |
| Website | www |
Brookfield Zoo Chicago, known until 2024 as simplyBrookfield Zoo, and also known as theChicago Zoological Park,[2][3] is azoo located inBrookfield, Illinois. Brookfield Zoo is owned by theForest Preserve District of Cook County and is managed by the Chicago Zoological Society. It is largest zoo in theChicago metropolitan area and houses approximately 450 species of animals in an area of 216 acres (87 ha).
Brookfield Zoo opened on July 1, 1934, and quickly gained international recognition for usingmoats and ditches instead of cages. The zoo was also the first in the United States to exhibitgiant pandas, one of which (Su Lin[4]) has beentaxidermied and put on display in Chicago'sField Museum of Natural History. In 1960 the zoo opened the first fully indoorbottlenose dolphin exhibit in the United States,[5] and in the 1980s the zoo introduced the first fully indoortropical rainforest simulation exhibit, which was the largest indoor zoo exhibit in the world at that time. It is often listed as one of the best zoos in the United States.[6]
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In 1919,Edith Rockefeller McCormick donated land she received from her father as a wedding gift to the Cook County Forest Preserve District for development as a zoological garden. The district added 98 acres (400,000 m2) to that plot and in 1921 the Chicago Zoological Society was established. Construction did not begin until 1926 after a zoo tax was approved. Construction slowed during the onset of theGreat Depression, but regained momentum by late 1931. Construction went on at an increased pace[7] and the zoo opened on July 1, 1934.[8] By the end of September 1934, over one million people had visited the zoo;[9] reaching four million by 1936.[10]
The 1950s saw the addition of aveterinary hospital,[11] a children's zoo,[12] and the Roosevelt Fountain, named for U.S. presidentTheodore Roosevelt.[13] The zoo experienced a decline in the 1960s until a large bond issue from the Forest Preserve District allowed it to expand. The zoo opened the nation's first fully indoordolphinarium in the 1960s.
In the early 1980s the zoo constructed Tropic World, an indoor simulated tropical rainforest exhibit. Tropic World was designed by French architect Pierre Venoa and was completed in 1984.[14] In 1996, a 3-year-old boy was injured when he fell into an enclosure within Tropic World. The incident gained worldwide attention afterBinti Jua, a femalewestern lowland gorilla, tended to the child until zoo staff rescued him.
In the early 21st century, the zoo underwent upgrades including construction of the Hamill Family Play Zoo, a largewolf exhibit, an interactivebutterfly tent, group catering pavilions, and the largest non-restored, hand-carved, woodencarousel in the United States. Great Bear Wilderness, a $27.3 million exhibit forgrizzly andpolar bears, opened in 2010.[15] The interiors of several existing buildings were reconfigured into immersion exhibits based uponecosystems rather than byclades. These included exhibits related toSouth Americancoasts,swamps of theSouthern United States, and various exhibits related todeserts, the Africansavanna, and theAustralian Outback.
The zoo'sreptile house, the first building to open in 1934, closed in 2005 and was converted into the Mary Ann McLean Conservation Leadership Center which does not display live animals, but it details the zoo's larger conservation mission.[16]
In 2011, the zoo faced protests fromIn Defense of Animals over the deaths of theirAfrican elephants, and as a result Brookfield Zoo no longer displays elephants orhippopotamus.[17] The Children's Zoo, which opened in August 1953, was dismantled in early 2013, and a new family-based series of exhibits known as Wild Encounters opened on the site on July 1, 2015.[18]
The zoo has been closed only five times in its history: On September 14, 2008, after damage from a weekend rainstorm;[19] on February 2, 2011, after a major blizzard; on April 18–19, 2013, after flooding from a severe rainstorm;[20] January 30–31, 2019, due to below-freezing temperatures;,[21] from March 19 to July 1, 2020, due to theCOVID-19 pandemic,[22] and on January 12, 2024, due a winter storm.[23]
In September 2023, the zoo received the largest private donation in its history, $40 million, from an anonymous donor.[24][25]
Chicago cartoonistJohn T. McCutcheon was the president of the Chicago Zoological Society from 1921 until 1948 and oversaw the zoo's construction, opening and its early years, including helping it through the war years, when the zoo saw a decrease in attendance.
Grace Olive Wiley briefly worked as a reptile curator at the zoo in 1935.[26]
George B. Rabb was the director from 1976 until 2003, having originally worked as a researcher and an assistant to the director.
Brookfield Zoo Chicago has a conservation project in Punta San Juan, Peru. Disney World partnered with the zoo by giving a $25,000 grant assigned specifically to the work in Punta San Juan, Peru, which helped the Chicago Zoological Society conservationists gain clearance into the highly restricted and protected area. The CZS has hired multiple people that already worked for the reserve to help build a conservation research team. Samples are taken from wildlife such asSouth American sea lions,Inca terns,Peruvian boobies,guanay cormorants,Grey gulls, and the endangeredHumboldt penguins. The team uses the information they gathered to research the environment, observe the species, and monitor populations. Project results further knowledge about the ocean and help save endangered species. Team members also continuously have groups of children, of varying ages, go out to clean up garbage that accumulates on the beaches of Punta San Juan from the Pacific Ocean.[27]
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In 2014, revenue of Brookfield Zoo Chicago was made up by $26.6 million from admissions and guest services, $15.2 million from taxes, $11.5 million from membership dues, $11.5 million from contributions, sponsorships, and net assets released, and $1.2 million from investments and other income. Expenses in 2014 included $15.7 million for admissions and guest services, $15 million for animal collections and conservation programs, $10.7 million for care of buildings and grounds, $7.9 million for management and general, $5.9 million for public education and communications, $3.8 million for marketing and public relations, $3.4 million for fundraising, and $1.4 million for membership. Revenue totaled $66 million and spending totaled $63.8 million during 2014.[28]
In 2010, GovernorPat Quinn granted Brookfield Zoo Chicago $15.6 million to aid repairing and remodeling many parts of the zoo. This included updating the north entrance to the zoo on 31st Street and Golfview Avenue.[29]
The CZS has hosted several fundraising events, Wines in the Wild and Wild Wild Whirl, where they collected various donations ranging in totals from $130,000 to $1.5 million.[30][31]
A total of 808 volunteers help the zoo with 74,401 community service hours which equates to $1.86 million of work.[28]
Economic movement approaches $150 million, 2,000 jobs, 580 volunteers, and around 2.2 million visitors every year.[32][33]
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Phyllis Guren of Bemidji, Minn., the 4000000th visitor to the Brookfield zoo, with bicycle which was her reward.
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