| Brodavis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Clade: | Saurischia |
| Clade: | Theropoda |
| Clade: | Avialae |
| Clade: | †Hesperornithes |
| Family: | †Brodavidae Martinet al.,2012 |
| Genus: | †Brodavis Martinet al., 2012 |
| Type species | |
| †Brodavis americanus Martinet al., 2012 | |
| Species | |
Brodavis is agenus offreshwaterhesperornithiformbirds known from theLate Cretaceous (possiblyCampanian andMaastrichtian stage) ofNorth America andAsia. It was first described and named by Larry D. Martin,Evgeny N. Kurochkin and Tim T. Tokaryk in2012 and assigned to a new monogeneric family, Brodavidae. Four species were described and assigned toBrodavis.
Thetype species,B. americanus, is known from theholotype leftmetatarsal,RSM P 2315.1 which was collected in the Maastrichtian-ageFrenchman Formation of Canada.
B. baileyi is known from the holotype left metatarsal, UNSM 50665, which was collected in the Maastrichtian-ageHell Creek Formation ofSouth Dakota, United States (dated to between 66.8 and 66 Ma ago[1])
B. mongoliensis is known from the holotype left metatarsal, PIN 4491-8, which was collected in the Maastrichtian-ageNemegt Formation ofMongolia.
B. varneri was originally named as a second species ofBaptornis by James Martin and Amanda Cordes-Person in 2007. It is based on the holotype lefttarsometatarsal SDSM 68430 which was collected in the Campanian-ageSharon Springs Formation, lowerPierre Shale of southwestern South Dakota (dated to between 81.5 and 80.5 million years ago.[2])."Baptornis" varneri might represent a fourth species ofBrodavis or belong to a separate genus.
Brodavis is considered to be the first freshwater and latest record of the orderHesperornithiformes. Although hesperornithiforms probably lost their flight abilities by the end of the Early Cretaceous, minimalpachyostosis inBrodavis suggests the possibility of some volant abilities.[3]
In 2015, a species-level phylogenetic analysis found the following relationships among hesperornitheans.[4]
| Hesperornithes |
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