| Britain Prepared | |
|---|---|
 Kinemacolor still from the film | |
| Produced by | Charles Urban |
| Cinematography | Edward Tong,Charles Urban,Charlie Weddup,Fred Wilson |
| Distributed by | War Propaganda Bureau,The Cinema Committee |
Release date |
|
Running time | 165 minutes |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Languages | Silent English intertitles |
Britain Prepared is a 1915Britishdocumentary feature film directed byCharles Urban. The film issilent and made in black-and-white with some colour sequences in theKinemacoloradditive color process.
The film documents Britain's military preparedness, showing scenes of the army and navy in preparation for war, and the manufacture of munitions. The film was made by theCinema Committee, comprisingCharles Urban,William Jury ofJury's Imperial Pictures and Tommy Welsh ofGaumont, at the behest of the covert British propaganda organisation, theWar Propaganda Bureau (also known as Wellington House). It was the first major British official film ofWorld War I.[1]
The film was produced during the Autumn of 1915. The army sections were filmed atAldershot by Gaumont camera operators in September, showing the training of recruits and culminating in a review of troops byGeorge V on 30 September. The naval scenes were filmed in September and October by Charles Urban, who operated one of the cameras, alongsideTeddy Tong,Charlie Weddup andFred Wilson. The fleet was filmed offScapa Flow under conditions of great security, as naval officialdom was worried by the film depicting identifiable stretches of coastline. Sequences of the fleet at sea were filmed inKinemacolor. The section of munitions manufacture used film previously produced byVickers Ltd, and included scenes showingwomen munition workers. The film also featured the launch of battleshipHMS Revenge and the launch of asubmarine.[2]
The film was premiered at theEmpire Theatre, London, on 29 December 1915, before an audience of political and military dignitaries. It was introduced by theFirst Lord of the AdmiraltyArthur Balfour. It was shown in two halves: 'The New Army in the Making' and 'The Sure Shield of Britain and Empire'. It was accompanied by orchestral music specially composed byHerman Finck.
These are the sections of the film as it was originally exhibited:[3]
Part I: The New Army in the Making
Part II: The Sure Shield of Britain and Empire
The film ran for six weeks at the Empire, then was converted into a shorter, monochrome-only version for general release in the UK and overseas. A book of the film was produced with text byArchibald Hurd[4] and a series of twenty-four colour postcards with scenes from the film was issued by thePhotochrom Company.[5]
The film was widely praised in Britain for its propagandist and educational value.W.G. Faulkner, film critic ofThe Evening News, said the film
ought certainly to be shown, not only in every part of the British Isles but throughout the Empire and in every neutral country the world over. There would be no need for any other propaganda; no literature could effect half as good as these pictures.
German newspaperRheinsche Westphaelische Zeitung said of the film:
We must admit, a more clever advertisement could hardly be made by the English Ministry of War for its Army and Fleet and its war services in general. This speculation on the sensibilities of the cinema visitor will not fail of its object. Strongly recommended for imitation.[6]
It was exhibited overseas in many countries, usually managed by local concessionaries, but for some key territories special representation was required. Tommy Welsh took the film to France, the novelistGilbert Frankau took it to Italy, and A.S. Paulsen ofNordisk Film took it to Scandinavia. Theatrical circuit managerMaurice Bandman handled the film in India and the Far East. Charles Urban took the film to the USA, retitling itHow Britain Prepared. He experienced great difficulty in getting the film shown, because of exhibitors' resistance topropaganda and protests fromGerman American interests.[7]
A monochrome copy of the film survives at theImperial War Museum.[8] Two minutes of the Kinemacolor sequences were recently discovered in the United States.[9]