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Brioude

Coordinates:45°17′42″N3°23′06″E / 45.295°N 3.385°E /45.295; 3.385
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Subprefecture in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
Brioude
Subprefecture
Bridge over the Allier
Bridge over theAllier
Coat of arms of Brioude
Coat of arms
Location of Brioude
Map
Brioude is located in France
Brioude
Brioude
Show map of France
Brioude is located in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Brioude
Brioude
Show map of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Coordinates:45°17′42″N3°23′06″E / 45.295°N 3.385°E /45.295; 3.385
CountryFrance
RegionAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes
DepartmentHaute-Loire
ArrondissementBrioude
CantonBrioude
Government
 • Mayor(2020–2026)Jean-Luc Vachelard[1]
Area
1
13.52 km2 (5.22 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[2]
6,523
 • Density480/km2 (1,200/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
43040 /43100
Elevation414–622 m (1,358–2,041 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Brioude (French pronunciation:[bʁijud]ⓘ;Auvergnat:Briude) is acommune in theHaute-Loiredepartment in theAuvergne-Rhône-Alpesregion in south-centralFrance.[3] It lies on the banks of the riverAllier, a tributary of theLoire.

History

[edit]

At Brioude, the ancientBrivas, its martyrs in the 4th century,Julien and Ferréol, became its patron saints; according to theChronicle of Moissac,Euric of Toulouse had the basilica built, in the fourteenth year of his reign (c. 480): it was wondrously decorated with columns.[4] The emperorAvitus (acclaimed at Toulouse, died 456) had already been buried at the shrine of Julian atBrivas (Brioude), according toGregory of Tours.[5] Euric's basilica may have served to venerate both the saint and the Visigothic candidate for Roman Emperor.

Brioude was taken by theFranks, then in turn besieged and captured by theGoths (532), theBurgundians, theSaracens (732) and theNormans.[6] Carolingian Brioude remained a place of some importance:William I of Aquitaine minteddeniers at Brioude. WhenLouis V of France marriedAdelaide of Anjou there in 980 they were crowned King and Queen of Aquitaine; the couple was mismatched in age, and Adelaide fled Louis' house in 982, toArles. The feast of Saint Julian, 28 August,[7] drew such crowds to the saint's relics that in the mid-11th century the chapter was obliged to build a hostel to care for the indigent pilgrim and the sick.[8] In 1181 Eracle III, viscount ofPolignac, who had sacked the town two years previously, made public apology in front of the church and established a body of 25 knights to defend the relics of St Julian.[9][6]Odilo, later the reformingabbot of Cluny, began his vocation at St. Julian of Brioude, where 54 canons, all of noble birth, held a rank equivalent to bishop: Odilo's biographer reports that he fled. For some time after 1361 the town was the headquarters of Bérenger, lord of Castelnau, who was at the head of one of the bands of military adventurers which then devastated France. The knights (or canons, as they afterwards became) of St. Julian bore the title of counts of Brioude and for a long time opposed themselves to the civic liberties of the inhabitants.[6]

TheFranks Casket is believed to have been looted from St. Julian of Brioude church during theFrench Revolution

TheAlmanach de Brioude published annually from 1919 has included many articles of local and broader interest.

Population

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
17934,983—    
18005,386+1.12%
18065,486+0.31%
18215,132−0.44%
18315,099−0.06%
18365,247+0.57%
18414,940−1.20%
18464,962+0.09%
18514,804−0.65%
18564,928+0.51%
18614,950+0.09%
18664,932−0.07%
18724,616−1.10%
18764,747+0.70%
18814,987+0.99%
18865,102+0.46%
18914,928−0.69%
18964,963+0.14%
YearPop.±% p.a.
19014,841−0.50%
19064,865+0.10%
19114,903+0.16%
19214,754−0.31%
19265,104+1.43%
19315,113+0.04%
19365,039−0.29%
19465,623+1.10%
19545,687+0.14%
19626,184+1.05%
19687,195+2.56%
19757,773+1.11%
19827,483−0.54%
19907,285−0.33%
19996,820−0.73%
20076,677−0.26%
20126,616−0.18%
20176,721+0.32%
Source: EHESS[10] and INSEE (1968-2017)[11]

Sights

[edit]
Basilica ofSt. Julien (1060-1180).
  • Basilica ofSt. Julien, the largest Christian church in Auvergne. Built in the 11th-14th centuries, it has notable polychrome frescoes.
  • Hôtel de la Dentelle.
  • Maison du Saumon et de la Rivière, now an aquarium-museum.
  • Château Domeyrat.

Personalities

[edit]

Twin towns

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^"Populations de référence 2022" (in French).The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
  3. ^INSEE commune file
  4. ^"Apud Tolosam regnavit Eoricus super Gothicus post Theodoricum. Anno 14 regni sui basilicam sancti Juliani Brivate columnis ornatam mirifice construxit." (MGH SS 1;284, quoted by Werner Jacobsen, "Saints' Tombs in Frankish Church Architecture"Speculum72.4 (October 1997):1107-1143) p. 1110, note 19.
  5. ^Historia Francorum 2.11.
  6. ^abc One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Brioude".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 573.
  7. ^"St. Julian of Auvergne - Saints & Angels".Catholic Online. Retrieved15 August 2019.
  8. ^C. Lauranson-Rosaz, ''L'Auvergne et ses marges de VIIIe au XI siècles (Le-Puy-en-Velay) 1987, p 279.
  9. ^Arnaud, Jean-André-Michel (1816).Histoire du Velay jusqu'à la fin du règne de Louis XV [History of Velay until the end of the reign of Louis XV]. J.B. La Combe. p. 134.
  10. ^Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui:Commune data sheet Brioude,EHESS(in French).
  11. ^Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toBrioude.
Communes of theHaute-Loire department
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