TheMario franchise is amedia franchise created byNintendo. Nintendo is usually thedeveloper and publisher of the franchise's games, but various games are developed by third-party companies such asIntelligent Systems andNintendo Cube. Games in theMario franchise primarily revolve around the main protagonistMario and often involve the trope ofBowser as the main antagonist kidnappingPrincess Peach, with Mario then rescuing her. Many characters have goals or plot arcs that vary between series; for example, theLuigi's Mansion games focus onLuigi ridding a haunted building of ghost-like creatures known as Boos, andWario stars ingames that center around his greed and desire for money and treasure.
The franchise began withDonkey Kong in 1981, whereMario,Donkey Kong, andPauline originated. Japanese video game designerShigeru Miyamoto built them off the base of characters fromPopeye. Due to technical difficulties portraying the characters, Miyamoto made later changes to their appearances and personalities, such as a more lighthearted tone. Due to the breakthrough critical and commercial success ofDonkey Kong, Mario reappeared inMario Bros. in 1983, which introduced Mario'stwin brother Luigi, andSuper Mario Bros. in 1985, which introducedToad alongside numerous enemies, with Bowser and Princess Peach replacing Donkey Kong and Pauline, respectively.
Each series has introduced numerous characters, many of them recurring. Some have starred in their own games or in supporting roles. The games all typically share common enemies.
Mario was portrayed in 1993'sSuper Mario Bros. in live-action by the lateBob Hoskins,[12] and voiced byChris Pratt in 2023'sThe Super Mario Bros. Movie and 2026'sThe Super Mario Galaxy Movie.[13]
Luigi[b] (voiced byKevin Afghani) is the younger twin brother ofMario,[5] who Luigi feels a sense ofenvy andreverence towards.[14] In the 1983 gameMario Bros., Luigi was introduced as the secondplayer character, with many similarities to Mario.[15] While he was initially identical to Mario, he began developing differences inSuper Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels (1986), which gave him a higher and further jump at the expense of responsiveness and precision.[16] In the North American version ofSuper Mario Bros. 2 (1988), Luigi was given a taller and thinner appearance than Mario, which played a key role in shaping his modern appearance.[1][14] Luigi's first starring role was in 1993'sMario Is Missing!, though he played only minor roles in subsequent games until 2001 withLuigi's Mansion, where he plays the role of a frightened, unsure, and goofy protagonist attempting to save his brother.[14] TheYear of Luigi was celebrated in 2013, which saw manyLuigi games released to commemorate the character's 30th anniversary.[17]
Princess Peach Toadstool[c] (voiced by Courtney Lin) is theprincess of theMario franchise'sMushroom Kingdom. In themain series games, she typically plays the role of adamsel in distress who needs to be rescued byMario.[18][19] Whenplayable, she typically has the ability to float in the air, and is physically taller than Mario.[19] Her first playable appearance in a main seriesMario game was 1988'sSuper Mario Bros. 2, while her second was 2013'sSuper Mario 3D World.[20] Peach played a starring role inSuper Princess Peach (2005), where she aims to rescue Mario,Luigi, andToad,[18] aided by a parasol named Perry and several abilities based on her emotions—or "vibes".[21] She makes frequent appearances in spin-offMario games, such as theMario Kart series and theMario sports games. In the 2017 gameSuper Mario Odyssey, after being captured by andforced to marry Bowser, and subsequently rescued by Mario, she rejects both of them and instead takes a trip around the world, though Mario rejoins her.[19] Peach again stars in her adventure in the 2024 gamePrincess Peach: Showtime!, where she saves the Sparkle Theater from a sorceress named Grape, helped by a ribbon named Stella and various transformations including Swordfighter Peach and Patissiere Peach.[22]
Daisy is portrayed in 1993'sSuper Mario Bros. in live-action bySamantha Mathis, although this interpretation is more of a blend of Peach and Daisy in design and portrayal, serving as Luigi's damsel in distress rather than Mario's. While Mario does help rescue this version of the princess, Mario's damsel in the 1993 film is Daniella, the live-action version of Pauline as portrayed by Dana Kaminski, rather than Peach, who was replaced in the film with Daisy. The purpose of this was to give Luigi the lead role, as the producers felt the film would be more relatable with a younger lead.[30][31][32]
Yoshi[g] (voiced byKazumi Totaka) is Mario's best friend of green anthropomorphic dinosaur character, first appeared in the 1990 gameSuper Mario World. He is depicted with a long tongue that can be used to eat enemies, and can turn the enemies he eats intoeggs that release power-ups or can be thrown.[39] Yoshi is a rideable character for the heroes or a playable character in most of theMario spin-offs, includinghis own series.[40] Yoshi also appeared inMario Kart series,[41]Super Smash Bros. series as a fighter,[42] andMario Party series.[43]
Donkey Kong[h] (voiced by Koji Takeda) is an anthropomorphicgorilla that stars in theDonkey Kong franchise. He is the leader of theKong Family, a group of variousprimates and is depicted as the grandson of Cranky Kong who appeared in the 1981 arcade game,Donkey Kong, though, he appears as an antagonist in theMario vs. Donkey Kong series. He is depicted as a cheerful and powerful character.[44] Alongside Mario and friends, Donkey Kong also appeared inMario Kart series,[45]Super Smash Bros. series as a fighter,[46] andMario Party series.[47]
Birdo, also known asBirdette, and known in Japan asCatherine,[i] (voiced by Kazumi Totaka) is depicted as a pink, anthropomorphic dinosaur who wears a red bow on her head, and has a round mouth that can fire eggs as projectiles.[48] Birdo first appeared inSuper Mario Bros. 2 as a recurringboss character.[49] Since then, she has been a recurring playable character in various franchisespin-offs. Birdo has been referred to as a "man who thinks of himself as female" in earlier depictions, such as in the Japanese manual for the early prototype gameDoki Doki Panic, and was considered female in later games. It is heavily speculated that Birdo istransgender; she is considered to be one of the first evertransgender video game characters.[50][51][52][verification needed]
Toadette[k] (voiced byLaura Stahl) is a pink Toad character who debuted inMario Kart: Double Dash (2003) as a playable driver. Toadette is depicted with two long round pigtails with white spots and a dress, to distinguish her from Toad. SinceSuper Mario Odyssey, Toadette is a member of the Toad Brigade and has the role of an archivist.[59] Depending on the game, she is either a supporting character or a protagonist, playable in most of theMario spin-off games.[60] InNew Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe, a power-up called the Super Crown allows Toadette to transform into Peachette, a form that highly resembles Princess Peach.[61] As Peachette, she can use Peach's floating jump to hover, and can perform a double jump. She also returns as a playable character inSuper Mario Bros. Wonder.[62]
Poochy[l] is portrayed asYoshi's helper dog. He debuted inSuper Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island and continued appearing throughout theYoshi series, such as inPoochy & Yoshi's Woolly World.[63] In the games, he can sniff out hidden items, cross over dangerous terrain, and jump over walls to give Yoshi a boost out of his wall jumps.[64] In 2023, Poochy was added toMario Kart Tour as a playable character.[63]
Professor Elvin Gadd[m] (voiced byKazumi Totaka), more commonly known as Professor E. Gadd, is a diminutive and elderly scientist and inventor. He primarily appears in theLuigi's Mansion series, in which he invented several objects, such asLuigi's Poltergust 3000 and Gooigi fromLuigi's Mansion 3.[65] He is referenced inSuper Mario Sunshine as the inventor ofMario's F.L.U.D.D., a device that allows him tospray water.[66] The character has made cameo appearances in series such asMario Party andMario & Luigi.[66] He makes ambiguous gibberish sounds when speaking, inspired by the language of "Animalese" used in theAnimal Crossing series when Totaka invented his voice.[67]
Toadsworth[n] (voiced by Scott Burns)[68][69] is an elderly Toad character who isPrincess Peach's steward. He is depicted showing concern for the princess' safety and acts as a prime caretaker for the Toads.[70] He debuted inSuper Mario Sunshine for GameCube, in which he goes on vacation with Mario, Peach and the other Toads.[70] InMario & Luigi: Partners in Time, he is revealed to have cared for the princess since she was a baby.[71]
TheLumas are depicted as friendly star-like creatures. They first appear inSuper Mario Galaxy, where they have the ability to transform into various game objects, explorable planetoids, and entire levels.[72] Lumas come in a variety of colors, though are most commonly yellow. One particular Luma, known as Baby Luma, or Young Master Luma, is a major character in theSuper Mario Galaxy games, granting Mario or Luigi the power to Star Spin. TheIllumination animated filmThe Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023) features a single Luma, the blue nihilisticLumalee, that first appeared inSuper Mario Galaxy as a salesman. Held prisoner by Bowser, Lumalee cheerfully laments the pain and suffering awaiting all those held prisoner, greatly depressing his fellow prisoners; they are voiced by Juliet Jelenic, daughter ofMichael Jelenic, one of the film's two directors.[73]
TheCow, also known asMoo Moo, resembles a real-worldcow and typically walks on all four legs. They mostly appear in theMario Kart series; they were introduced inMario Kart 64, and for the first time it is a playable character inMario Kart World.[80]
Diddy Kong[p] (Diddy) (voiced byKatsumi Suzuki) is an anthropomorphicmonkey who is Donkey Kong's nephew, sidekick, and best friend, appearing in theDonkey Kong andMario franchises.[81] Diddy Kong made his first appearance in the 1994Super Nintendo Entertainment System gameDonkey Kong Country. He is the main protagonist ofDiddy Kong Racing and its DS remake.[82] He is depicted as a cheerful and kind character. Created byRare, the name Diddy is a British term meaning "little".[83]
Cranky Kong[q] (voiced byTakashi Nagasako) is an older Kong. His first appearance was in 1981'sDonkey Kong, where, as the game's antagonist, he kidnappedPauline, though he was stopped byMario.[84] He is portrayed as the grandfather ofDonkey Kong in the games, and the father of him in the 2023 film, in which he was voiced byFred Armisen.[13]
TheKoopalings[t] are seven siblings who first appeared asboss characters in the 1988 gameSuper Mario Bros. 3.[90] Their individual names areLudwig,Lemmy,Roy,Iggy,Wendy,Morton, andLarry.[90] According to former Nintendo of America employee Dayvv Brooks, who named the characters, at least five of the seven Koopalings were named after musicians (Ludwig van Beethoven,Lemmy Kilmister,Roy Orbison,Iggy Pop, andWendy O. Williams), while Morton was named after talk show hostMorton Downey Jr.; in the case of Larry, Brooks initially stated that the character was named afterLarry Mullen Jr., an Irish musician, best known as the drummer and co-founder of the rock band U2,[91] only to contradict this in a later interview where he instead states the name was given simply because he felt that the character "looked like a Larry".[92]
The Koopalings were originally established as Bowser's children.[90][93][94][95] OlderMario games maintain reference to them as such in updated manuals and re-releases.[96][97] They have since been depicted as Bowser's minions in games following the release ofNew Super Mario Bros. Wii in 2009,[98] with Shigeru Miyamoto stating in 2012 that "our current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children. Bowser's only child is Bowser Jr."[99] The Koopalings have additionally appeared as playable characters in spin-offMario games and theSuper Smash Bros. series.[100] They have also been featured innon-video gameMario media, including the animatedAdventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 andSuper Mario World, albeit under different names.[101][102] They are currently voiced by David J. Goldfarb, Carlee McManus, Dan Falcone, Ryan Higgins, Ashley Flannegan, David Cooke, and Michelle Hippe, respectively.[citation needed] Previously, inNew Super Mario Bros. Wii and games that reuse its voice assets, Ludwig and Iggy had been voiced by Mike Vaughn, while the others, besides Roy, were previously voiced byLani Minella.[citation needed]
Wario[u] (voiced byKevin Afghani)[103] is anobese yet muscular, hot-tempered, and greedy man. He is Mario's self-declared yellow-and-purple cladarch-rival.[104] He initially debuted as an antagonist, but over the years has become ananti-hero, and is playable in some games.[105][106] Wario is the protagonist of theWario series and is playable in most of theMario spin-off games where he is shown to be Waluigi's partner.[107] His name is portmanteau of "warui", the Japanese word for "bad", and "Mario".[108] Wario's favorite food isgarlic, often used in gameplay to restore health when he gets defeated.[109]
Mini Bowser,[w] also referred to exclusively in North America asKoopa Kid and initially mistranslated asBaby Bowser, describes both an individual and a group ofBowser's minions bearing similar design elements to the latter. They appear exclusively in theMario Party sub-series of video games,[120] where their role is generally to hinder player's progress by stealing coins needed for progression or confronting the player inminigames.[121][122]
While Mini Bowser would initially continue to rise in relevance throughout the series, becoming the plot's main antagonistic force[123] as well as a playable character byMario Party 5[124] and being the subject of a dedicated mode inMario Party Advance,[125] he has also become an example ofNintendo phasing out certain characters from theSuper Mario franchise, with him having been replaced by the more recently introducedBowser Jr. in newer games of the series,[126] netting him the reputation of being "another neglected classic Nintendo character".[127] Both the reason for this disappearance as well as his actual relation toBowser is a subject of fan speculation, due to regional differences concerning in-game texts and manuals implying Mini Bowser to either be a child, younger version or simple henchman ofBowser.[128]
Waluigi[x] (voiced by Kevin Afghani) is a tall, thin, and mischievous man who was introduced inMario Tennis as Wario's partner of unspecified relation. He is Luigi's black-and-purple clad arch-rival.[129] Waluigi is often an antagonist who teams up with Wario to accomplish their schemes. He is playable in most of theMario spin-off games, and makes several cameos within theSuper Smash Bros. series.[130] Like with Wario, his name is a portmanteau of "warui" and "Luigi".[131]
Petey Piranha, known asBoss Pakkun[aa] in Japan,[135] is a large, powerful Piranha Plant character. Whereas normal Piranha Plants are usually depicted growing from pipes, Petey's leaves and roots are foot-like and arm-like appendages, allowing the character to use objects such as tennis rackets and golf clubs when playable in the variousMario sports games.[136] He can sometimes use his leaves to fly around. He debuted as the primary boss of Bianco Hills in the gameSuper Mario Sunshine.[137] Similar Piranha Plant boss characters later appear inSuper Mario Galaxy and its sequel.[138] Petey Piranha made hisMario Kart debut inMario Kart: Double Dash as a playable driver, and returns inMario Kart Tour[139] andMario Kart 8 Deluxe.[140]
Fawful,[ab] known in Japan asGerakobits, is a recurring antagonist in theMario & Luigi series.[141] The character is considered to be "insane", and speaks in a chaotic manner.[142][143] He served as the secondary antagonist ofSuperstar Saga, and the main antagonist ofBowser's Inside Story.[144] He was also the mainantagonist ofBowser’s Minions, in which he brainwashed all of Bowser's minions, and became Captain Goomba’s archenemy.[145]
He was created by Masanori Sato, who worked as the illustrator forMario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, the first game in theMario & Luigi series. Fawful's localized Japanese name, Gerakobits, is derived fromgeragera, the Japaneseonomatopoeia for a scornful laugh,[146] while his English name is a pun combining the words "awful" and "guffaw". Because Fawful was not based on any existing characters in theMario series, the Nintendo Treehouse, which is responsible forlocalizing games forNorth American audiences, had more creative freedom in writing for the character.[142]Bill Trinen and Nate Bihldorff, both employees of the Treehouse, wrote the English dialogue for Fawful through the exchange of notes.[142] Rather than sticking close to the Japanese script, where Fawful simply adds "Fururururu!" to the end of every line,[147] Trinen and Bihldorff intended to make Fawful as "wacky" and "zany" as possible in the Western release.[142][143] Thus, in English versions of the games, all of Fawful's dialogue consists ofbroken English andword salads and hiscatchphrase, "I have fury!".[148]
Fawful has received critical acclaim from both critics and fans, regarded as a favorite villain.[148][149][150] He is also regarded for his quotes and humor, nominated for the "Most Quotable Character" award in 2009, but losing to Ellis fromLeft 4 Dead 2.[151]1UP.com's Jeremy Parish attributing the quality ofSuperstar Saga's comedy to him.[152][153] His "I have fury!" quote was included inNintendo Power's collection of classic quotes from Nintendo games.[148] Another quote, "And this battle shall be the delicious mustard on that bread! The mustard of your doom!" was regarded byMTV Multiplayer writer Steven Totilo as one of the most famous lines in video games of recent years and was quoted with "uncommon frequency".[154]GamesRadar ranked Fawful as one of the best video game villains, arguing that he was a dominant aspect of theMario & Luigi series partly due to his quotes.[155]
Biddybud – Aladybug-like enemy introduced inSuper Mario 3D Land. They usually come in groups of four (one red, one blue, one green, and one yellow) and can be defeated by jumping on top of them. Para-Biddybud is a winged variant of Biddybud. They behave mostly the same, but they fly close to the ground instead of walking.[156]
Blooper – A sentry-likesquid that chases after the player, debuting inSuper Mario Bros.. Blooper Nannies, a variation of the Blooper, thrust smaller versions of themselves (Blooper Babies) toward the player as a form of attack.[157]
Boo, known in Japan as Teresa[ac] – A sphericalghost enemy introduced inSuper Mario Bros. 3 as "Boo Diddleys" (a pun on the name of American musicianBo Diddley),[162] which sneaks up on the player from behind while they are facing away from it. Inspired by arage thatTakashi Tezuka's wife went into after he came home from work late.[163] With Boo being one of the more popularMario enemies, their image has been used in official Nintendo merchandise, such as plush dolls[164] and cookie cutters.[165] Boo is considered one of the best enemies in theMario series.[166][167]
Bullet Bill – Abullet with angry eyes and clenched fists that is shot out of a cannon called a "Bill Blaster". They have a larger counterpart with ashark-like face, known as Banzai Bills[157] (renamed Boomer Bills in theLego Super Mario sets and Bomber Bills inThe Super Mario Bros. Movie).[168]
Chain Chomp – A metallic ball-and-chain creature that lunges at the player when they approach it. Inspired by a childhood experience ofShigeru Miyamoto's with a violent dog.[169] It was originally intended to be used inThe Legend of Zelda series, but ended up being aMario enemy.[170]
Cheep Cheep – This circular, usually red, fish debuted inSuper Mario Bros. Cheep Cheeps are found primarily in the water, but some can jump in an arc, or fly within a limited range.[171] Giant varieties attempt to swallow the player, such as Boss Bass and Big Bertha.[157] Porcupuffers are giant variants with spiked backs.[172] Fish Bones are skeletons that charge at the player and break apart upon a wall collision.[citation needed]
Dry Bones – Askeleton version of a Koopa Troopa. Unlike regular Koopa Troopas, Dry Bones will not retract into their shell when stepped on. Instead, they will collapse and reform after a few seconds.[157]
Fuzzy – A spiked creature which hangs in the air, and sometimes moves on rails. It debuted inSuper Mario World.[173]
Goomba – A sentient creature that resembles amushroom, it is the first enemy that the player typically encounters in the games' first levels. Implemented late in the development ofSuper Mario Bros. as a basic, easy enemy.[174] Variants of the Goomba may have wings, known as the Paragoomba, and similar creatures include the Galoomba, which flips over and can be thrown when stomped on, and the Goombrat, which turns at edges.[175] The Goombas have their own king, King Goomba (also called Goomboss), introduced as the first boss inPaper Mario.[176]
Hammer Bro – A type of helmet-wearing Koopa who throwshammers at the player.[177] It has several variations that throw other projectiles, such as the Boomerang Bro, the Fire Bro, the Ice Bro, and a bigger variant known as a Sledge Bro which can stun the player.[157]
Koopa Troopa – A foot soldier of Bowser. It retracts in its shell when stomped on, after which it can be used to attack other foes.[157] Variants of the Koopa may have wings, where it is known as the Paratroopa or the Koopa Paratroopa. There are many other varieties of the Koopa Troopa such as red, yellow, and blue. Several other subspecies appear throughout theMario games.[178]
Buzzy Beetle – A black or blue Koopa with a hard, fireproof shell that renders it immune to fire attacks. It can crawl on ceilings and drop down when the player gets too close.[178]
Chargin' Chuck – A Koopa wearing football gear that mostly charges at the player, and can use items such as baseballs and shovels.[178]
Mechakoopa – A robot with a wind-up key that becomes disabled and can be thrown after being stomped on. A variant introduced inSuper Mario Galaxy is capable of breathing fire.[178]
Spike Top – A red wall-crawling Koopa which combines the Buzzy Beetle's immunity to fire and the Spiny's immunity to being jumped on, although it can be spin-jumped on.[178]
Spiny – A red Koopa with a spiky shell that damages the player if touched from above. They are often thrown by Lakitus in unlimited supplies.[178]
Magikoopa – A wizard Koopa capable of casting magic spells, turning blocks into foes, power-ups, or coins. Magikoopas first appeared inSuper Mario World.[157] Kamek and Kammy Koopa are recurring individuals of this species, appearing in theYoshi andPaper Mario series, respectively.[181][182]
Monty Mole – Amole that burrows underground, and springs out of the ground when the player gets close.[citation needed] A similar enemy known as the Rocky Wrench pops out ofairshipmanholes and throwswrenches at the player.[citation needed]
Piranha Plant – A leafy, stalk-topped carnivorous plant with sharp teeth that typically lives within pipes.[157] Known as Pakkun Flower in Japan, it has made numerous appearances outside of theMario franchise, including as a playable character inSuper Smash Bros. Ultimate viadownloadable content.[183]
Podoboo – A fireball that jumps out of lava and can bounce off walls. It is also referred to as a Lava Bubble (a name shared with other lava based enemies).[citation needed] A Blue Podoboo homes in on the player and jumps out of blue lava and is found inSuper Princess Peach, and a variant of the Lava Bubble that chases after the player and spits fireballs appears mainly in thePaper Mario games.[184]
Pokey – A spikedcactus with detachable green or yellow body segments, which first appeared inDoki Doki Panic, being incorporated to theMario universe when the game was reworked into the internationalSuper Mario Bros. 2.[157]
Shy Guy – A timid masked creature wearing a robe, which comes in many different colors and variations. Introduced in the internationalSuper Mario Bros. 2, but more commonly portrayed as an enemy to Yoshi sinceYoshi's Island. It originally appeared inDoki Doki Panic (1987), which was later adapted for international audiences asSuper Mario Bros. 2, integrating Shy Guy into the Mario universe. Some variants include the Snifit, a Shy Guy with a cannon on its mask which it uses to fire bullets, the Fly Guy, a Shy Guy with a propeller on its head that can fly, and the Bandit, a blue Shy Guy that is known for stealing things from the player such as coins and other items.[157] Voiced by Nintendo of America localization manager Nate Bihldorff.[185]
Spike – A green Koopa creature that attacks with spiked balls, which it throws out of its mouth. First appeared inSuper Mario Bros. 3.[157]
Thwomp – A large stone block with an angry face that is mainly encountered in castles. It attempts to crush the player, usually from above. There is a smaller variation of the Thwomp called a Thwimp.[186]
Whomp – An anthropomorphic stone slab that slams its face on the ground when the player gets near. It can only be defeated by ground pounding its back. It is inspired by the Japanese mythical wall monster, thenurikabe.[187]
Wiggler – Acaterpillar enemy introduced inSuper Mario World, which changes color and charges at the player when stomped on. It is a playable character in some games. Flutters are Wigglers with butterfly wings.[157]
^"Super Mario Bros. (film)".Super Mario Wiki. Mario Wiki. RetrievedOctober 1, 2025.Daisy serves as Luigi's love interest, while Mario's girlfriend Daniella is based on Pauline.
^"Super Mario Bros. (1993) – Producer Interviews".SMB Movie Archive. Super Mario Bros. The Movie Archive. RetrievedOctober 1, 2025.Producers explained they made Luigi the lead character to appeal to younger audiences.
^Robbins, M. Brandon (September 15, 2017), "Diversity in Gaming",Library Journal, vol. 142, p. 51
^Owens, Cassie (September 25, 2018), "Temple prof co-curates first exhibit on LGBTQ video game history",Philadelphia Inquirer
^Shaw, Adrienne; Friesem, Elizaveta (2016), "Where is the Queerness in Games? Types of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Content in Digital Games",International Journal of Communication, vol. 10, pp. 3877–3889
^abMcWhertor, Michael (August 7, 2018)."Where Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker came from".Polygon.Archived from the original on November 29, 2021. RetrievedApril 29, 2020."I really just want to make him someone that loves treasure and you can feel that from him", Hiratake said. "I think honestly Captain Toad is someone that doesn't really care what's going on, but when he sees treasure he's like, 'I want it!'. "You know, I do question his loyalty to the Mushroom Kingdom a little bit. I think of him like a crow that loves shiny things or a moth to a flame. He just loves treasure so much that he can't think about anything else — he's just so happy finding treasure."—Game director Shinya Hiratake
^Kikai (July 4, 2025)."ウシ愛に溢れた「モーモーカントリー」の細部に注目！【『マリオカート ワールド』フリーランの小ネタ】30" [Pay attention to the details of "Moo Moo Country" filled with love for cows! ["Mario Kart World" Free Run Tips] 30].Nintendo Dream Web (in Japanese). RetrievedAugust 5, 2025.
^Nintendo.Yoshi's Safari (Super Nintendo Entertainment System).Nintendo of America.Bowser, King of the Koopas, and his evil offspring have invaded yet another kingdom. The Koopalings have seized the Kingdom's precious crystals. It's up to you, armed with your trusty Nintendo Scope, to ride Yoshi to the rescue! (back of the box of the North American and PAL versions)
^Knight, Rich (August 21, 2012)."7. Magikoopa".The 10 Greatest Wizards In Video Games. Complex Gaming.Archived from the original on February 9, 2015. RetrievedOctober 7, 2012.
^AlphaDream (November 17, 2003).Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga (Game Boy Advance).Nintendo. Level/area: Beanbean Castle.The Beanstar is the protector of this land, and it has the power to grant any and all desires... to prevent such a power from being used for evil, the Beanstar was cast into a deep sleep... It is said that a voice of great beauty is required to wake the Beanstar from its slumber. It must be the voice of a pure and noble soul... In this day and age, Princess Peach is the only one who possesses such a voice. So... the reason Cackletta stole Princess Peach's voice... Aha! She must plan to awaken the Beanstar and fulfill all of her desires!
