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Doaba, also known asBist Doab or theJalandhar Doab,[1] is the region ofPunjab, India that lies between theBeas River and theSutlej River.[2] People of this region are given the demonymDoabia. The dialect of Punjabi spoken in Doaba is calledDoabi. The term "Doaba" or "Doab" is derived from Persianدو آب (do āb, literally "two bodies of water"), and signifies a region lying between and reaching to the confluence of two rivers.[3] The river Sutlej separates Doaba from theMalwa region of India to its south and the river Beas separates Doaba from theMajha region, split between present dayPakistan and India, to its north.
Scheduled castes form more than 40% of the population in Doaba. This area is also called the NRI Hub of Punjab as a consequence of the migration of a significant percentage of Doabias.[4]
Doaba comprises the following districts:[2]
Manjki includes a large part ofNakodar tehsil, western parts ofGoraya sub tehsil, Noormahal sub tehsil and western parts ofPhillaur tehsil.[5] The villages of Jandiala Manjki, and Bundala lie in Manjki. The south east ofPhagwara also falls within Manjki.[6]
It is not clear if the area takes its name from the Manj tribe which once held the track around Nakodar or the name is related to the condition of the land.[5] The Manj Rajputs held a large tract in the south west ofJallandhar district stretching betweenTalwan,Nakodar and Malsian (to the west of Nakodar city).[5]
The Arains were mainly settled inPhagwara,Nakodar, Kotla Nihang, Daulatpur and Noorpur. They were landholders of big agricultural tracts in the region.[7] After partition almost all[failed verification] Arain population migrated from Jalandhar toFaisalabad (formerly Lyallpur),Bahawalpur,Rawalpindi andLahore districts of Pakistan.[8]
Hinduism andSikhism are the main religions of the region. Before partition, the area had a sizeable Muslim majority, which led the Muslim League to hope that the Jalandhar division would be allotted to Pakistan.[9]The majority of Muslims of this area after partition moved to theFaisalabad (formerly Lyallpur) district of Pakistan,[10] and a small minority opted instead for the urban centers ofLahore andRawalpindi. Some Sikhs and Hindus from theLyallpur district were relocated in the Doaba region, especially in Manjki.[11]
The area known as Dhak includes the eastern part ofPhillaur tehsil andNawanshahr district.[5] The Grand Trunk road separates the Dhak area from the Manjki area. The middle part ofPhagwara tehsil is in Dhak.[6]
Phagwara tehsil includes the Dhak area. The type of soil has traditionally been midway between clay loan or loamy clay and therefore the traditional main crop rotations were maize-wheat, paddy-wheat, sugarcane-wheat, and fodder-wheat, cotton-wheat.[12]
The word 'Dona' means that the soil is formed of two constituents, sand and clay, with sand predominating. The area to the south of the river Beas falls within Dona. This area is formed by a part of theKapurthala district.[6]
Due to the type of soil in Dona, the main crop rotations traditionally being followed were: groundnut-wheat, groundnut-fallow, maize-wheat, cotton-wheat, and fodder-wheat.[12]
The portion of Doaba that lies in the area between the river tract falling between the Beas and Black Bein is called "Bet".[6]
The soil in Bet is clay loam or loamy or clay, and therefore the main crop rotations traditionally being followed were: paddy-wheat, maize-wheat, fodder-wheat, and toria-wheat.[12]
The north eastern part ofPhagwara tehsil lies in the Sirowal (also called Sirwal) region. Bhogpur and Adampur Blocks of Jalandhar district also lie in Sirowal.
Sirowal is characteristic of the Bet area with numerous hill streams coming down fromHoshiarpur district keeping the soil moist year round. Some of these streams are silt laden and at first deposit fertile soil though their later deposits are more and more sandy. Due to the existence of these drainage channels patches and stratas of hard clay are also to be found.[6]
The town is referred to in the ancient Indian epic, theMahabharata, as the seat of kingVirata. In recognition of this, Dasuya is still referred to asVirat Ki Nagri today.[13]
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Regions of Punjab: The much-truncated India's portion of present Punjab is divided into three natural regions: The Maiha, The Doaba, The Malwa. Majha: Majha starts northward from the right bank of river Beas and stretches up to the Wagha village, which marks the boundary between India and Pakistan. Majha in Punjabi means the heartland. The region is divided into three districts: 1. Amritsar, 2. Gurdaspur, 3. Tarn Taran. Doaba: The rivers Sutlei in the south and Beas in the North bound the Doaba of Puniab. The Doaba region is divided into four districts: 1. Jalandhar, 2. Nawanshahr, 3. Kapurthala, 4. Hoshiarpur. Malwa: The area south of the river Sutlej is called Malwa. The name has stuck because a clan called Molois (sometimes written as Malawis in ancient works) once ruled this area, which must have spread up to present State of Gujrat which was known as the Subah of Malwa as late as the Mughul times. Malwa the largest part of the Punjab is divided into the following 12 districts after the names of their headquarters: 1. Bathinda, 2. Barnala, 3. Faridkot, 4. Fatehgarh Sahib, 5. Ferozepur, 6. Ludhiana, 7. Mansa, 8. Moga, 9. Sangrur, 10. Muktsar, 11. Patiala, 12. Rup Nagar, 13. SAS Nagar - Mohali.
big villages doaba.
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