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Bishop of Ardagh

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The church of Saint Mel
Church of St Mel, view across the graveyard.June 2013
List of the Bishops of Ardagh inSt Mel's Cathedral. This list gives the Catholic succession and includesSaint Mél, Melchu,Erhard of Regensburg, several abbots attested in medieval annals, and the Penal-eraVicars Apostolic.

TheBishop of Ardagh was a separateepiscopal title which took its name after the village ofArdagh, County Longford inIreland. It was used by theRoman Catholic Church until 1756, and intermittently by theChurch of Ireland until 1839.[1][2]

Tradition states that a monastery was founded at Ardagh bySt Patrick, and that his nephew,St. Mel (died c.490), was its bishop or abbot. Although there is no historical or archaeological evidence to support it, Mel is regarded as the founder of the see.[3]

The diocese of Ardagh was established in 1111 at theSynod of Rathbreasail as the see for eastConnacht. At the subsequentSynod of Kells in 1152, its area was reduced to the territory of theConmaicne.[4]

Ardagh Cathedral was severely damaged by warfare in 1496 and was never restored. There are remains of an eighth- or ninth-century church at Ardagh, which is known asSt. Mel's Cathedral, although it dates from three centuries after the saint's death, and predates the introduction of a diocesan system in Ireland.

Following theReformation, there were parallelapostolic successions. In theRoman Catholic Church, the bishopric has been united withClonmacnoise since 30 May 1756. Until the mid 19th-century, the parish church ofBallymahon had served as a pro-cathedral for theRoman Catholic Diocese of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise. A newSt Mel's Cathedral inLongford was built for the diocese between 1840 and 1856. The building was destroyed by fire in the early hours of Christmas Day 2009.

In theChurch of Ireland, Ardagh was intermittently held withKilmore between 1604–1633, 1661–1692 and 1693–1742, then held withTuam 1742–1839. Ardagh was again united to Kilmore 1839–1841. Since 1841, Ardagh has been part of the bishopric ofKilmore, Elphin and Ardagh.

Pre-Reformation bishops

[edit]
Pre-Reformation Bishops of Ardagh
FromUntilOrdinaryNotes
bef.11521166Mac Raith ua MóráinPresent at theSynod of Kells in March 1152; resigned in 1166; died 1168
bef.11721178Gilla Crist Ua hEóthaigCalled "bishop ofConmaicne"; died in 1178; also known as Christianus
unknown1188Ua hÉislinnénCalled "bishop of Conmaicne"; died in office
unknown1216Annud Ua MuiredaigDied in office; also known as Adam
12171224Robert,O.Cist.Abbot ofSt. Mary's Abbey, Dublin until became bishop in 1217; died on 27 May 1224
c.1224c.1229Simon MagraithPrior ofInis Mór until became bishop c. 1224; died c. 1229; also known as MacBath or MacGeoffrey
12281230Joseph Mac TeichthecháinElected 1227; consecrated c. 1228; died 1230; also known as Joseph Mac Eódaig ('Magoday')
c.12291230Mac Raith Mac SerraigElected and consecrated c. 1229; died 1230
fl. c.1230Thomas
c.12321237Gilla Ísu mac in Scélaige Ó Tormaid[A]Elected and consecrated c. 1232; died in 1237; also known as Gelasius
c.1232c.1237Iocelinus, O.Cist.[A]Elected and consecrated c. 1232; took control oftemporalities on 1 March 1233; resigned before 1237
12381252Brendán Mac TeichthecháinElected c. 1238; resigned on 15 October 1252; died in 1255; also known as Brendán Mac Eódaig ('Magoday')
12561288Milo of DunstableElected before 20 May 1256; temporalities on 13 January 1257; died on 23 October 1288
12901322Matha Ó hEóthaigElected November 1289; fealty on 28 January 1290; temporalities on 8 April 1290; died in office; also known as Matthaeus
1323(Robert Wirsop, O.E.S.A.)Appointed on 5 April 1323, but did not get possession of the see; translated toConnor on 20 June 1323
13241343Seoán Mág EóaighElected before March and consecrated before 12 May 1324; died in office; also recorded as John Magee
13471367Eóghan alias Maolsheachlainn Ó FearghailElected c. 1344; consecrated c. 1347; died in office
13681373Uilliam Mac CarmaicElected c. 1368; died, by a fall from his horse, before August 1373; also recorded as William MacCarmaic
13731378Cairbre Ó Fearghail[B]Elected before September 1373; died in 1378
1373unknownJohn Aubrey, O.P.[B]Elected before September 1373; appointed on 29 April 1374
1392(Henry Nony, O.P.)Appointed on 29 April 1392, but did not get possession of the see; acted as asuffragan bishop in the dioceses ofExeter 1396–99, andBath & Wells 1400; died after 1400
13951400Comedinus Mac BrádaighAppointed on 20 October 1395 and consecrated after 19 August 1396; died before February 1400; also known as Gilbert MacBrady
14001416Adam Leyns, O.P.Appointed on 15 February 1400; died June 1416
14161423Conchobhar Ó FearghailElected after June 1416; appointed on 17 February 1418; consecrated on 3 February 1419; died in 1423
14251444Risdeárd Ó Fearghail, O.Cist.Elected before January 1425; appointed on 11 January 1425; consecrated after 25 May 1425; died c. June 1444
14441445(Mac Muircheartaigh)Elected in 1444, but not consecrated; resigned in 1455; also known as MacMurtry
1445c.1462Cormac Mác Shamhradháin, O.S.A.Appointed on 6 November 1444; consecrated after 19 February 1445; resigned c. 1462
1462Seaán Ó Fearghail[C]Appointed on 30 July, but blocked on 26 November 1462
14671469Donatus Ó FearghailAppointed on 12 October 1467; died before 28 July 1469
14671479Seaán Ó Fearghail (again)Appointed (again) on 28 July 1469; died before 1479
14821516Uilliam Ó Fearghail, O.Cist.Appointed on 4 August 1480 and consecrated on 11 August 1482; died in 1516
Sources:[5][6][7][8]

Bishops during the Reformation

[edit]
Bishops of Ardagh during the Reformation
FromUntilOrdinaryNotes
15171540Rory O'MaloneKnown in Irish as Ruaidhrí Ó Máel Eóin; appointed byPope Leo X on 14 December 1517; not known if he acknowledgedRoyal supremacy; died in 1540
15411553Richard Ó FearghailNominated byKing Henry VIII on 2 May 1541 and consecrated on 22 April 1542; died 1553
1541/53c.1572/75Patrick MacMahon,O.F.M.Appointed byPope Paul III on 14 November 1541 in opposition to Ó Fearghail; recognised sole bishop in 1553 when Ireland restoredPapal supremacy in the reign ofQueen Mary I, but after the accession ofQueen Elizabeth I his position is uncertain; died c. 1572 or 1575
Sources:[9][10]

Post-Reformation bishops

[edit]

Church of Ireland succession

[edit]
Church of Ireland Bishops of Ardagh
FromUntilOrdinaryNotes
1572(John Garvey)Nominated on 6 November 1572, but never consecrated; later becameBishop of Kilmore in 1585, andArchbishop of Armagh in 1589
15721583See vacant
15831601Lysach Ó FearghailNominated on 4 November 1583; died before 26 April 1601
16041633See part of the unitedbishopric of Kilmore and Ardagh
16331654John Richardson, D.D.Nominated on 8 April and consecrated in September 1633; also was Archdeacon of Derry 1622–34, then Archdeacon of Down 1639–54; left Ireland before theRebellion of 1641; died in London on 11 August 1654
16541661See vacant
16611692See part of the unitedbishopric of Kilmore and Ardagh
1692Ulysses Burgh, D.D.PreviouslyDean of Emly Cathedral; nominated bishop of Ardagh on 7 April and appointed byletters patent on 8 September 1692; consecrated atChrist Church Cathedral, Dublin on 11 September 1692; died later in the same year
16931742See part of the unitedbishopric of Kilmore and Ardagh
17421839See part of theAnglicanarchbishopric of Tuam
18391841See part of the unitedbishopric of Kilmore and Ardagh
since 1841See part of the unitedbishopric of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh.
Sources:[8][11][12][13]

Roman Catholic succession

[edit]
Roman Catholic Bishops of Ardagh
FromUntilOrdinaryNotes
c.1572/751576See vacant
15761580Richard Brady, O.F.M.Appointed on 23 January 1576; translated toKilmore on 9 March 1580
15811587Edmund MacGauranAppointed on 11 September 1581; translated toArmagh on 1 July 1587
15801622See vacant
1622c.1637(John Gaffney)AppointedVicar Apostolic of Ardagh bypapal brief 14 January 1622; died c. 1637
1637unknown(Cornelius Gaffney)NamedVicar General, but no record of a papal brief appointing him Vicar Apostolic; remained as vicar general during the episcopate of Patrick Plunket
16471669Patrick Plunkett, O.Cist.Appointed on 11 March 1647; consecrated in March 1648; left Ireland c. 1652 and did not return until 1664; translated toMeath on 11 January 1669
16691683(Gerard Farrell)Appointed Vicar Apostolic of Ardagh by papal brief on 31 July 1669; died in June 1683
1688unknown(Gregory Fallon)AppointedApostolic Administrator of Ardagh andBishop of Clonmacnoise; proposed on 17 May 1688; appointed by papal brief on 1 July 1697; died c. 1698
1696unknown(Charles Tiernan)Appointed Vicar Apostolic of Ardagh by papal brief on 6 July 1696
1699unknown(Bernard Donogher)Appointed Vicar Apostolic of Ardagh by papal brief on 20 August 1699
17091711(Ambrose O'ConorO.P.)Appointed Vicar Apostolic of Ardagh; proposed on 16 June 1709, but never consecrated; died on 20 February 1711
17181730Thomas FlynnAppointed on 18 May 1718; consecrated on 15 July 1718; died on 29 January 1730
17301739Peter Mulligan,O.E.S.A.Appointed in September 1730; papal brief on 9 May 1732; died on 23 July 1739
17391747Thomas O'BeirneAppointed on 19 September 1739; died in February 1747
17471751Thomas MacDermot RoeAppointed on 8 May 1747; died in February 1751
17511756Augustine Cheevers,O.S.A.Appointed on 17 July 1751; translated toMeath on 7 August 1756
since 1756See part of the unitedbishopric of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise
Sources:[14][15]

Notes

[edit]
  • A These two bishops appear as rival bishops, and the rivalry was continued to 1237.
  • B There was a disputed election after the death of Uilliam Mac Carmaic in 1373. Cairbre Ó Feaghail died at Avignon in 1378, and it is not certain that he ever got possession of the see. John Aubrey, O.P., friar of Trim, was one of the three rival candidates in 1373. (The third candidate was Richard O'Farrell, Dean of Ardagh).
  • C The date of Cormac Mác Shamhradháin's resignation is uncertain, but a 'Joh.', bishop-elect of Ardagh, was in Rome in 1463.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Fryde,Handbook of British Chronology, pp. 328–329, 378–379 and 412–413.
  2. ^Cotton,The Province of Ulster, pp. 179–182.
  3. ^Ryan, J. J."Ardagh". Catholic Encyclopedia. Retrieved23 July 2010.
  4. ^Galloway,The Cathedrals of Ireland.
  5. ^Fryde,Handbook of British Chronology, pp. 328–329.
  6. ^Cotton,The Province of Ulster, pp. 178–182.
  7. ^Moody,Maps, Genealogies, Lists, pp. 271–273.
  8. ^ab"Historical successions: Ardagh".Crockford's Clerical Directory. Retrieved6 January 2012.
  9. ^Fryde,Handbook of British Chronology, pp. 332, 378, and 413.
  10. ^Moody,Maps, Genealogies, Lists, pp. 273, 339, and 395.
  11. ^Fryde,Handbook of British Chronology, pp. 378–379.
  12. ^Cotton,The Province of Ulster, pp. 182–185.
  13. ^Moody,Maps, Genealogies, Lists, pp. 395–396.
  14. ^Fryde,Handbook of British Chronology, pp. 412–413.
  15. ^Moody,Maps, Genealogies, Lists, pp. 339–340.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Cotton, Henry (1849).The Province of Ulster. Fasti Ecclesiae Hiberniae: The Succession of the Prelates and Members of the Cathedral Bodies of Ireland. Vol. III. Dublin: Hodges and Smith.
  • Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I., eds. (1986).Handbook of British Chronology (3rd, reprinted 2003 ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
  • Galloway, Peter (1992).The Cathedrals of Ireland. Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast.ISBN 0-85389-452-3.
  • Moody, T. W.; Martin, F. X.; Byrne, F. J., eds. (1984).Maps, Genealogies, Lists: A Companion to Irish History, Part II. New History of Ireland. Vol. XI. Oxford: Oxford University Press.ISBN 0-19-821745-5.

External links

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