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Bingzhou, orBing Province, was a location in ancient China. According to legend, whenYu the Great (c. 2200 BC-2100 BC) tamed the flood, he divided the land of China into theNine Provinces. Historical texts such as theRites of Zhou, and "Treatise on Geography" section (volume 28) of theBook of Han, recorded that Bingzhou was one of the Nine Provinces. Bingzhou covered roughly the areas around present-dayBaoding,Hebei, andTaiyuan andDatong inShanxi.

Since the fifth century BC Bingzhou had been separated from theOrdos Desert repeatedly by a series of walls that would form theGreat Wall of China.

In 106 BCE, during theWestern Han dynasty (206 BCE – 9 CE),Emperor Wu divided the Han Empire into thirteen administrative divisions, of which Bingzhou was one. Bingzhou covered most of present-dayShanxi and parts ofHebei andInner Mongolia. During theEastern Han dynasty (25–220) Bingzhou's capital was designated in Jinyang County (晉陽縣; present-dayJinyuan District,Taiyuan, Shanxi), and the regions under its jurisdiction included most of present-day Shanxi, northernShaanxi and parts of Inner Mongolia. In 213 Bingzhou was absorbed into another administrative division,Jizhou (or Ji Province). Near the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, during a succession dispute among the heirs of the warlordYuan Shao (d. 202), Bingzhou eventually came under the control of Yuan's rival,Cao Cao (155–220). Yuan Shao's nephewGao Gan surrendered to Cao in 203, rebelled in 205, but was defeated and killed by Cao in 206, and Bing Province was definitively annexed. Cao Cao movedXiongnu herdsmen into Bingzhou and the adjacentOrdos Desert. By the 280s approximately 400,000 Xiongnu lived there, who later founded the states ofHan-Zhao (304–319) andLater Zhao (319–351).

Bingzhou was restored in 220 under theCao Wei regime during theThree Kingdoms period (220–280) but the area under its control was reduced as compared to during the Eastern Han dynasty.

In 396 during theSixteen Kingdoms period (304–439), Bingzhou's capital was in Puban County (蒲坂縣; southwest of present-dayYongji,Shanxi), and the areas it covered were mainly in present-day southwestern Shanxi. Bingzhou was abolished in 399.

• Provinces of ancient China
• Provinces of the Han dynasty

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