Beverly Hills is a city inLos Angeles County, California, United States. Asuburb of Los Angeles, it is located southwest of theHollywood Hills, approximately 12.2 miles (19.6 km) northwest ofdowntown Los Angeles.[7] The city's land area totals 5.71 square miles (14.8 km2) and (together with the neighboring smaller city ofWest Hollywood to the east) is entirely surrounded by the city of Los Angeles. According to the2020 census,[8] the city has a population of 32,701, marking a decrease of 1,408 from the2010 census count of 34,109.
After its initial settlement in 1828, Beverly Hills was originally a primarilyagricultural community centered aroundRancho Rodeo de las Aguas, a Mexican-erarancho grant. Beverly Hills was firstincorporated as a city in September 1914 by a group of investors who had failed to findoil but found water instead, and eventually decided to develop it into a town.
Gaspar de Portolá arrived in the area that would later become Beverly Hills on August 3, 1769, traveling along native trails which followed the present-day route ofWilshire Boulevard. The area was settled byCalifornio rancheraMaría Rita Quinteros de Valdez and her husband in 1828.[9] They called their 4,500 acres (18 km2) of property theRancho Rodeo de las Aguas.[10] In 1854, she sold the ranch toBenjamin Davis Wilson (1811–1878) and Henry Hancock (1822–1883).[9] By the 1880s, the ranch had been subdivided into parcels of 75 acres (0.30 km2) and was being rapidly bought up byAnglos from Los Angeles and the East coast.[10]
Henry Hammel and Andrew H. Denker acquired most of it and used it for farming lima beans.[9][11] At this point, the area was known as the Hammel and Denker Ranch.[9] By 1888, they were planning to build a town called Morocco on their holdings.[9][12]
Percy H. Clark Company are managing the development of the foothill portion of the Hammel & Denker ranch for the Rodeo Land and Water Company (the Canfield-Huntington-Kerckhoff syndicate), to be known as Beverly Hills. No expense is being spared to make this a fine suburban district. . . . The property has been laid out on beautiful curved lines.
Beverly Hills was one of manyall-whiteplanned communities started in the Los Angeles area around this time.[18]Restrictive covenants prohibited non-whites from owning or renting property, unless they were employed as servants by white residents.[12]: 57 It was also forbidden to sell or rent property toJews in Beverly Hills.[19]
Burton Green began construction onThe Beverly Hills Hotel in 1911. The hotel was finished in 1912. The visitors drawn by the hotel were inclined to purchase land in Beverly Hills, and by 1914 the population had grown enough to qualify for incorporation as an independent city.[13] That same year, the Rodeo Land and Water Company decided to separate its water business from its real estate business. The Beverly Hills Utility Commission was split off from the land company and incorporated in September 1914, buying all of the utilities-related assets from the Rodeo Land and Water Company.[20]
In 1919,Douglas Fairbanks andMary Pickford bought land on Summit Drive and built a mansion, finished in 1921[21] and nicknamed "Pickfair" by the press.[22] The glamour associated with Fairbanks and Pickford as well as other movie stars who built mansions in the city contributed to its growing appeal.[21]
By the early 1920s, the population of Beverly Hills had grown enough to make the water supply a political issue.[23] In 1923, the usual solution, annexation to the city of Los Angeles, was proposed.[10]: 65 There was considerable opposition to annexation among such famous residents as Pickford, Fairbanks,Will Rogers[24] andRudolph Valentino.[25] The Beverly Hills Utility Commission, opposed to annexation as well, managed to force the city into a special election and the plan was defeated 337 to 507.[10]: 65
In 1928, theBeverly Wilshire Apartment Hotel (now the Beverly Wilshire Hotel) opened on Wilshire Boulevard between El Camino and Rodeo drives, part of the oldBeverly Hills Speedway.[26] That same year, oilmanEdward L. Doheny finished construction ofGreystone Mansion, a 55-room mansion meant as a wedding present for his son Edward L. Doheny Jr. The house is now owned by the city of Beverly Hills and is a designated historical landmark.[27]
In the early 1930s, Santa Monica Park was renamedBeverly Gardens and was extended to span the entire two-mile (3-kilometer) length of Santa Monica Boulevard through the city. TheElectric Fountain marks the corner of Santa Monica Blvd. and Wilshire Blvd. with a small sculpture at the top of aTongva kneeling in prayer. In April 1931, the newItalian Renaissance-styleBeverly Hills City Hall was opened.[17]: 9
In the early 1940s, black actors and businessmen had begun to move into Beverly Hills, despite the covenants allowing only whites to live in the city. A neighborhood improvement association attempted to enforce the covenants in court. The defendants included prominent artistsHattie McDaniel,Louise Beavers, andEthel Waters. Among the white residents supporting the lawsuit against blacks wasHarold Lloyd, the silent film star. TheNAACP participated in the defense, which was successful. In his decision, federal judgeThurmond Clarke said that it was time that "members of the Negro race are accorded, without reservations or evasions, the full rights guaranteed to them under the 14th amendment."[28] TheUnited States Supreme Court declared restrictive covenants unenforceable in 1948 inShelley v. Kraemer. A group of Jewish residents of Beverly Hills filed anamicus brief in this case.[29]
In 2001, LACMTA proposed abus rapid transit route down Santa Monica Boulevard, but this was opposed by the city and never built. This stretch of road is served by less efficientMetro Rapid buses using pre-existing roadways.[42] By 2010, traffic in Beverly Hills and surrounding areas had deteriorated enough that the city's habitual opposition had largely turned to support for subways within the city limits.[44] As part of theD Line Extension project, theD Line of theLos Angeles Metro Rail was intended in 2013 to be extended through Beverly Hills, adding two underground stations at Wilshire/La Cienega and Beverly Drive by the 2020s.[45]
The city of Beverly Hills widely opposedProposition 8, the 2008 ballot measure which repealed legal recognition of same-sex marriages. The proposition narrowly passed statewide, but in Beverly Hills, only 34% voted in favor, and 66% voted against it.[46]
In the midst of the2015 drought, Beverly Hills was found to be one of the largest water consumers in California. As a result, it was asked by the state to reduce consumption by 36%, prompting many residents to replace their lawns withnative plants. Meanwhile, the city government replaced the grass in front of theCity Hall withMexican sage.[47]
In September 2015, the City of Beverly Hills signed an agreement with Israel to work together on water use as well as "cybersecurity, public health, emergency services, disaster preparedness, public safety, counterterrorism and art and culture".[48]
In July 2016, the City of Beverly Hills received the Livability Award from theUnited States Conference of Mayors for its Ambassador Program, which takes care of the city's homeless population.[49]
The Beverly Hills Community Dog Park was dedicated on September 6, 2016.[50][51]
In 2024, the California Attorney General held Beverly Hills accountable for preventing reproductive health clinic from opening, failing to protect California's Constitutional Right to Abortion.[52]
Beverly Hills and the neighboring city ofWest Hollywood are together entirely surrounded by the city of Los Angeles. Beverly Hills is bordered on the northwest by the Los Angeles neighborhood ofBel Air and theSanta Monica Mountains, on the east by West Hollywood, theCarthay neighborhood of Los Angeles, and theFairfax District of Los Angeles, and on the south by theBeverlywood neighborhood of Los Angeles.[53] The area's "Platinum Triangle" is formed by the city of Beverly Hills and the Los Angeles neighborhoods of Bel Air andHolmby Hills.
The ZIP codes for Beverly Hills are 90209 (P.O. boxes only), 90210, 90211, 90212, and 90213 (P.O. boxes only).[6]
Trousdale Estates is a 410-acre neighborhood of large, luxurious homes in Beverly Hills. It was primarily developed in the 1950s and early 1960s byPaul Trousdale, who petitioned the city to incorporate the land into Beverly Hills soon after purchasing it from theDoheny family.[54]Greystone Mansion, which is listed on theNational Register of Historic Places, is in Trousdale Estates.[55] The average sale price of homes in Trousdale is over $10 million.[56]
In a triangle surrounded by Santa Monica Boulevard, Wilshire Boulevard and Crescent Drive isDowntown Beverly Hills, also known as theGolden Triangle, a retail and dining hub attracting locals, and in some sections attracting visitors from across the region and around the world.
Linden, Roxbury, Bedford and Camden drives, short streets catering to residents' needs, lined with medical offices, bank branches, delicatessens, etc.
Beverly Drive, lined with upscale chain retailers commonly found in malls. Some restaurants line Beverly Drive as well.[57]
Cañon and Crescent drives, attracting local and regional shoppers and diners to restaurants such asSpago as well as local favorites, particularly along Cañon.[57]
South Beverly Drive, i.e. south of Wilshire Boulevard, is another dining and shopping hub.[58]
Houses south of Wilshire Boulevard have more urban square and rectangular lots, in general smaller than those to the north. There are also more apartment buildings south of Wilshire Boulevard than anywhere else in Beverly Hills.
The city's West Gateway onWilshire Blvd. borders theLos Angeles Country Club.[59] The gateway features a hospitality complex consisting ofThe Beverly Hilton, Waldorf Astoria Beverly Hills, and the currently under-construction One Beverly Hills.[60] This development will include the tallest tower in Beverly Hills.[61] Across from this complex is one of the city's elementary schools,El Rodeo.[62]
The South East is anchored byLa Cienega Park, a large park that includes city tennis court complex, baseball field, and soccer fields.[63] The region includes the historicSaban Theater as well as the "Restaurant Row" corridor of La Cienega, includingLawry's, Stinking Rose, and Matsuhisa.[64] It also includes a corridor of medical buildings and office tower, including the Flynt Building, the 99 La Cienega Medical building, and the 240 Medical building.[65] South East Beverly Hills is the site of one of the twoMetro D Line stations in the city, theWilshire/La Cienega station, expected to open in 2025.[66] The area is just south of theBeverly Center andCedars-Sinai.
Beverly Hills Post Office (BHPO) is the name given to a section directly north of the Beverly Hills city limits that lies within the 90210 ZIP code, assigned to the Beverly Hills Post Office, but is part of the City of Los Angeles.
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Beverly Hills has a warmMediterranean climate and receives an average 15 inches (380 mm) of rain per year. Summers are marked by warm to hot temperatures with very little wind, while winters are mild to moderate, with occasional rain alternating with periods ofSanta Ana winds. Measurable snowfall has been recorded only in 1882, 1922, 1932, 1949 and 1958.
Beverly Hills first appeared as a city in the1920 U.S. census as part of the now defunct Cahuenga Township.[76]
Beverly Hills city, California – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
The census reported that 99.7% of the population lived in households, 0.2% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0.2% were institutionalized.[93]
There were 14,564 households, out of which 22.2% included children under the age of 18, 41.5% were married-couple households, 4.4% werecohabiting couple households, 35.7% had a female householder with no partner present, and 18.4% had a male householder with no partner present. 37.2% of households were one person, and 14.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.24.[93] There were 8,046families (55.2% of all households).[94]
The age distribution was 16.9% under the age of 18, 8.0% aged 18 to 24, 24.5% aged 25 to 44, 27.1% aged 45 to 64, and 23.5% who were 65years of age or older. The median age was 45.5years. For every 100 females, there were 85.0 males.[93]
There were 16,242 housing units at an average density of 2,845.5 units per square mile (1,098.7 units/km2), of which 14,564 (89.7%) were occupied. Of these, 42.0% were owner-occupied, and 58.0% were occupied by renters.[93]
During 2019–2023, Beverly Hills had a median household income of $127,979, with 9.0% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[95]
The2010 United States census[96] reported that Beverly Hills had a population of 34,109. The population density was 5,973.1 inhabitants per square mile (2,306.2/km2). The racial makeup of Beverly Hills was 28,112 (82.4%)White (78.6% Non-Hispanic White),[97] 746 (2.2%)African American, 48 (0.1%)Native American, 3,032 (8.9%)Asian, 12 (0.0%)Pacific Islander, 485 (1.4%) fromother races, and 1,674 (4.9%) from two or more races. There were 1,941 residents ofHispanic orLatino ancestry, of any race (5.7%).
The Census reported that 33,988 people (99.6% of the population) lived in households, 121 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.
There were 14,869 households, out of which 3,759 (25.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 6,613 (44.5%) wereopposite-sex married couples living together, 1,354 (9.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 494 (3.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 460 (3.1%)unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 131 (0.9%)same-sex married couples or partnerships. 5,400 households (36.3%) were made up of individuals, and 1,834 (12.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29. There were 8,461families (56.9% of all households); the average family size was 3.05.
There were 6,623 residents (19.4%) under the age of 18, 2,526 (7.4%) aged 18 to 24, 8,540 (25.0%) aged 25 to 44, 9,904 (29.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,516 (19.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.3 males.
There were 16,394 housing units at an average density of 2,870.9 units per square mile (1,108.5 units/km2), of which 6,561 (44.1%) were owner-occupied, and 8,308 (55.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.0%. 17,740 people (52.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 16,248 people (47.6%) lived in rental housing units.
During 2009–2013, Beverly Hills had a median household income of $86,141, with 8.8% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[97]
Hilton Hotels Corporation formerly had its corporate headquarters in Beverly Hills. The original headquarters ofGeoCities (at first Beverly Hills Internet) was at 9401 Wilshire Boulevard in Beverly Hills.[99]
The largeBeverly Hills Oil Field has four urban drilling islands, which drill diagonally into the earth underneath the city. One drilling island occasioned a 2003 lawsuit representing former attendees of Beverly Hills High School, approximately 280 of which having suffered from cancers allegedly tied to the drilling operations.[100] The oil site on the high school grounds is in the process of being shut down.[101]
Beverly Hills is ageneral law city governed by a five-membercity council, including themayor and vice mayor. The city council hires acity manager to carry out policies and serve as executive officer. Until 2017, every odd-numbered year, either two or three members were elected for four-year terms. However, in 2017, the council changed its cycle to conform with statewide elections; the first such election was held in March 2020.[102] Each April, the city council meets and chooses one of its members as mayor and one as vice-mayor. As of April 2025, Sharona R. Nazarian is mayor,John Mirisch is vice mayor, and Lester Friedman, Craig Corman, and Mary Wells are councilmembers.[103] Nancy Hunt-Coffey serves as city manager.[3]
On January 1, 2022, Beverly Hills became the first city in America to ban the sale of all tobacco products. Smoking lounges and hotels are exempt from the new law. The city council enacted the law in June 2021. Flavored tobacco was already banned.[108]
In the 2024 Los Angeles County District Attorney election, a significant majority of Beverly Hills voters, 73.51% (13,126 votes), voted forNathan Hochman, whereas only 17.17% (3,077 votes) backedGeorge Gascón.[125]
In the 2024 Election for California's 36th congressional district, 44.67% (7,978 voters) of Beverly Hills backed Melissa Toomim, whereas 43.71% (7,806 voters) of the city voted for the incumbent,Ted Lieu.[126]
Beverly Hills is served byBeverly Hills Unified School District, which includes two kindergarten-through-fifth-grade schools (El Rodeo and Horace Mann), one middle school (Beverly Vista) andBeverly Hills High School. One alternative school, Moreno High School, shares its campus with the aforementioned Beverly Hills High School.
Beverly Hills also has several private schools. Good Shepherd School, a PreK-8 school, is a part of theRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles. Other private schools include Harkham Hillel Hebrew Academy.
TheUnited States Postal Service operates the Beverly Hills Post Office at 325 North Maple Drive,[129] the Crescent Post Office at 323 North Crescent Drive,[130] the Beverly Post Office at 312 South Beverly Drive,[131] and the Eastgate Post Office at 8383 Wilshire Boulevard.[132][133] The former Beverly Hills Post Office was listed on theNational Register of Historic Places on January 11, 1985.[134]
In April 2016,[135] the Beverly Hills City Council passed a resolution[136] to create autonomous vehicles for public transportation within the next decade.[137] Mayor John Mirisch said this was one of his top priorities during his tenure as mayor. "This is a game-changer for Beverly Hills and, we hope, for the region," said Mirisch in the press release. "Beverly Hills is the perfect community to take the lead to make this technology a reality. It is now both feasible and safe for autonomous cars to be on the road."[138]
Beverly Hills frequently appears in popular culture as a place of conspicuous wealth or luxury, although the actual demographics of the city are more complex.[141] In some films, such as 1990'sPretty Woman, substantial filming took place in the city; in many others, however, such asBeverly Hills Cop (1984), little is shown besides establishing shots of landmarks such as the Beverly Hills Hotel and Rodeo Drive.
In television, the scene in the opening credits ofThe Andy Griffith Show (1960–1968), in which Sheriff Taylor and Opie carry fishing poles past a pond, was shot at theFranklin Canyon Reservoir north of the city, just west of Coldwater Canyon.[142] The CBS sitcomThe Beverly Hillbillies (1962–1971) followed a hillbilly family who relocate to Beverly Hills from theOzarks. The city also features in the name of the 1990s soap operaBeverly Hills, 90210, revolving around the lives of teenagers attending the fictional West Beverly Hills High School.[143][144]
Beverly Hills appears in the 2005 video gameTony Hawk's American Wasteland. It is where the player's skatepark is located, also being featured as an area the player can steal items for the skatepark.[146]
^Price, Steven M. (January 17, 2017).Trousdale Estates: Midcentury to Modern in Beverly Hills. Dunning, Brad; Schmidt, Stephen. New York, NY: Regan Arts.ISBN9781941393376.OCLC961859428.
^Bozorgmehr, Mehdi, Claudia Der-Martirosian, and Georges Sabagh. "Middle Easterners: A New Kind of Immigrant" (Chapter 12). In: Waldinger, Roger and Mehdi Bozorgmehr (editors).Ethnic Los Angeles.Russell Sage Foundation, December 5, 1996. Start page345.ISBN1610445473,ISBN9781610445474. Cited: p.347. "[...]in Beverly Hills, Bel Air, and Brentwood, known in local parlance as "the three Bs.""
^Melton, Mary. "The Stars of Star Maps."Los Angeles Times. August 25, 1996. "Each map tends to cover the "three Bs": Brentwood, Bel-Air and Beverly Hills. A few toss in a Malibu sidebar."
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