31°44′44″N34°59′12″E / 31.74556°N 34.98667°E /31.74556; 34.98667
Beit Shemesh בית שמש | |
|---|---|
| Hebrew transcription(s) | |
| • ISO 259 | Beit Šemš |
| • Also spelled | Bet Shemesh (official) |
     | |
 Coat of arms | |
 | |
| Country |  Israel |
| District | Jerusalem District |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Shmuel Greenberg[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 34,259dunams (34.259 km2; 13.227 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[2] | |
• Total | 167,318 |
| • Density | 4,883.9/km2 (12,649/sq mi) |
| Ethnicity | |
| • Jews and others | 99.9% |
| • Arabs | 0.1% |
| Name meaning | House of the Sun |
Beit Shemesh (Hebrew:בית שמש,lit. 'House of the Sun') is acity located approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) west ofJerusalem inIsrael'sJerusalem District. A center ofHaredi Judaism andModern Orthodoxy, Beit Shemesh has a population of 167,318 as of 2023.[2]
The city is named after and located near theremains of ancient Beth Shemesh, a biblical city of the territory ofJudah.[3]
The small archaeologicaltell northwest of the modern city was identified in the late 1830s as BiblicalBeth Shemesh – it was known as Ain Shams – byEdward Robinson.[4] The mound hosts the ruins of an ancient city that belonged to the tribe ofJudah.[3] Excavations were carried out in various phases during the 20th century.
There are also other ancient ruins and findings within the boundaries of the modern municipality. In the area of the neighborhood called Ramat Beit Shemesh, a series of Hebrew-languageostraca were found, dating from theperiod of the First Temple, which shed light on theKingdom of Judah in the 7th century BCE.[5][6]
The area that comprises Beit Shemesh today was under Ottoman rule and later theBritish Mandate of Palestine. The Ramat Beit Shemesh neighborhood area was the site belonging to the Arab villageBayt Nattif, which was built on remnants of an ancient Judean town, with various remnants of Jewish settlement from the time, such as a mosaic floor, wineries and other remains, especially from the period of theHasmonean kings and earlier. This area is currently under dispute about preservation, having been the subject of agrassroots campaign.[citation needed] Under the proposedUnited Nations Partition Plan for Palestine, the town was slated to be part of an internationalized Jerusalem. ThePalestinian Arab population of Bayt Nattif fled the village following an Israeli Air Force bombing campaign in October 1948, during the1948 Arab-Israeli War.[7] Israeli forces later completely destroyed Bayt Nattif along with other Arab villages.[8][9][10] Afterwards, the Harel Brigade drove out all Palestinian refugees they found in the area south of Bayt Nattif.[11]
On 6 December 1950, theHartuvdisplaced persons camp "Ma'abarat Har-Tuv" was established on the site of the current-day MoshavNaham. The first inhabitants wereJewish Bulgarian immigrants. They were joined by more Jewish immigrants from Bulgaria,Iran,Iraq,Romania,Morocco, andKurdistan.
In 1952, the first permanent houses were built in Beit Shemesh. In its early years, Beit Shemesh came to typify the "Development Town" with a largelyMaghrebi immigrant population. In 1977, following a writeup inHaaretz newspaper, Beit Shemesh was perceived as the main outpost forMenachem Begin'sLikud party. He promised to rehabilitate neighborhoods and when the Likud party came to power that year, investment in the city increased.[citation needed]
Building of a new area of Beit Shemesh called "Givat Sharett" commenced on the hill adjacent to, and immediately to the south of, the original part of Beit Shemesh (the original area now being colloquially referred to as "Old Beit Shemesh" despite continuing building there and in the rest of the city).
TheIsrael Police maintains a bomb disposal specialist unit and training center in Beit Shemesh.[12]
The Nahala U'Menucha neighborhood, the Sheinfeld neighborhood, the Nofei Aviv neighborhood and the Migdal HaMayim neighborhood all began to be built in the early 1990s in Givat Sharret. Ramat Beit Shemesh started to be built on hills immediately south of Givat Sharett in the late 1990s, doubling the size of the city. In 2017, the Israeli government approved a master plan to build 17,000 new housing units along with 53 hectares (130 acres) zoned as new commercial space for businesses and hotels.[13][14] It is expected that the city could be home to as many as 250,000 residents by 2025 and 350,000 by 2035. A new commercial center in the Ramat Beit Shemesh neighborhood is planned to be the city's largest.[15] In 2020, the construction of a hospital in Beit Shemesh, which will be run as a branch ofHadassah Medical Center, was approved.[16]
Beit Shemesh has aMediterranean climate (Köppen:Csa),[17] with mild, rainy winters and hot, nearly rainless summers.
| Climate data for Beit Shemesh (Beit Jimal) (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 29.2 (84.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 37.0 (98.6) | 40.6 (105.1) | 42.3 (108.1) | 43.1 (109.6) | 40.5 (104.9) | 40.9 (105.6) | 42.3 (108.1) | 41.2 (106.2) | 34.5 (94.1) | 32.1 (89.8) | 43.1 (109.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.1 (62.8) | 18.1 (64.6) | 21.0 (69.8) | 25.4 (77.7) | 29.3 (84.7) | 31.7 (89.1) | 33.1 (91.6) | 33.4 (92.1) | 32.1 (89.8) | 29.5 (85.1) | 24.3 (75.7) | 19.3 (66.7) | 26.2 (79.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.1 (55.6) | 13.8 (56.8) | 16.1 (61.0) | 19.5 (67.1) | 23.0 (73.4) | 25.4 (77.7) | 27.2 (81.0) | 27.6 (81.7) | 26.5 (79.7) | 24.1 (75.4) | 19.7 (67.5) | 15.2 (59.4) | 20.9 (69.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.1 (48.4) | 9.4 (48.9) | 11.1 (52.0) | 13.7 (56.7) | 16.7 (62.1) | 19.1 (66.4) | 21.2 (70.2) | 21.7 (71.1) | 20.8 (69.4) | 18.7 (65.7) | 15.0 (59.0) | 11.1 (52.0) | 15.6 (60.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) | 0.2 (32.4) | 2.0 (35.6) | 3.4 (38.1) | 9.5 (49.1) | 13.0 (55.4) | 17.4 (63.3) | 18.6 (65.5) | 13.9 (57.0) | 11.9 (53.4) | 6.7 (44.1) | 0.6 (33.1) | 0.0 (32.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 135.9 (5.35) | 108.6 (4.28) | 61.1 (2.41) | 15.1 (0.59) | 6.9 (0.27) | 0.2 (0.01) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.3 (0.01) | 15.0 (0.59) | 56.9 (2.24) | 110.1 (4.33) | 510.1 (20.08) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.4 | 8.2 | 5.4 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 4.7 | 7.2 | 39.9 |
| Source:NOAA[18] | |||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1955 | 3,000 | — |
| 1961 | 6,986 | +15.13% |
| 1972 | 10,111 | +3.42% |
| 1983 | 12,956 | +2.28% |
| 1995 | 24,179 | +5.34% |
| 2000 | 44,200 | +12.82% |
| 2005 | 65,900 | +8.32% |
| 2015 | 103,900 | +4.66% |
| 2019 | 124,957 | +4.72% |
| 2024 | 170,683 | +6.44% |
| 2025 | 181,986 | +6.62% |
| Source:CBS | ||
When the city was built in the 1950s, it was initially settled bynew immigrants fromIran,Iraq,Romania,Bulgaria,Morocco, andIraqi Kurdistan. In the 1990s, the city saw a large influx of new immigrants from the formerSoviet Union,Ethiopia, andEnglish-speaking countries, turning it into a major center forimmigrants from English-speaking countries (Anglo-Saxim). Considerable numbers have come fromNorth America, theUnited Kingdom,South Africa, andAustralia. This population tends to be Orthodox, educated, and from middle-income groups. At the same time, Orthodox Jews from within Israel also began moving to the city, seeking roomier, low-cost housing.[19][20]
According to a city councilor, there were no "ultra-Orthodox" a/kHaredim groups in Beit Shemesh before the 1990s.[21] Since then, Beit Shemesh has become increasinglyreligious, with a large Haredi sector, particularly in Ramat Beit Shemesh. Manysynagogues andyeshivas have been built in the city. Religious communities represented in Beit Shemesh includeChabadGer,Belz, American Modern Orthodox and American Yeshivish, French Sefardim, South African Modern Orthodox, Israeli Dati Leumi and more recently a Spanish speaking community. In 2011 Haredim made up 40% of the population. According to statistics published by the municipality, 63% of the city's schoolchildren in 2010 were Haredim.[22] 75% of the children entering the first grade in the 2012/2013 academic year were registered registered in official Haredi institutions.[23]
Ramat Beit Shemesh is an expansion that lies directly adjacent to, and to the south of, the neighborhood of Givat Sharett in Beit Shemesh, which itself was an earlier extension of Beit Shemesh built on a hill immediately to the south of "Old Beit Shemesh". Ramat Beit Shemesh is located on a hill overlooking Givat Sharett. Ramat Beit Shemesh has a large, diverse Orthodox population. Originally, it consisted of two areas:Ramat Beit Shemesh Alef andRamat Beit Shemesh Bet. InRamat Beit Shemesh Bet, families belonging toEda Haredit constitute the majority.[22] In 2002, following tensions between the Haredi and non-religious population, plans were drawn up to build another secular neighborhood, HaShachar. In 2007,Ramat Shilo, considered asubdistrict of Ramat Beit Shemesh, with bothDati Leumi and Haredi residents was built. In 2009, it was announced that a new neighborhood,Ramat Beit Shemesh Gimmel, would be built as a largely Haredi neighborhood on a large block of state-owned land bordering southern Beit Shemesh.[22] In 2016 the Israeli Land Authority published tenders for 3,268 new apartments, to be built in the newly proposed areas ofRamat Beit Shemesh Dalet and Hey. According to plans, ultimately there are to be 8,300 new apartments inRBS Dalet alone.[24]
Ramat Beit Shemesh Aleph (Hebrew:רמת בית שמש א) is a neighborhood of Beit Shemesh comprising about 25,000 people. The neighborhood has numerous parks and public areas. The newest park is Yarmut Park, the biggest in Beit Shemesh. Shopping is plentiful as well, with 4 supermarkets and a shopping area with over 130 shops. The area has a few different sections each with its own unique touch and strong points. There is the Dolev section, the Revivim section, and the Mishkenos Yaakov section.
The Dolev section contains a heterogeneous mix of native Israelis and immigrants. Religiosity varies as well fromHareidi untilMasorti orDati Leumi, with each group having its own synagogues and schools, in general. Masos/Masot Mordechai is a place where all types come together to pray at all times of the day. Points of interest in the Dolev section are the Matnas, a community center that services all types of Jews of the RBS A community, and Park Center, a mini-mall of various stores and restaurants. Streets include Dolev, Lachish, Shimshon, Timnah, Yarkon, and Yarden.
The Revivim section is lower down than Dolev. This area is populated mostly by Haredim, both Israeli and ofAnglo descent, with religious levels ranging from American religious all the way to a few Yerushalmis. With the majority being Olim (immigrants to Israel), in this case primarily from the US, much of the neighborhood is connected to an American Minyan such as the Gra, Pnei Shmuel, or others. There is a big emphasis on living a Torah lifestyle which pervades the area. Streets include Revivim, Ramot, Gilo, Noam, and Achziv. (A way to remember these streets is their geographic location, from west to east, and from lower to higher on the hill. After Noam, come the GRA streets (Gilo, Ramot, Achziv), which culminate near the GRA shul.)
The Mishkenos Yaakov section is located next to the Merkaz (centralshopping area). Here the population is almost exclusivelyHaredim, bothIsraelis and Chutznikim, although the Chuznikim tend to lean towards their Israeli counterparts regarding religious/cultural issues. There is an official Rav (Mara D'Asra), Rav Mordechai Goldstein (son of Rav Tuvia ztl), who is looked up to as the respected opinion regarding religious questions and community projects. Points of interest in the Mishkenos Yaakov area include Lev Eliyahu, the synagogue with the most Minyanim in all of RBSA, and the Merkaz, the shopping center more than 130 stores of all types. Streets include Sorek (lower half), Kishon, Uriah, Micha, and Shacham.
A further expansion to Ramat Beit Shemesh is the leafy suburbs of Mishkafayim located at the eastern edge of Aleph overlooking the Zanoah quarry. The area, still under development, has started to be populated. The makeup is entirely by Orthodox Jews of all strands including Chasidish, Hareidi, and Dati Leumi/Modern Orthodox. The area currently has 6 minyanim.
Organizations based in Ramat Beit Shemesh Aleph include:
Ramat Beit Shemesh Bet (Hebrew:רמת בית שמש ב), situated between Beit Shemesh and Ramat Beit Shemesh Aleph, is primarily populated by Haredi Jews, of which most areHasidic Jews of various dynasties.[25]
Ramat Beit Shemesh Gimmel (Hebrew:רמת בית שמש ג) is located just south of Ramat Beit Shemesh Aleph, overlooking the Nachal Yarmut Park. RBS Gimmel consists of two parts, Gimmel Aleph (1) officially named "Kiryat Avi Ezri", and Gimmel Bet or Gimmel Shtayim (2), officially named "Kiryat Ovadia".
Gimmel 1 which is heavily populated with over 3,000 apartments, developed into a thriving neighborhood in a very short time, and as of 2024 has many synagogues, stores, clinics, and schools.
Gimmel 2 is closer to the original Ramat Beit Shemesh Aleph. Neve Shamir is to its east, and to its west, is Gimmel 1. Residents first started moving into Gimmel 2 in 2020 and the neighborhood has 3 shopping centers and multiple synagogues.
Both Gimmel 1 & 2 have become very appealing to the Anglo-Saxon public, though there seems to be a higher percentage of English speakers in Gimmel 1.
As of 2024, Ramat Beit Shemesh Daled (Hebrew:רמת בית שמש ד) has become a sprawling multi sectional neighborhood. Currently there are 4 sections: RBS Daled 1,2,3 & 4. While there is still a lot of construction, many buildings have been built and populated, predominately byHaredi Jews.
The plan was that a total of 8,000 homes and apartments would be built in three stages; Daled 1, Daled 2 and Daled 3. The neighborhoods of Daled 1 and Daled 2 would each comprise 3,000 apartments, and Daled 4 would have 2,000 apartments.[26]
The neighborhood, under construction, was originally earmarked for the non-Haredi public[27] and it was designed like non-Haredi neighborhood. However, being that some of the apartments were marketed as part of "mechir la-mishtaken" program and the tenders were won by many Haredi and Religious Zionist families, this area also seems to be turning into a religious neighborhood.[28] The rest is being sold in the private market, with many Haredim already have purchased houses.[29] According to the former mayor,Aliza Bloch, "We are witnessing a group of purchasers of residents of Beit Shemesh being divided among the general public, another group outside the city, such as:Gush Etzion,Mevaseret Zion andJerusalem, and a group of people from abroad, mainly from the US, a community-oriented population such as the Sheinfeld neighborhood. Just a year ago, I toured the US and met with many groups whose fruits are for the encounters that I see there today. In addition, we try to interest the teachers' union, such as the Ashmoreth group, where teachers and education people, the Neve Shamir neighborhood is of interest to them." In May 2020, Dozens married couples that are secular (ḥiloni) and national religious (dathi leumi) took part in a tour of the Neve Shamir neighborhood with former Mayor Aliza Bloch and her deputy. Those in attendance answered current questions and information from the field. In light of the success of the reunion, more tours were held.[30]
Ramat Shilo was built in 2007 with 340housing units geared towardModern Orthodox Jews.[31] Since then, the neighborhood has experienced rapid growth and development. The residents of Ramat Shilo areOrthodox Jews, bothDati Leumi andHaredi. The neighborhood has a large community of English-speakingolim. Its residents are bothAshkenazim andSephardim.
Ramat Shilo has a number of synagogues,yeshivas andkollels.[32] The largest institution isYeshivat Lev Hatorah, aReligious Zionist yeshiva founded by Rabbi Boaz Mori.[33] The local synagogues include Beis Dovid/Pilzno Beis HaMedrash, aHasidic synagogue representing thePilzno Hasidic dynasty under the leadership of RabbiYehoshua Gerzi,[34] Mishkan Shilo, anAshkenazi synagogue under the leadership of RabbiDovid Bagno,[33] Mishkan Moshe Va'Eliyahu, aSephardi synagogue under the leadership of Rabbi Shai Naftali,[35] and Ohev Yisroel, a Hasidic synagogue under the leadership of Rabbi Binyomin Flintenstein of theKapishnitzer Hassidic dynasty.[36]
Notable residents of Ramat Shilo include:
Among the communal organizations is Chasdei Shilo which provides assistance for families with financial difficulties as well as serves as a communal resource network.[37]
Beit Shemesh also has anurban kibbutz affiliated with theKibbutz Movement, Tamuz, founded in 1987.
Bet Shemesh has a heavy Haredi majority, the current mayor of Beit Shemesh isShmuel Greenberg. He assumed office in March 2024 after a second round of elections.
The previous mayor of Beit Shemesh wasAliza Bloch.
Formerly a Likud stronghold, in the 2006 Knesset elections United Torah Judaism became the city's strongest party, with 22.2 percent of the votes and Shas getting 19.9 percent. In 2009 Likud regained its primacy, obtaining 22.2 percent of the votes, and Shas also gained, garnering 20.9 percent, with United Torah Judaism a close third at 20.6 percent. Eda Haredit boycott the elections.[22]
During the municipal elections held on 22 October 2013, acting on several anonymous tips, police raided several private residences and recovered 200 ID cards and disguising materials such as hats, glasses and wigs which law enforcement suspected were used or going to be used for fraudulent voting. Additionally, eight people were arrested on suspicion for engaging and coordinating fraudulent voting activities.[38]
On 10 December 2013, a three-judge panel of the Jerusalem District Court nullified the results of the October municipal elections due to voter fraud and ordered a new election.[39]
Following an unprecedented 76% voter turnout rate, incumbent mayor Moshe Abutbul beat contender Eli Cohen with a 51% majority vote during the reelection which took place on 11 March 2014.[40]
In 2001, there were 56 schools and 14,148 students in the city: 41elementary schools with 10,716 elementary school students, and 20high schools with 3,432 high school students. 40.3% of12th grade students were entitled to a matriculation certificate.
Beit Shemesh has two industrial zones containing mainly small industry, particularly in the Northern industrial zone which is typified by carpentry and metalwork workshops, garages and wholesale and retail outlets. The Western industrial zone contains several larger companies including Beit Shemesh Engines Ltd. (BSEL) which manufactures and repairsjet engines and jet engine components, Barzellan and others. Nearby in the Noham industrial zone are situated various other factories and offices. Since thehigh tech boom began in the 1990s, Beit Shemesh has been host to several hi-tech startups includingOmek Interactive.
Bus transportation within Beit Shemesh and most inter-city routes is operated byTnufah andBeit Shemesh ExpressArchived 19 August 2013 at theWayback Machine as of 2021,replacing the formerSuperbus, which began service on 5 January 2009.[41] TheEgged Bus Cooperative, which previously operated all bus service in and to Beit Shemesh, still operates to some distant cities but no longer operates from Beit Shemesh toJerusalem. Nateev express operates busses to Tsfat and Netivot.
Tnufa operates the inter-city bus routes as of 2021 The travel time between Beit Shemesh and Jerusalem by bus is between 40 min and 1 hour. Transportation to Tel aviv is between an hour and an hour and fifteen minutes.
The new express lines to Jerusalem are direct with new addition such as bus line 600 and the night lines.
Beit Shemesh Express operates over 40 bus routes with over 200 eco friendly electric bussesserving all areas of the city as of 2021.
Beit Shemesh Railway Station provides hourly service on theIsrael RailwaysHerzliya–Lod–Jerusalem line. The station is located in the north industrial zone of Beit Shemesh at the Big Fashion Mall and shopping center across from Shaarei Hair Mall. It was renovated in 2003 after being in operation for close to 100 years.
It was renovated and reopened on 13 September 2003, having existed for over a century at the same location. The station has three platforms.
Beit Shemesh is home to numeroussports clubs all under the main sport associations (Beitar,Hapoel, andMaccabi). The city hassoccer teams including juniors, seniors and over-35s teams and boasted a franchise in theIsrael Baseball League. TheBeit Shemesh Blue Sox represented Beit Shemesh and finished in first place nationally in the league's only season, though they played their games atGezer Field inKibbutz Gezer due to a lack of proper facilities in Beit Shemesh. There is also a very active Little League in Beit Shemesh and Ramat Beit Shemesh, with over 300 members.In the field ofjudo, Elitzur Beit Shemesh has won many prizes. IsraelKung Fu and worldNunchaku champion (2001) Eli Ivgi was born in and lives in Beit Shemesh.
Beit Shemesh has not been involved in any Arab conflict since 1997. On 13 March 1997, seven 13 and 14-year-old girls from Beit Shemesh'sAMIT Fuerst School were killed at the "Island of Peace" site inNaharayim in Northern Israel by aJordanian soldier while on a school class trip. They were visiting the joint Israeli and Jordanian tourist resort underJordanian rule.[42]King Hussein of Jordan went to Beit Shemesh a few days after the massacre to ask forgiveness in the name of his country.[43]
Bet Shemesh will be getting a much-needed facelift to its transportation infrastructure. In November 2024, the "Accelerator" project was approved at a cost of 1 billion shekels.[44] As part of the project, bus lanes will be built, new bike paths will be paved, smart traffic lights and roundabouts will be built, and street signs and municipal signs will be upgraded. In addition, new, advanced bus stops will be built with real-time information displays and full accessibility. Work is expected to start on the project in March 2025.
The Tnufah Bus company which started service in 2022[45] and Express are the transportation carriers in Beit Shemesh. Previously Superbus and Egged also provided bus service.
As of 2024, Beit Shemesh is a thriving city with a mainlyHaredi population, as well as aDati Leumi minority. The growing pains of communal tensions of two decades ago have faded since the efforts of the last two mayors: Moshe Abutbul who now is a Knesset member and Aliza Bloch, the former mayor. Beit Shemesh is considered a religious, family-oriented city where children can walk safely and freely both day and night in all parts of the city under the current leadership of Shmuel Greenberg.
In 2004 the Israel Association of Ethiopian Jews claimed that Ethiopian Jews working for the municipality were being paid below-minimum wages.[46] In 2011, the Association criticized the referral of Ethiopian Jews to three private pre-schools run by the mayor's wife.[47]
According toThe Jerusalem Post, women who belong to aHaredi burqa sect in Beit Shemesh were ostracized by the Haredi community.[48] The leader of the movement, dubbed the "Taliban mother" by the Israeli press, was convicted by the Jerusalem District Court in 2009 on three counts of abuse of a minor and 25 counts of assault in aggravated circumstances, and sentenced to four years in prison. Her husband was also convicted of 10 counts of assault and three counts of abuse of a minor or helpless person, and was sentenced to six months in jail.[49][50]
In 2011, conflicts erupted in Beit Shemesh between extremistanti-religious activists and devoutHaredi men, possibly members of a group known as theSikrikim,[51][52][53] and other residents of the town due to opposition to maintaining gender separation at local health clinics,[54] and so called ‘mehadrin buses’ where men and women sit separately.[55]
When the municipality removed a sign asking women to respect gender separation rules in a synagogue, hundreds of devout Haredim staged protests in which physical force was allegedly used against police officers and reporters.[56][57] Several placards urging segregation between men and women were put back after being removed by the police.[58]
After the opening of the Orot Banotnational-religious girls' school in September 2011, situated on the border between the primarily National-Religious Sheinfeld neighborhood and the Haredi Ramat Beit Shemesh Bet, groups of devoutHaredim gathered to protest in front of the school, in protest at the lack ofmodest dress, allegedly calling the girls names and spitting at them when they headed to and from school. Stones hurled at a boys' school belonging to the same educational network injured a boy in the leg. Two men were arrested on suspicion of throwing eggs and tomatoes at students.[59] In a demonstration outside the school a female journalist was assaulted by young, allegedly Haredi, men who cursed and spat at her, and a clash with parents of girls studying at the school was broken up by the police force.[59]
In December 2011, a national public outcry was raised when a television news channel interviewed 8-year-old Na'ama Margolese, who was allegedly cursed and spat at on her way to school by devout Haredim.[60]The Jewish Daily Forward reported that the issue is really a property dispute over ownership of the school building.[61] Some Haredi women distributed flowers to the girls of Orot Banot school, telling them "sister to sister" that they were beautiful.[21] On 27 December 2011, a protest against extremism near the Orot Banot school drew 10,000 people.[62][63] After the incidents in Beit Shemesh were reported in foreign press, the US State Department updated its Jerusalem travel advisory advising visitors to "dress appropriately" when visiting ultra-Orthodox Jewish neighborhoods, or to avoid them entirely.[64]
Beit Shemesh istwinned with:[65]
Cocoa, Florida, United States
Hangzhou, China
Nordhausen, Germany
Nottingham, England, United KingdomRamapo, New York, United States
Split, CroatiaJersey City, New Jersey, United States[66]In thePartnership 2gether program of theJewish Agency for Israel, Beit Shemesh and theMateh Yehuda Regional Council are linked to South Africa and Washington, D.C.[67]
AfterThe Washington Post reported in October 2011 thatMontgomery County, Maryland was considering a partnership with Beit Shemesh,[68] a local coalition, Human Rights Matter!, objected.[69] The campaign was supported by theMossawa Center, an organization that defines its goal as the promotion of equality for the Arab minority in Israel but which has been criticized for its rejection of Israel as a Jewish state and its foreign funding from theEuropean Commission,George Soros'sOpen Society Institute and theNew Israel Fund, among others,[70] as well asNobel Peace Prize laureateMairead Maguire.[71]
For Robinson and Smith, the natives unwittingly carry the "divine dialect" of the land. Based on information from their lips, Robinson turns Ain Shams into the Bible's Beit Shemesh, Ain and Beit being so seemingly common as to be interchangeable.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)8-year-old Na'ama Margolis, the daughter of Orthodox American immigrants, was spat on by a member of the Sikrikim
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