Bernhard Severin Ingemann | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Bernhard Severin Ingemann painted byChristian Albrecht Jensen in 1844 | |
| Born | (1789-05-28)28 May 1789 Falster, Denmark |
| Died | 24 February 1862(1862-02-24) (aged 72) Sorø, Denmark |
| Occupation | Poet |
| Nationality | Danish |
| Literary movement | Romanticism |
| Spouse | Lucie Ingemann |
| Signature | |
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Bernhard Severin Ingemann (28 May 1789 – 24 February 1862) was a Danishnovelist and poet.
Ingemann was born inTorkilstrup, on the island ofFalster, Denmark. The son of a vicar, he was left fatherless in his youth.
He attended Slagelse Latin school with the chemistWilliam Christopher Zeise and the poetChristian Hviid Bredahl.[1][2] While a student at theUniversity of Copenhagen he published his first collection of poems (1811; vol. ii., 1812), which show great influence of German romanticism. Critics describe their sickly sentimentality as reflecting the unhealthy condition of the poet's body and mind at this time. These works were followed by a long allegorical poem,De sorte Riddere (The Black Knights, 1814), which closed his first period.
Then followed six plays, of which the best is considered to beReinald Underbarnet (The Miraculous Child Reinald, 1816), and the most popular,Blanca, (1815). In 1817 he published his first prose work,De Underjordiske, et bornholmsk Eventyr (The Subterranean Ones, a Story of Bornholm), which was followed in 1820 byEventyr og Fortællinger (Narratives and Miraculous Tales), many of them imitations of Hoffmann. During 1818–19 he traveled on the Continent.
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In 1822 he was appointed instructor of the Danish Language and Literature at the Academy of Sorø. During his next period, inspired byScott'sWaverley novels, Ingemann produced his series of historical romances, by virtue of which he disputes with H. C. Andersen the title of the children's writer of Denmark. Their subjects are all taken from Danish history. The first, and perhaps the best, isValdemar Sejr (Valdemar the Victorious, 1826), which was followed byErik Menveds Barndom (Erik Menved's Childhood, 1828);Kong Erik og de Fredløse (King Erik and the Outlaws, 1833); andPrins Otto af Danmark og Hans Samtid (Prince Otto of Denmark and his Time, 1835).
While his historical romances show a lack of accuracy, their strong nationality gives them a special interest to the student of Danish culture. In reality they mean the introduction of thehistorical novel in Danish literature. A later artistic novelLandsbybørnene from 1852 ("The Village Children") is now almost forgotten.
Known as the fourth great Danish hymn writer (afterKingo,Brorson andGrundtvig), Ingemann is considered less rooted in Biblical dogma and more borne up by a general spiritual and religious interest. A simple naivete runs through them. Especially popular were hisMorgen og Aftensange (Morning and Evening Songs), a collection of religious poems of great beauty and spirituality written during 1837–39. They were set to music by the composerWeyse. Many of them have been classics in Danish schools (for instanceI Østen stiger Solen op – "In the East the Sun rises" andFred hviler over Land og By – "Peace is resting over Land and Town"). Also hisChristmas hymns are popular. He also wrote poems of historic and mythological content in the heroic sagaHolger Danske ("Ogier the Dane", 1837).
He was a personal friend of Grundtvig who was in some degrees his mentor and with whom he shared a deep interest of Danish medieval history. Often they have been regarded almost mental twins in spite of clear differences. AlsoBlicher andH. C. Andersen must be mentioned among his friends.
Ingemann was in his elder years much respected and after the death ofOehlenschläger he was regarded the unofficial poet-king of Denmark. Critics cite Ingemann's grace and delicacy, rather than strength, of style, both in prose and poetry. He died inSorø.
Ingemann was married toLucie Marie Mandix (1792–1868), a painter, whose works still hang in Danish churches.[3][4]
Short story
Christmas hymn
Translations of Ingemann
