German cellist and composer (1767–1841)
portrait of Bernhard Romberg (1815) Bernhard Heinrich Romberg (November 13, 1767 – August 13, 1841) was a German cellist and composer.
Romberg was born inDinklage . His father, Anton Romberg, played thebassoon andcello and gave Bernhard his first cello lessons. He first performed in public at the age of seven. In addition to touringEurope with his cousinAndreas Romberg , Bernhard Romberg also joined theMünster Court Orchestra .
Together with his cousin, he later joined the court orchestra of thePrince Elector Archbishop of Cologne inBonn (conducted by theKapellmeister Andrea Luchesi ) in 1790, where they met the youngBeethoven . Beethoven admired and respected Bernhard Romberg as a musician.[ 1]
Romberg made several innovations in cello design and performance. He lengthened the cello'sfingerboard and flattened the side under the C string, thus giving it more freedom to vibrate.[ 2] Romberg bevel , a flat section beneath the E string of thedouble bass that allowed the larger string to vibrate more freely. He suggested that half-size and 3/4 size cellos should be designed to make it easier for young children to play the instrument. Romberg is responsible for simplifying cello notation to only threeclefs , thebass clef , thetenor clef and thetreble clef . Until his time, it was common to use many clefs for multiple uses; the 18th century cellist-composerLuigi Boccherini used as many as six clefs in his compositions. Romberg is thought to be among the first cellists to perform from memory, which was a skill praised highly in his day.[ 2] Hamburg .
It has been suggested that Romberg's cello sonata in E minor was a strong influence on thefirst cello sonata in E minor byJohannes Brahms .[ 3]
Works with Opus number [ edit ] Opus 1 , string quartets 1-3String Quartet No. 1 in E-flat Major String Quartet No. 2 in B-flat Major String Quartet No. 3 in D Major Opus 2 , Concerto No. 1 in B-flat Major, for cello and orchestraOpus 3 , Grand Concerto No. 2 in D Major, for cello with orchestraOpus 4 ,Potpourris in G Major for cello and string quartet (Also transcribed as Three Duos for violin and cello)Opus 5 , Three Sonatas for cello (or violin) and harp (or piano)Opus 6 , Concerto No. 3 in G Major, for cello and orchestra (also reduced as Three Grand Sonatas, for piano with accompaniment of violin)Opus 7 , Cello Concerto No.4 in E minorOpus 8 , Grand Trio in F Major forstring trio Opus 9 , 3 duos for 2 cellos (also transcribed for violin and cello)No.1 , Duet in D MajorNo.2 , Duet in F majorNo.3 , Duet in E minorOpus 10 , Fantaisie for cello, 2 violins, viola, bass, flute, oboe, clarinet and bassoon, Berlin: Bureau de Musique de Rodolphe werckmeister, c.1806.Opus 11 , Overture for orchestraOpus 12 , Quartet No.4 (2 violins, viola, cello)Opus 13 , Variations in A Minor for cello and orchestraOpus 14 , Airs Russes for cello and orchestraOpus 17 , Flute concerto in B minor (Also published as opus 30)Opus 18 , Variations et Rondo in E-flat Major for harp (or piano), violin, viola and celloOpus 20 , Variations sur deux airs russes in D Minor for cello and stringsOpus 21 , Rondoletto per violoncello principale con strings in A MajorOpus 22 , Piano QuartetOpus 23 , Trauer-Symphonie in C MinorOpus 24 , Divertimento for cello, violin, viola and bass, Bonn: Simrock, c. 1830.Opus 25 , String Quartets 5-7String Quartet No.5 in G Minor String Quartet No.6 in C Minor String Quartet No.7 in G Major Opus 26 , Overture to Opera: Ulysse et CirceOpus 27 , Divertimento sopra un tema finlandico et sueco for flute, 2 violins, viola and celloOpus 28 , Capriccio sur des aire nationaux suédois for cello and piano (also Symphony in E-flat Major)Opus 30 , Concerto No. 5 in F-sharp Minor for cello and orchestraOpus 31 , Concerto No. 6 in F Major (Militaire) for cello and orchestraOpus 33 , 2 duos for 2 cellosOpus 34 , Concert OvertureOpus 35 , Elegie sur la mort d'un objet chéri for cello and string orchestraOpus 36 , Duos for 2 cellosOpus 37 , String Quartet No 8 in A MajorOpus 38 , Three Sonatas for Cello and Piano (also Three Trios for viola and two cellos)No.1 , Cello Sonata in E minorNo.2 , Cello Sonata in G MajorNo.3 , Cello Sonata in B-flat MajorOpus 39 , String Quartet No 9 in D MinorOpus 41 , Concertino in E minor for cello and orchestraOpus 42 , Divertimento on Swedish National ThemesOpus 43 , 3 Sonatas (Also played as trios for viola, cello and bass). (and as duos for 2 cellos).No.1 , Cello Sonata in Bb MajorNo.2 , Cello Sonata in C MajorNo.3 , Cello Sonata in G MajorOpus 44 , Concerto No. 7 in C Major (Suisse) for cello and orchestraOpus 46 ,Divertimento from Austrian Folksongs for cello and guitarOpus 48 , Concerto No. 8 in A Major (Brillant) for cello and orchestraOpus 49 , Souvenir de Vienne, grosses rondo brillant, for cello and piano (originally with orchestra)Opus 50 , Theme and Variations for cello and pianoOpus 51 , Concertino, for cello and piano or orchestra in D minorOpus 52 , – Airs Russes for cello and pianoOpus 53 , Symphony in C major (published 1830 byHaslinger )[ 4] [ 5] Opus 55 , Fantaisie sur des airs norvégiens in D Minor for cello and pianoOpus 56 , Concerto No. 9 in B Minor (Grand) for cello and orchestraOpus 57 , Concertino for cello and orchestraOpus 58 , Fantaisie sur des airs norvégiens pour violoncelle et pianoOpus 59 , String Quartet No. 10 in A MinorOpus 60 , String Quartet No. 11 in E MajorOpus 61 , Theme with Variations and Rondo for cello and pianoOpus 62 , Symphonie burlesque (toy symphony )Opus 65 , Divertimento on Westphalian National Themes for cello and string quartetOpus 70 , Grande fantaisie for cello accompanied by string quartet or pianoOpus 71 , Divertissement for piano trioOpus 72 , Concertino in A for two cellos and orchestraOpus 75 , Op. 75 – Concerto No. 10 in E Major (Brillant), for cello and orchestraOpus 76 ,Introduction and Polonaise for cello and piano Works by Bernhard and Andreas Romberg [ edit ] Works without Opus number [ edit ] Oeuvres Posthumes ,6 Morceaux Élégants for cello and piano No.1 , La réponse, FantaisieNo.2 , DivertissementNo.3 , NotturnoNo.4 , SérénadeNo.5 , BagatellaNo.6 , Introduzione e Rondo giocosoLe Rêve, pièce de fantaisie for cello and string quartet (or piano) Two Canons Recitative and Aria in B-flat Major for cello and orchestra Pièce pour les amateurs sur des airs suedois for cello and string quartet Cantabile et thème varié suivis d'un allegretto for cello and piano Variations in A Minor for cello and orchestra Variations in E Major for cello and piano Trois themes deW. A. Mozart , variés pour violon et violoncelle Double Concerto, for violin, cello, and orchestra Divertimento sur des airs autrichiens, for cello and piano Violoncello studies, three books A Complete Theoretical and Practical School for the Violoncello Flute Quintet in G Major
Performed by
James Galway and the Young Danish String Quartet
^ Raychev, Evgeni Dimitrov (2003).The virtuoso cellist-composers from Luigi Boccherini to David Popper: A review of their lives and works (PDF) Archived February 12, 2007, at theWayback Machine ^a b Raychev (2003), P23. ^ hwa-chow oliver hsu."Cello Sonata 1 Op. 38" . Archived fromthe original on 13 April 2009. Retrieved18 March 2014 . ^ "Information and Description about and of Ars Produktion Recording of Symphonies opp. 23, 28 and 53" . Archived fromthe original on 2009-01-01. Retrieved2009-01-23 .^ "Hofmeisters Monatsberichte" . 1830. pp. 19, 66. RetrievedFebruary 1, 2011 .^ Wion, John. "Two Bernhards "., retrieved 22 August 2007.
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