Beočin Беочин (Serbian) | |
|---|---|
Town andmunicipality | |
      .jpg) Beočin | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of the municipality of Beočin within Serbia | |
| Coordinates:45°12′N19°44′E / 45.200°N 19.733°E /45.200; 19.733 | |
| Country |  Serbia |
| Province |  Vojvodina |
| Region | Syrmia (Podunavlje) |
| District | South Bačka |
| Municipality | Beočin |
| Settlements | 8 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Biljana Janković (SNS) |
| Area | |
| • Town | 35.08 km2 (13.54 sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 184.21 km2 (71.12 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 88 m (289 ft) |
| Population (2022 census)[2] | |
| • Town | 7,274 |
| • Town density | 207.4/km2 (537.0/sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 13,875 |
| • Municipality density | 75.322/km2 (195.08/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 21300 |
| Area code | +381 21 |
| Official languages | Serbian together withSlovak in the village ofLug[3] |
| Website | www |
Beočin (Serbian Cyrillic:Беочин,pronounced[bɛɔ̌tʃiːn];Hungarian:Belcsény) is a town and municipality located in theSouth Bačka District of the autonomous province ofVojvodina,Serbia. The population of the town is 7,274, whilst Beočin's municipality population is 13,875 (2022 census). There is also aBeočin Monastery from the 16th century in the municipality.
InSerbian, the town is known asBeočin (Беочин), inCroatian asBeočin, inHungarian asBelcsény, inGerman (dated) asBeotschin, inSlovak asBeočín, and inRusyn as Беочин.
The name of the town derives from the word that came from localSerbian dialect, which in modern standard Serbian would be written as "beli otac" or inEnglish as "white father" (the full meaning of the name is "the place that belong to white father"). The name referred to the prior of the nearbyBeočin monastery.
Although it is geographically located inSyrmia, Beočin administratively belong toSouth Bačka District. The town of Beočin is divided into two parts: Beočin Grad ("Beočin town") and Beočin Selo ("Beočin village"). However, no matter that Beočin Selo is called a village, it is not a village but simply part of the town.
The existence of theSerbian Orthodoxmonastery of Beočin (which is located 2 km in the south from modern town) was first recorded by the sources in 1566-67.[4] Until the end of the 18th century, a small settlement (hamlet) existed near this monastery. During Ottoman administration, this settlement was populated by ethnicSerbs.[5]
The settlement that developed into modern Beočin was mentioned in 1702. By then the hamlet had grown into 49 households. In the beginning, it was only a village, and its basic economic activity was wine production (even today, the oldest part of Beočin is known as Beočin Selo, i.e. "Beočin village" in English). After the cement factory was opened in 1839,[6] Beočin developed into a modern town, which over time became the centre of northernSyrmia. The cement factory in Beočin is one of the largest cement factories inEurope. The new, urban part of town developed as a worker's colony and was known as Fabrika ("factory"), Beočin Fabrika ("Beočin factory") and Beočin Grad ("Beočin town").
Until the middle of the 18th century, the village of Beočin was underHabsburgmilitary administration. After 1745, it was part of tSyrmia County, which was one of three counties of the HabsburgKingdom of Slavonia. In 1828, majority of inhabitants of Beočin village wereOrthodox Christians.[7]
In 1848–49, Beočin was part ofSerbian Vojvodina, while from 1849 to 1860 it was part of theVoivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar. After the abolishment of the voivodeship in 1860, Beočin was again incorporated into Syrmia County of the Kingdom of Slavonia. In 1868, Kingdom of Slavonia was joined with theKingdom of Croatia into theKingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, which was part of theKingdom of Hungary andAustria-Hungary. In 1910, population of Beočin Selo numbered 3,342 inhabitants, while population of Beočin Fabrika numbered 262 inhabitants. According to 1910 census, largest ethnic group in Beočin wereSerbs, while other ethnic groups that lived in the settlement includedHungarians,Germans,Croats, and others.[8]
In 1918, Beočin first became part of theState of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, then part of theKingdom of Serbia and finally part of theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed toYugoslavia). From 1918 to 1922, Beočin was part of Syrmia county, from 1922 to 1929 part of Syrmia oblast, and from 1929 to 1939 part of theDanube Banovina, and from 1939 to 1941 part of theBanovina of Croatia. DuringWorld War II, from 1941 to 1944, Beočin was occupied byAxis troops and was included inPavelić'sIndependent State of Croatia. During the Axis occupation, 66 civilians were killed in Beočin by fascists. In 1944, Beočin was liberated byYugoslav partisans. Since 1944, the town is part ofVojvodina, which (from 1945) was an autonomous province ofSerbia andYugoslavia.
Until the end of World War II, Beočin was part of theIlok municipality. Since the newly established post-WW2 border between Vojvodina (Serbia) andCroatia divided the former Ilok municipality, Beočin was included intoNovi Sad municipality. Later, a separate municipality of Beočin was established. In 1948, the population of Beočin Fabrika numbered 2,144 and the population of Beočin Selo numbered 1,495.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 9,401 | — |
| 1953 | 10,243 | +1.73% |
| 1961 | 11,881 | +1.87% |
| 1971 | 13,216 | +1.07% |
| 1981 | 14,126 | +0.67% |
| 1991 | 14,848 | +0.50% |
| 2002 | 16,086 | +0.73% |
| 2011 | 15,726 | −0.25% |
| 2022 | 13,875 | −1.13% |
| Source:[9] | ||
According to the 2011 census results, the municipality of Beočin had 15,726 inhabitants.
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Beočin municipality encompasses the town of Beočin, and the following villages:
| No. | Name | Population (2022 data) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Banoštor | 643 |
| 2 | Grabovo | 65 |
| 3 | Lug | 529 |
| 4 | Rakovac | 2,137 |
| 5 | Sviloš | 239 |
| 6 | Susek | 847 |
| 7 | Čerević | 2,141 |
Most of the settlements in the municipality have an ethnic Serb majority, while the village of Lug have an ethnic Slovak majority. Ethnic composition of the city:
| Ethnic group | Population | % |
|---|---|---|
| Serbs | 10,956 | 69.67% |
| Roma | 1,422 | 9.04% |
| Slovaks | 830 | 5.28% |
| Croats | 557 | 3.54% |
| Hungarians | 295 | 1.88% |
| Yugoslavs | 161 | 1.02% |
| Slovenians | 70 | 0.45% |
| Montenegrins | 61 | 0.39% |
| Germans | 45 | 0.29% |
| Muslims | 37 | 0.24% |
| Macedonians | 33 | 0.21% |
| Others | 1,259 | 8.01% |
| Total | 15,726 |
Beočin is one of the centers of theIslamic Community of Vojvodina. As of 2006, it was one of the three settlements inVojvodina whereIslamic religious buildings could be found (The other two settlements areNovi Sad andSubotica).
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The oldestSerb rural schools inVojvodina were established in present-day Beočin municipality: inGrabovo (1625) andSviloš (1695). There are also two importantSerbian Orthodox monasteries:Beočin monastery, whose existence was first recorded in 1566-67 andRakovac monastery, whose existence was first recorded in 1545-48.
The following table gives a preview of total number of employed people per their core activity (as of 2017):[10]
| Activity | Total |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 34 |
| Mining | 13 |
| Processing industry | 996 |
| Distribution of power, gas and water | 17 |
| Distribution of water and water waste management | 76 |
| Construction | 166 |
| Wholesale and retail, repair | 423 |
| Traffic, storage and communication | 210 |
| Hotels and restaurants | 54 |
| Media and telecommunications | 7 |
| Finance and insurance | 17 |
| Property stock and charter | - |
| Professional, scientific, innovative and technical activities | 70 |
| Administrative and other services | 128 |
| Administration and social assurance | 176 |
| Education | 183 |
| Healthcare and social work | 145 |
| Art, leisure and recreation | 29 |
| Other services | 53 |
| Total | 2,797 |
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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