Somecondoms designed to preventpremature ejaculation. Benzocaine largely inhibits sensitivity on thepenis, and can allow for anerection to be maintained longer (in a continuous act) by delaying ejaculation. Conversely, an erection will also fade faster if stimulus is interrupted.[10][11]
Benzocaine mucoadhesive patches have been used in reducing orthodontic pain.[12]
In Poland it is included, together with menthol and zinc oxide, in the liquid powder (not to be confused with the liquidface powder) used mainly after mosquito bites. Today's ready-made Pudroderm[13] was once used there aspharmaceutical compound.
Benzocaine is generally well tolerated and non-toxic when applied topically as recommended.[20]
However, there have been reports of serious, life-threatening adverse effects (e.g., seizures, coma, irregular heart beat, respiratory depression) with over-application of topical products or when applying topical products that contain high concentrations of benzocaine to the skin.[21]
Overapplication of oral anesthetics such as benzocaine can increase the risk ofpulmonary aspiration by relaxing the gag-reflex and allowing regurgitated stomach contents or oral secretions to enter the airway.[medical citation needed] Applying an oral anesthetic and consuming beverages before going to bed can be particularly hazardous.[medical citation needed]
The topical use of higher concentration (10–20%) benzocaine products applied to the mouth or mucous membranes has been found to be a cause ofmethemoglobinemia, a disorder in which the amount of oxygen carried by the blood is greatly reduced.[22] This side effect is most common in children under two years of age.[23] As a result, the FDA[who?] has stated that benzocaine products should not be used in children under two years of age, unless directed by and supervised by a healthcare professional.[24] In European countries, the contraindication applies to children under 12 years of age. Symptoms of methemoglobinemia usually occur within minutes to hours of applying benzocaine, and can occur upon the first-time use or after additional use.[24]
Benzocaine may cause allergic reactions.[25][26][27][28] These include:
Benzocaine is commonly found, particularly in Britain, as an additive in streetcocaine and also as a bulking agent in "legal highs".[33] Benzocaine gives a numbing effect similar to cocaine and as a bulking and binding agent it can not be detected once mixed. It is the most popular cutting agent worldwide.[34]
Treatment of benzocaine with hydrazine leads to aminostimil, a compound related toisoniazid.
Benzocaine can be prepared byesterification using4-aminobenzoic acid andethanol.[35][36] It can also be prepared by reduction of ethyl 4-nitrobenzoate to theamine.[37][38] In industrial practice, the reducing agent is usually iron and water in the presence of a little acid.[39]
Benzocaine was first synthesized in 1890 by the German chemist Eduard Ritsert (1859–1946),[40] in the town ofEberbach[41] and introduced to the market in 1902 under the name "Anästhesin".[42][43]
Bath solutions of benzocaine and its derivatives are commonly used to anesthetizeamphibians for surgery.[44][45] Benzocaine-based anesthetics are potent and highly effective for both anesthesia and euthanasia in amphibians.[46]
^Sidhu SK, Shaw S, Wilkinson JD (June 1999). "A 10-year retrospective study on benzocaine allergy in the United Kingdom".American Journal of Contact Dermatitis.10 (2):57–61.doi:10.1016/s1046-199x(99)90000-3.PMID10357712.
^abCetylite Industries. Cetacaine (benzocaine 14%, tetracaine 2% and butamben 2%) spray, gel and liquid prescribing information. Pennsauken, NJ; 2006 Sept.
^Demare P, Regla I (2012). "Synthesis of Two Local Anesthetics from Toluene: An Organic Multistep Synthesis in a Project-Oriented Laboratory Course".Journal of Chemical Education.89 (1): 147.Bibcode:2012JChEd..89..147D.doi:10.1021/ed100838a.
^"Benzocaine".PubChem. U.S. National Library of Medicine. RetrievedMarch 27, 2023.
^D'Ans-Lax, Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker. Organische Verbindungen (4th ed.). Berlin: Springer Verlag. 1983.ISBN3-540-12263-X.
^Auterhoff H (1968).Lehrbuch der pharmazeutischen Chemie. Stuttgart, Germany: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft.
^Ritsert E (1925). "Über den Werdegang des Anästhesins" [On the development of Anaesthetics].Pharmazeutische Zeitung (in German).60:1006–1008. See also:Friedrich C, Klimonow M (December 2014)."150. Geburtstag: Eduard Ritsert und das Anaesthesin" [150th birthday: Eduard Ritsert and Anästhetsin [Benzocaine]].Pharmazeutische Zeitung Online (in German). Archived fromthe original on March 20, 2014. First published clinical study demonstrating the efficacy of benzocaine:von Noorden C (1902). "Ueber para-Aminobenzoesäure-Ester als locales Anästhetikum" [On [an] ester of para-aminobenzoic acid as a local anaesthetic].Klinische Wochenschrift (in German).39:373–375.
