 Aerial view of tornado damage in Oak Lawn | |
| Meteorological history | |
|---|---|
| Duration | April 21, 1967 |
| Tornado outbreak | |
| Tornadoes | 45 |
| Maximum rating | F4 tornado |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 58 |
| Injuries | 1,418 |
| Damage | $56.432 million (1967 USD);[1] 536.730 million (2025 USD) |
| Areas affected | Midwestern United States |
Part of thetornado outbreaks of 1967 | |
A destructivetornado outbreak affected much of theMidwestern United States on April 21, 1967, in particular the towns ofBelvidere andOak Lawn, Illinois, United States. It was the largest tornado outbreak of 1967 and has been described byNWS Chicago as "Northern Illinois' worst tornado disaster".[2] The outbreak produced numerous andsignificant (F2+) tornadoes, with ten of them in Illinois alone. Included was one of just six documented violent (F4/F5)tornadoes in the Chicago metropolitan area since the area was first settled.[3][4]
April 21, 1967 was a warm Friday afternoon in northern Illinois. Following a foggy morning with temperatures in the middle 50s °F, temperatures rose rapidly in the afternoon as lowgeopotential heights approached from the southwest.[5] Awarm front—part of a very deepshortwavetrough—passed through Illinois all day and by afternoon moved north of the state. As alow-pressure area within anextratropical cyclone approached the area, temperatures rose into the low to mid 70s°F withdew points rising into the 60s°F, an upper-level jet reaching 120-knot (220 km/h), and increasing low-levelvertical shear. Meanwhile, a persistentmesolowfeature near Joliet, Illinois,[5] helped to maintainbacked low-level winds from the south.[6]
| State | Total | County | County total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Illinois | 58 | Boone | 24 |
| Cook | 33 | ||
| Lake | 1 | ||
| Totals | 58 | ||
| All deaths were tornado-related | |||
As conditions became more favorable for tornadoes andsupercells began developing in the Chicago area, the regionalU.S. Weather Bureau office issued atornado watch at 1:50 p.m. CDT covering the northern half of Illinois plus southernWisconsin, easternIowa, and westernIndiana.[5] By 3 p.m.CDT/2100UTC, more than 12 tornadoes had already been spawned from the storm system.[6]
| FU | F0 | F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F5 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | 5 | 15 | 17 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 45 |
| F# | Location | County | Time (UTC) | Path length | Damage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missouri | ||||||
| F0 | NE ofAzen | Scotland | 1400 | 1 mile (1.6 km) | Tornado was observed on the ground but apparently caused no damage.[7] | |
| F1 | NE ofGower | Clinton | 1830 | 0.2 miles (0.32 km) | Dust-laden tornado was seen but caused no damage.[7] | |
| F1 | Cameron | 1900 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Tornado caused some damage in south Cameron. Condensation funnel was reportedly absent.[7] | ||
| F2 | E ofPattonsburg | Daviess | 8.4 miles (13.5 km) | Tornado completely leveled all buildings except the house at one farm site and destroyed one wall of the house.[4] Tornado may have formed from the same thunderstorm that struck Cameron, but the time does not suggest this.[7] | ||
| F0 | NE ofGallatin | 1915 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Brief touchdown failed to produce evidence of damage.[7] | ||
| F3 | N ofMandeville | Ray,Carroll | 1920 | 14.6 miles (23.5 km) | Tornado extensively damaged or leveled homes, barns, and other outbuildings. It also injured livestock.[4][7] | |
| F2 | S ofHumphreys | Grundy,Sullivan | 2000 | 6.3 miles (10.1 km) | Tornado destroyed eight homes, severely damaged seven others, and shattered glass windows[7] as it hit Humphreys.[4] Two children and a woman were injured in their trailer, as were four men sheltering inside a barn.[7] Grazulis rated the tornado F3.[4] | |
| F2 | NE ofCunningham | Chariton | 2010 | 3 miles (4.8 km) | Neither Grazulis (1991) norStorm Data lists this tornado, suggesting that it was either weaker than F2 in intensity or never existed.[clarification needed][4][7] | |
| F4 | NE ofSumner to W ofNewark | Linn,Macon,Knox | 2020 | 59 miles (95 km) | Four homes and several barns were completely leveled while two people received minor injuries.[4] Three or more funnels and erratic shifts in the damage path were reported to have occurred,[7] suggesting that the long-tracked tornado was in fact atornado family.[4] | |
| F2 | W ofMarshall to SE ofSlater | Saline | 20.4 miles (32.8 km) | This tornado may have actually included two or more touchdowns, implying that the single event was two or more tornadoes. It caused minor damage to a porch and to farm buildings along its skipping path.[7] Grazulis did not rate the tornado as significant (F2+).[4] | ||
| F0 | W ofCorder | Lafayette | 2103 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Tornado did not cause any noticeable damage.[7] | |
| F1 | NE ofAdrian | Bates | 2110 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Tornado produced minor damage to buildings and farm equipment.[7] | |
| Indiana | ||||||
| F1 | Rushville | Rush | 1833 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | ||
| F2 | NE ofCommiskey | Jennings,Jefferson | 2310 | 6.3 miles (10.1 km) | Tornado unroofed and destroyed two homes, injuring two people, and then leveled a trailer and farm buildings.[4] | |
| F0 | NE ofMonticello | White | 0227 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Tornado produced very minimal damage.[7] | |
| Iowa | ||||||
| F3 | E ofFairfield | Jefferson | 2000 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Tornado never hit any structures and only briefly made contact with the ground.[7] | |
| F2 | E ofBirmingham to NE ofMount Union | Van Buren,Hancock | 2100 | 32.8 miles (52.8 km) | Tornado damaged 12 or more farms with only minimal F2 intensity at most.[4] The damage path was very discontinuous, with only isolated patches of "extensive damage."[7] | |
| Illinois | ||||||
| F1 | SW ofSpring Hill | Whiteside | 2130 | 0.3 miles (0.48 km) | ||
| F2 | E ofCoal Valley to S ofHooppole | Henry | 2135 | 25.1 miles (40.4 km) | Numerous funnel clouds occurred with multiple reports of tornadoes. First tornado touched down north ofOrion with isolated touchdowns to beyond Hooppole, with significant non-tornado-related wind damage.[7] Tornado killed livestock,[7] destroyed farm buildings, and uprooted trees.[4] | |
| F2 | N ofHooppole | 2150 | 4.5 miles (7.2 km) | Second Hooppole tornado leveled farm buildings and blew down large trees in rural areas.[7] | ||
| F4 | SW ofBelvidere to N ofWoodstock | Boone,McHenry | 25.5 miles (41.0 km) | 24 deaths —See section on this tornado | ||
| F1 | S ofDaysville | Ogle | 2200 | 1 mile (1.6 km) | Tornado caused damage to many homes and downed trees while moving north, unlike other tornadoes this day which moved east-northeast.[7] | |
| F2 | W ofMaytown | Lee | 2202 | 5.6 miles (9.0 km) | Tornado severely damaged trees[7] and farms and flipped a truck onIllinois State Highway 76 (now anIllinois route).[4] | |
| F1 | SE ofAmboy | 2215 | 5.6 miles (9.0 km) | Tornado destroyed barns[4] and blew down trees. Two distinct damage paths andfunnel clouds observed, suggesting that a family of two tornadoes was involved.[7] | ||
| F1 | W ofKasbeer | Bureau | 2230 | 0.5 miles (0.80 km) | Tornado destroyed buildings on farms and scattered debris about. Almost went undetected but was observed bymushroom–gatherers.[7] | |
| F2 | SE ofHennepin | Putnam | 0.3 miles (0.48 km) | Tornado injured a man as it flipped two trailers and caused minimal tree damage.[7] Grazulis (1993) did not rate the tornado as significant (F2+). | ||
| F1 | SE ofDeKalb | DeKalb | 2240 | 2 miles (3.2 km) | Two tornadoes touched down 2 miles (3.2 km) apart from each other but are listed as one tornado. One tornado damaged structures and broke glass and trees atNorthern Illinois University while uplifting a roof 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south with $50,000 (1967USD) roof damage. Second tornado damaged farms simultaneously about 8 miles (13 km) to the south, but with discontinuous damage.[7] Probably a tornado family. | |
| F4 | NW ofMiddlebury toLake Zurich to W ofHawthorn Woods | McHenry,Lake | 2300 | 8.8 miles (14.2 km) | 1 death —See section on this tornado | |
| F2 | Elgin | Kane | 2310 | 0.3 miles (0.48 km) | Tornado destroyed one barn[4] and caused roof and wall damage toElgin State Hospital.[7] Also badly damaged a factory. The state hospital sustained $100,000 in damages. | |
| F1 | NW ofBloomingdale | DuPage | 0.5 miles (0.80 km) | Tornado briefly hitKeeneyville with little damage.[7] | ||
| F1 | Addison toSchiller Park | DuPage,Cook | 6.8 miles (10.9 km) | Tornado skipped through several communities, includingFranklin Park, with minimal damage.[7] | ||
| F4 | Palos Hills/Oak Lawn toChicago South Side (enteredLake Michigan at79th Street beach[6]) | Cook | 2324 | 15 miles (24 km) | 33 deaths —See section on this tornado | |
| F1 | Lincoln Park[7] | 2340 | 0.3 miles (0.48 km) | Tornado damaged anamusement park before moving over Lake Michigan.[6] | ||
| F1 | Champaign | Champaign | 0250 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Brief touchdown on a farm.[7] | |
| F2 | Geneva | Kane,Cook | unknown | unknown | Tornado struck 3 homes on the north side of Batavia before damaging 25 homes in Geneva. Some of the homes lost roofs and walls. 20 homes were also damaged in Streamwood.[8] | |
| Michigan | ||||||
| F2 | Casco toDunningville[7] | Allegan | 2355 | 18.6 miles (29.9 km) | Trailer and warehouse destroyed with many homes damaged. Minor injuries reported.[7] Grazulis did not rate the tornado as significant (F2+).[4] | |
| F3 | SW ofGrandville to E ofAda[7] | Kent | 2358 | 13.6 miles (21.9 km) | Struck the south side ofGrand Rapids. 65 buildings were destroyed, and 60 others were badly damaged. 375 buildings sustained minor damage. A church and a K-Mart store were completely destroyed.[4] | |
| F2 | NE ofMiddleville to NW ofLake Odessa | Barry | 0000 | 14.5 miles (23.3 km) | A house had its roof and kitchen ripped off.[4] | |
| F2 | Derby | Berrien | 0025 | 1 mile (1.6 km) | School under construction leveled, pieces carried1⁄2 mile (0.80 km) away. Several barns and outbuildings leveled as well.[7] Grazulis did not rate the tornado as significant (F2+).[4] | |
| F0 | S ofHolton | Muskegon | 0110 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | A brief tornado touchdown in a rural area with other funnels also witnessed to have touched down.[7] | |
| F2 | Portland | Ionia | 0115 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Homes were unroofed in Portland, four barns were destroyed, and 40 cattle were killed.[4] | |
| F4 | NE ofWestphalia | Clinton | 12 miles (19 km) | This violent destroyed buildings on 10 farms. Three homes were destroyed, 18 others were damaged, and 34 sheep were killed in 2 barns. Grazulis rated the tornado F3.[4] | ||
| F2 | N ofCascade | Kent | 0130 | 0.3 miles (0.48 km) | Rural outbuildings were destroyed along its path.[7] Grazulis did not rate the tornado as significant (F2+).[4] | |
| F1 | N ofSunfield | Eaton | 0148 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) | Some farm buildings were destroyed.[7] | |
| F2 | Potterville toLansing | Eaton,Ingham | 0210 | 10.9 miles (17.5 km) | A barn and a Meijer store were destroyed, and the side of a house was torn off.[4] | |
 A radar image taken during the outbreak, which shows the tornado still ongoing. | |
| Meteorological history | |
|---|---|
| Formed | April 21, 1967, 3:50 p.m.CDT (UTC−05:00) |
| F4 tornado | |
| on theFujita scale | |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 24 |
| Injuries | 410 |
| Damage | $250,000 (1967 USD)[9] |
The F4 tornado that struck the Belvidere-Harvard-Woodstock area was responsible for one of the highest tornado-related death tolls in a single school building ever recorded when it struck Belvidere High School as multiple school buses were being loaded.[citation needed] At 3:50 P.M., a violentmultiple vortex tornado, later given an F4 rating, moved throughBelvidere, Illinois, damaging the high school and overturning buses.[5][4] A total of 24 people were killed with 13 of the dead in Belvidere atBelvidere High School, making this tornado the sixth deadliest ever to hit a school.[6] 410 people were injured as well and 127 homes destroyed with another 379 being damaged.[5][4] The Belvidere tornado was especially devastating because it hit the school just as students were getting on the buses to go home.[5] Just before 4 p.m. CDT, the tornado reached the school. Twelve buses, already filled with elementary- and middle-school students, were tossed about. Several of the students were tossed into adjacent fields and killed.[5] A bus driver was killed as well. Shortly after the passing of the tornado, faculty and some of the stronger students used the fireproof doors of the high school as stretchers to carry the injured into the cafeteria, the severely injured into the library, and the dead into the gymnasium. Four hundred cars (three hundred new cars and 100 employee cars) were destroyed at theBelvidere Assembly Plant.[2] A school bus on a roadway south of Harvard was thrown into power lines and torn in half. The driver and students survived by sheltering in a ditch.
| F4 tornado | |
|---|---|
| on theFujita scale | |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 1 |
The second violent tornado of the day in Illinois may have developed as far southwest as Elgin but was first observed at about 5:00 p.m. CDT nearFox River Grove,[6][7] though its path is officially believed to have begun near Middlebury. It then produced a discontinuous[7] damage path through Fox River Grove,North Barrington, and Lake Zurich.[6] The most intense damage, given an F4 rating, occurred at Lake Zurich Manor, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) northwest of downtown Lake Zurich; there, roughly 75 homes were leveled and 200 severely damaged.[6] The Acorn Acres subdivision, northeast of and adjoining Lake Zurich Manor, reported scattered damage and debris with about 12 homes severely damaged.[6] According to official plots fromStorm Data, the tornado lifted after hitting Acorn Acres, though non-tornadic damages to trees and buildings occurred as far as the intersection ofIllinois Route 63 and Gilmer Road. There, severe winds, possiblydownbursts, destroyed four homes, onebrewery, and a plastic-manufacturing site, though at least one source indicates that the tornado was likely still present at that place.[6] In all, the tornado killed one person, and damaged 400–500 homes and destroyed about 100 other homes.[7][4] Anair-conditioning unit weighing 1,000 lb (16,000 oz) was thrown .5 mi (0.80 km). Cars were picked up and tossed as well.[4]
 The tornado over aKorvette store in Oak Lawn | |
| F4 tornado | |
|---|---|
| on theFujita scale | |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 33 |
| Injuries | ~500-1,000 |
| Damage | $40 million+ (1967 USD)[10] |
The third violent tornado to affect Illinois this day was also the deadliest tornado of the entire outbreak. The F4 tornado that swept throughPalos Hills, Oak Lawn,Hometown,Evergreen Park, and skipped through Chicago'sSouthside, killed 33 people. The path of this tornado was 16 miles long, and at times 200 yards (180 m) wide. It dissipated at Rainbow Beach onLake Michigan.
An intensesupercell with ahook echo onweather radar first appeared at 4:45 p.m. CDT about 18 miles (29 km) west-northwest ofJoliet. Later, at 5:15 p.m., an employee of the U.S. Weather Bureau observed a rotatingwall cloud about 10 miles (16 km) north of Joliet. Minutes later, severe thunderstorm winds blew out windows in a building, though no tornado or funnel cloud had yet occurred.[11] Near theLittle Red Schoolhouse, in what is now theForest Preserve District of Cook County, an observer first noted a funnel cloud to the south, moving east withhail up to .75 inches (19 mm) in diameter—but he was unable to report to the Weather Bureau as histelephone failed to give adial tone.[11] At 5:24 p.m. CDT, a tornado touched down at the present-day campus ofMoraine Valley Community College[6] and moved east-northeast, mainly at70° heading.[7] As it touched down, the tornado bent power poles and blew down small trees and vegetation, tossing dirt as it went. It then grew in size to 450 feet (150 yd) wide and enteredPalos Hills, destroying about five buildings—including twoframe homes and a brick home—and snapping trees.[11] Subsequently, the intensifying funnel severely damaged homes and adrive-in theater[6] in a half-block-wide area ofChicago Ridge.[11]
Over the next six minutes, the tornado attained its maximum intensity as it tore a 16.2-mile (26.1 km) swath of damage throughOak Lawn,Hometown, andEvergreen Park at a 60-mile-per-hour (97 km/h) ground forward speed.[6] As it passed through thebusiness district of Oak Lawn, the tornado leveled many homes that were built entirely of brick.[11] In Oak Lawn, the tornado threw 25–40 vehicles from the intersection of Southwest Highway and W. 95th St. (US-12/20),[6] killing 16 people who were stuck in traffic during therush hour.[5] At the same intersection, the tornado destroyed the gym atOak Lawn Community High School, including the locker room to which the students had been evacuated. Though none were killed, several students were injured. Seven shoppers were killed across the street when the roof of a grocery store collapsed on them.[12]
This tornado ended up being the deadliest of the outbreak.[11] It destroyed the brick pro shop at Beverly Country Club at 87th and Western Avenue, trapping several people who suffered only minor injuries. As it moved beyond Evergreen Park, the tornado weakened and widened as it caused lighter damage to vegetation, roofs, and garages. It finally moved offshore as awaterspout at Rainbow Beach, producing a wind gust up to 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) at awater filtration plant on the lakefront shore.[11] In all, the tornado killed 33 people, including several children at aroller skatingrink, and injured 1,000.[13] It destroyed 152 homes and damaged 900, causing $40 million in damage. The destroyed buildings included ahigh school, grocery store, tavern, market, motel, drive-in theater, restaurant, numerous apartments, and two gas stations. Additionally, the tornado caused numerous fires in Oak Lawn which were quickly extinguished.[13]
Just two days after the outbreak, three inches (76 mm) of snow fell on Belvidere, which only exacerbated the cleanup from Friday's tornadoes. In fact, many cities and towns in the Midwest broke record overnight lows on April 24 and 25. Astate of emergency was declared forBoone County, and the reserves came to assist in the cleanup effort.
The tornado has its own section in the Oak Lawn Public Library.[14]