Beiuș | |
|---|---|
 Aerial view | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location within Bihor County | |
  Beiuș Location in Romania | |
| Coordinates:46°39′N22°21′E / 46.650°N 22.350°E /46.650; 22.350 | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Bihor |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–2024) | Gabriel-Cătălin Popa[1] (PNL) |
Area | 24.46 km2 (9.44 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 191 m (627 ft) |
| Population (2021-12-01)[2] | 9,745 |
| • Density | 400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
| Postal code | 415200 |
| Area code | (+40) 02 59 |
| Vehicle reg. | BH |
| Website | www |
Beiuș (Romanian pronunciation:[beˈjuʃ];Hungarian:Belényes) is acity inBihor County,Romania near theApuseni Mountains. The riverCrișul Negru flows through Beiuș, and the city administers a single village, Delani (Gyalány).
Between the late 18th and very early 20th centuries, Beiuș constituted one of the most important learning centres of the Romanian language inCrișana.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 2,947 | — |
| 1890 | 3,385 | +14.9% |
| 1900 | 4,016 | +18.6% |
| 1910 | 4,648 | +15.7% |
| 1920 | 4,303 | −7.4% |
| 1930 | 4,293 | −0.2% |
| 1941 | 8,220 | +91.5% |
| 1948 | 5,807 | −29.4% |
| 1956 | 6,851 | +18.0% |
| 1966 | 8,744 | +27.6% |
| 1977 | 9,960 | +13.9% |
| 1992 | 12,353 | +24.0% |
| 2002 | 12,089 | −2.1% |
| 2011 | 10,667 | −11.8% |
| 2021 | 9,745 | −8.6% |
| Source: Census data | ||
At the2011 census, the city had a population of 10,667; the ethnic structure of the population was: 89.8%Romanians, 7.3%Hungarians, 2.6%Roma, and 0.3% other. At the2021 census, Beiuș had a population of 9,745; of those, 81.3% were Romanians, 5.03% Hungarians, and 4,88% Roma.[3]
Beiuș's earliest mention in recorded history was in the year 1263, where it was mentioned as being burned down during theMongol invasion of 1241. After a period ofOttoman occupation, it was conquered in 1691 by theHabsburg Empire, as confirmed by theTreaty of Karlowitz in 1699. After theAustro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, the town was ruled by the Hungarian administration, until 1918.[citation needed]
After the collapse ofAustria-Hungary at the end ofWorld War I, and the declaration of theUnion of Transylvania with Romania in December 1918, theRomanian Army took control of Beiuș in April 1919, during theHungarian–Romanian War. The town officially became part of the territory ceded to theKingdom of Romania in June 1920 under the terms of theTreaty of Trianon. During theinterwar period, it became the seat ofplasa Beiuș, inBihor County. Following theadministrative reform of 1950, the town became the seat of BeiușRaion withinBihor Region (renamed Oradea Region in 1952 and Crișana Region in 1960). In 1968, the old territorial division intojudețe was reinstituted, and the town reverted to being part of Bihor County.
Today, Beiuș is a peaceful place, combining few ethnicities and three times as many religions as in previous times. The city contains superb architectural edifices, including a few old churches and the "Samuil Vulcan" highschool, built in 1828, which obtained the "National College" designation in 1998. The city is a key point in reaching theApuseni Mountains and their rich mines, or mountain resorts such asStâna de Vale [ro] andArieșeni through smaller but picturesque communities and villages likeBudureasa andVașcău. The nearby mountains are hosts to some of the most dense and spectacular limestone cave systems in the world. These caves contain remains of the extinct cave bear (Ursus speleus) and prehistoric humans, huge colonies of bats, subterranean lakes, striking calcareous formations and giant earthworms that live in theguano-flooded cave floor.
Beiuș has its own city museum which houses over 3,000 pieces. The museum exhibits reflect its natural history, military history and art, but most famous are its folkloric artifacts: peasant tools, pottery, garments and folk art gathered from the entire central and southern county of Bihor. The tunnels in the city are also famous, as they are believed to link together and act as escape routes used during the Medieval Age. Their construction began during the rule of Hungarian kingBela IV. The nearby landscape includes: agricultural hills with crops ranging from corn, wheat and potato to fruit orchards like apple, pears, plums and strawberries. A long stretch of wildlife depleted forest that is rich in flora begins in the north-east of the city. Industry is represented mainly through production of furniture and fashion destined for European markets. The nearby distillery and beverage factory of Sudrigiu also employs a large part of the city's labour force.
Available or popular sports in or around Beiuș are: fresh water fishing (trout,catfish,carp,barbel,chub,dace, and at least a dozen other edible species), speleology (spelunking), soccer (Sunday soccer is a local ritual for all ages), skiing, snowboarding, sledding, tennis, hiking, camping, backpacking, and rock climbing. Hunting for species like:wild boar, roe deer, rabbit, pheasant, dove, partridge, and ducks (mainlymallards) is also popular.
Football is the most successful and loved sport in Beiuș,Bihorul Beiuș being the most representative team of the city, a club with a rather rich history, being founded in 1921.
Békéscsaba, Hungary
Green, United StatesKomló, HungaryMéhkerék, Hungary
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