Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Battle off Yarmouth (1777)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1777 battle of the American Revolutionary War
Battle off Yarmouth
Part of theAmerican Revolutionary War

1974 painting ofCabot byWilliam Nowland Van Powell
Date28 March 1777
Location
ResultBritish victory
Belligerents
Great BritainUnited States
Commanders and leaders
John Burr[1][2]Joseph Olney
Strength
1 frigate3 brigs
Casualties and losses
Unknown1 brig captured

TheBattle off Yarmouth took place on 28 March 1777 during theAmerican Revolutionary War off the coast ofYarmouth, Nova Scotia.[3] The battle is the first American armed vessel to engage theRoyal Navy. British frigateHMS Milford forced the AmericanUSS Cabot aground and the American crew escaped among the inhabitants of Yarmouth.[4][5][6]

Background

[edit]

During the American Revolution, Americans regularly attacked Nova Scotia by land and sea. American privateers devastated the maritime economy by raiding many of the coastal communities,[note 1] such as the numerous raids onLiverpool and onAnnapolis Royal.[7]

Battle

[edit]

Three American vessels (brigantines) –Massachusetts (Captain John Fisk),[8]Tyrannicide (Captain Jonathan Harriden) and the brigCabot (Captain Olney) - were sailing toward Nova Scotia and were confronted at 11:00 pm by British frigateHMS Milford. They waited until morning before they decided to attack. During the morning hoursCabot had been separated from the other two ships. Then the weather became "thick and rainy" until 6:00 pm. When the weather clearedMilford pursuedCabot. The wind and waves remained high and the pursuit lasted for several days and nights. Captain Olney realizedCabot was being overtaken and steered to the Nova Scotia shore and beached the vessel nearChebogue River, a short distance from Yarmouth.[3]

Aftermath

[edit]

The crew of 140 got safely to shore and escaped into the village of Chebogue. Local residents CaptainZacharias Foot[9][10] and his nephew CaptainRichard Valpey[11][12] housed and fed thirty of the crew for a few weeks until they were able to secure a vessel back toPortsmouth,New Hampshire. One observer noted that Captain Foot's "unbounded liberality to American prisoners is Well known to many."[13] On separate occasions, Foot and Valpey were later imprisoned by the Americans. Captain Olney advocated for Foot's release, which was successful. After this period, Foot continued to trade with Boston the release of American prisoners for other goods and supplies.[14][15] American privateers remained a threat to Nova Scotian ports for the rest of the war. For example, after a failed attempt to raidChester, Nova Scotia, American privateers struck again in theRaid on Lunenburg in 1782.

Milford took 14 days to getCabot afloat and then sent it toHalifax.[16]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Benjamin Franklin also engaged France in the war, which meant that many of the privateers were also from France.

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^"John Burr (c.1725-1776)".threedecks.org. Retrieved10 May 2019.
  2. ^Smith, Charles Richard (1975).Marines in the Revolution: A History of the Continental Marines in the American Revolution, 1775-1783. History and Museums Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps. p. 434.
  3. ^abSmith, Charles Richard (1975)."Marines in the Revolution: A History of the Continental Marines in the American Revolution, 1775-1783". History and Museums Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps. p. 111.
  4. ^"How Zachariah Foote, of Yarmouth, Endured the American Revolutionary War".yarmouthhistory.ca. Retrieved10 May 2019.
  5. ^Silverstone, Paul H. (2006).The Sailing Navy, 1775–1854. New York, New York: Routledge. p. 7.ISBN 978-0-415-97872-9.
  6. ^Maclay, Edgar Stanton (1894).A History of the United States Navy, from 1775 to 1893. Vol. 1. p. 85.[permanent dead link]
  7. ^Marsters, Roger (2004).Bold Privateers: Terror, Plunder and Profit on Canada's Atlantic Coast. pp. 87–89.
  8. ^"Massachusetts soldiers and sailors of the revolutionary war. A compilation from the archives". Office of the Secretary of State Massachusetts. 1896. p. 27.OCLC 1049642859.
  9. ^The Papers of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. Vol. II. 1978. p. 1635.
  10. ^"Local History".
  11. ^"American Maritime Units and Vessels and Their Supporters During the Revolutionary War 1775–1783: Including French and Spanish (H–I)".Granville Hough's Ship Listing. Archived from the original on January 28, 2022. Retrieved14 August 2022.[unreliable source?]
  12. ^"The Many Trials of Richard Valpey of Yarmouth, and his Service to American Cause During the Revolution". 16 August 2017.[unreliable source?]
  13. ^Annals of Yarmouth, p. 56
  14. ^Annals of Yarmouth pp. 13–16, 56–60
  15. ^Naval Records of the American Revolution, 1775-1788. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. 1906. p. 262.
  16. ^Allen, Gardner W. (1913)."A Naval History of the American Revolution In Two Volumes". Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 191.

References

[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_off_Yarmouth_(1777)&oldid=1294415918"
Categories:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp