Bashir Saghir Hawadi (Arabic:بشير الصغير هوادي; born 1941), alsotransliterated asHawady orHouadi, is aLibyan major general who served underMuammar Gaddafi. He was among the twelve original members of theLibyan Revolutionary Command Council, and became the chief judge of theLibyan People's Court, and theGeneral Secretary of theArab Socialist Union.[1]
A native ofWaddan, Hawadi was a classmate ofMuammar Gaddafi at theBenghazi Military University Academy.[2] He and Awad Ali Hamza (born 1943) were in the political study cell Gaddafi formed at the school.[1]
Hawadi played a key role in the1969 Libyan coup d'état that brought Gaddafi to power. After the successful coup, he was among the twelve "free officers" named to theLibyan Revolutionary Command Council (RCC).[3] He also served as chief judge of theLibyan People's Court in 1970.[4]
In June 1971, Gaddafi founded avanguard party namedArab Socialist Union to mobilize revolutionary enthusiasm and support of the masses.[5] Hawadi was named General Secretary of the party, while Gaddafi was chairman.[1] He later served as Minister of Religious Affairs.[2] In that capacity, Hawadi opposed funding for theNation of Islam by arguing that the NOI was not a real Muslim organization.Herbert Muhammad, the son of NOI leaderElijah Muhammad, had visited Gaddafi in Tripoli in December 1971 and requested funding.[6]
In August 1975, Hawadi and Hamza sided with Planning Minister and fellow RCC memberUmar Muhayshi in the latter's dispute with Gaddafi. Gaddafi accused them of plotting a coup. Hawadi and Hamza were arrested; Muhayshi andAbdul Moniem al-Taher el-Huny fled Libya.[4][1][7] The aborted coup hastened the end of the RCC.[8] In the ensuing purge, most of the conspirators were executed in March 1976.[9] Hawadi apparently survived the purge. It was unclear how long Hawadi was imprisoned, but it appeared he was eventually forgiven by Gaddafi and led a quiet life out of politics.
When theFirst Libyan Civil War broke out in 2011, Hawadi was summoned by Gaddafi and he appeared on Libyan state TV in his military uniform for the first time in 36 years on 26 May 2011 to praise Gaddafi.[10] In September 2011, after theBattle of Tripoli, Hawadi was arrested by rebel forces and imprisoned inMisrata. Hawadi claimed Gaddafi had threatened to kill him and wipe his hometown ofWaddan off the map if he had refused to help Gaddafi mobilize public support and "calm the people of Libya." Hawadi also claimed that he had had no military or political role in a long time due to his poor relationship with Gaddafi and that he had surrendered to theNational Transitional Council after being guaranteed safety. He stated that he knew nothing about Gaddafi's whereabouts as he had last seen him on 25 May 2011.[2]
