Bareq بارق Bariq | |
|---|---|
Governorate | |
 Bareq Skyline | |
| Nickname: عروس المجد ("Bride of Glory") | |
  Bareq | |
| Coordinates:18°55′56″N41°56′38″E / 18.93222°N 41.94389°E /18.93222; 41.94389 | |
| Country |  Saudi Arabia |
| Province | Asir |
| JoinedSaudi Arabia | 1925 |
| Founded by | Bariq tribe, ofAzd |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Ahmed Awad Al-Bariqi |
| • Governor | Yahya Abdulrahman |
| Elevation | 412 m (1,352 ft) |
| Population 2015 | |
• Total | 75,351 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EAT) |
Bareq (Arabic:بارق; alsotransliterated asBāriq), is one of thegovernorates ofAsir in the north-west of the region, 120 km (75 mi) north ofAbha. It occupies a distinct location midway betweenTihama andAsir, 412 m (1,352 ft) above sea level. With an estimated population of 75,351, it is well off economically; the city has grown rapidly and has many government services and public utilities available. It is one ofAsir's winter resorts because of its natural environment and mild winter weather. Bareq hasvalleys.
Bareq was founded in 220 AD. (citation?) Bareq is part of the territory which is historically known as the "yamen" as in ancient Arabs inHijaz referred to the south from their perspective as "yamen" which is today's southern Saudi Arabia, which dates back to the second millennium BC and was inhabited by a tribe calledBariq belonging to the ancient tribe ofAl-Azd that has many clans linked to it.[1][2][3] Known before the advent of Islam asDiyār Bāriq, it was traversed by the ancient trade route fromSouth Arabia toMecca and the Levant, known as thewinter and summer journeys.[4][5] It also used to hold theSuq Hubasha[6] in the first eight days of the month ofRajab (other sources say three days).[7] The market and convoys were protected by the Bareq country and thissouq was the market forAzd. It was one of the greatest Arabsouqs of all, and also the last of thepre-Islamic markets to be destroyed.[8] In the mid-seventh century AD, the Bareq tribe enteredIslam and played a pivotal and a major role in theMuslim conquests,[9][10][11][12][13][14] and many Bariqis settled in various countries after the Muslim conquest.[15][16][17]
At the rise of theFirst Saudi State in the 18th century, the villages of Bareq were governed by local clans in a fashion similar to that ofNejd, while the large tribal confederations maintained a high degree of autonomy. Bareq gave allegiance toFirst Saudi State in 1809 under the leadership of the Bareq chiefAhmed Ibn Zahir of theHumaydah clan.[18][19] When theFirst Saudi State was destroyed by theEgyptians in 1818, the Bariqis continued to fight the Egyptian forces in their region tenaciously. With the withdrawal of the Egyptians in 1840.[20]
In 1872 the Turks took direct control of the region, making Bareq asanjak of Turkish Yemen, remained in the Ottoman Empire for 42 years.[21][22] In the 1880s, theIdrissi dynasty ofSabya became the predominant political force, ruling the region under the supervision of Turkish advisors. In the early twentieth century, in 1910,Muhammad ibn Ali al-Idrisi, a descendant ofAhmad Ibn Idris, began to establish political control of Bareq. After negotiations withItaly, which had interests nearby inSomalia, the Idrisi forces of Muhammad came into conflict withOttoman forces inAjama. The Idrisis were defeated in 1911 byHashemite forces underHussein ibn Ali, Sharif of Mecca,[23] then still loyal to the Ottomans, but the tide turned when Muhammad ibn Ali concluded a secret military alliance with Great Britain (by then at war with the Ottomans) in 1915, and Sharif Hussein later switched sides and joined the British against the Ottomans.[24]
Turkish troops were withdrawn following the outbreak of war in 1914, and Turkish rule in Bareq became even more tenuous. In April 1915, British agents, hoping to garnerBariqis support for the Allies, signed a treaty with the Idrisi emir guaranteeing the independence and security of Bareq upon the defeat of the Turks. Bariqi troops fought the Turks as allies of the British forces in January 1917;, in a subsequent agreement, the British government of India promised independence at the end of the war.
After the end ofFirst World War, Muhammad ibn Ali became ruler of an internationally recognized sovereign state, until his death in 1920. The territories of the emirate reached from Bareq in the north toHudaydah in the south. Muhammad's successors were however unable to resist the growing power ofAbd Al-Aziz Ibn Saud, who began controlling South of Arabian Peninsula and its neighboring regions after Muhammad's death. Bareq accepted being part of Kingdom Saudi Arabia in 1924,[25] and from then on Bareq was controlled by theHouse of Sa'ud.
Bariq is at an elevation of 412 m (1,352 ft) above sea level, and approximately 90 km (56 mi) inland from theRed Sea. It's lies 120 km (75 mi) km north-west ofAbha (Occupying a distinct location at the road junction at the middle betweenTihama andAsir). The district of Bariq begins about 10 miles (16 km) north of "Muha'il", and covers an area of about 40 miles (64 km) from north to south and 57 miles (92 km) from east to west, and are bounded byTanomah to the east, Majaridah to the north, Muhail to the south, andQunfudhah to the west.[26] It is a fertile country and well watered and extensively cultivated,maize,millet,barley, andsesame being the principal crops.[27][28]
The inhabitants of Bareq are largely made up of theSunnis Saudi Arabians. There are also significant foreign populations, primarily from Asia, Turkey, and other Arab countries.
In Bareq & surrounding areas, a local dialect of Arabic is spoken, which is known asBareqi Arabic (Arabic:لهجة بارقية,lahjat bariqia), spoken by some 60,000 people. It shares similarities with theHejazi &Najdi dialects, as well as theHimyaritic language.
The region's crops, most of which are cultivated on small plains irrigated by the floods or on the silt of the stream beds. includewheat,coffee,indigo,ginger,vegetables, andsesame. It is one of the best agricultural districts inSaudi Arabia. The region also supportscattle,sheep, andgoats.[29]
The first school in Bareq was established in 1952. Today Bareq is home to more than 100 public educational institutes.
Bareq has an arid tropical climate with an average annual temperature of 86.5 °F (30.3 °C). January typically sees daytime highs of 82 °F (28 °C) and lows of 64 °F (18 °C), while July has average daytime highs of 92 °F (33 °C) and lows of 69 °F (21 °C). With an average annual temperature of 66.8 °F (19.3 °C).
| Climate data for Bareq, Saudi Arabia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 82 (28) | 83 (28) | 84 (29) | 86 (30) | 86 (30) | 88 (31) | 92 (33) | 91 (33) | 90 (32) | 87 (31) | 86 (30) | 84 (29) | 87 (30) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 64 (18) | 66 (19) | 66 (19) | 67 (19) | 67 (19) | 68 (20) | 69 (21) | 69 (21) | 68 (20) | 67 (19) | 66 (19) | 65 (18) | 67 (19) |
| Source: .[30] | |||||||||||||
Bareq is known for its cuisine and traditional meals such asjalamah,khmer,haneeth,lahoh,murtabak, aerykh,asida, muqalqal, andmandi.
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| |
| Main Saudi Arabian cities by population | |
|---|---|
| 1,000,000 and more | |
| 300,000-999,999 | |
| <300,000 | |
Source:cdsi.gov.sa | |
