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| Place of origin | Iran viaHazaras |
|---|---|
| Region or state | Razavi Khorasan |
| Main ingredients | Wheat flour |
Barbari bread (Persian:نان بربری,romanized: nân-e barbari) is a type ofIranianyeastleavenedflatbread. It is one of the thickest flat breads and is commonly topped withsesame orblack caraway seeds. A notable characteristic of the bread is its top skin that is similar topretzels orlye roll's skin due to theMaillard reaction that occurs during baking. Before baking it is glazed with a mixture ofbaking soda, flour and water. It is widely known asPersian flatbread inUnited States andCanada.[1][2]
Barbari bread traces back to theQajar era. It apparently takes its name from a community of people calledBarbars which was settled around Teheran during the 19th century.[3][4]
During theQajar dynasty, numerous Hazaras immigrated toKhorasan province. TheHazaras ofKhorasan province were known by the name Barbar until thePahlavi period. While the term "Barbari" for this tribe was replaced by "Khavari" by royal edict ofMohammad Reza Pahlavi,[5][6][7] the bread itself kept its title and is now commonly known as "nān-e barbari" in Iran.
The bread is still referred to asnān-e barbari in Iran whileHazaras refer to it asnān-e tanūri ("tandoor [tandir] bread").[8][9] It is popular amongIranian Azerbaijanis.[citation needed]
The bread is usually 70 cm to 80 cm long, and 25 cm to 30 cm wide.[10] It is the most common style baked in Iran. It is served in many restaurants withLighvan cheese, a ewe's milk cheese similar tofeta cheese.[11]
Nān-e barbari is bread of medium hardness, about 3/4 inch thick and leavened like thesangak. It has its name from a community of Berbers which one of the Qajār šāhs settled south of Teheran during the last century
Barbars were an ethnic group indigenous to northeastern Iran that borders Afghanistan.Barbari implies of or related tobarbars. Dehkhoda dictionary of Persian language has mentioned a type of bread that was baked by abarbars group calledbarbari. Thebarbars brought this bread to Tehran during the Qajar period.
The Barbars hated being referred by such a name and Reza Shah granted them the name Khavari (Easterners)
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