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Baoshan 保山市 | |
|---|---|
 Downtown skyline  Jade Emperor Pavilion  Nine Dragons Sculpture  Yiluochi Park  Baoxiu Square  Tengyang Guildhall  Qinghua Lake | |
 Location of Baoshan in Yunnan | |
| Coordinates (Baoshan municipal government):25°06′43″N99°09′40″E / 25.112°N 99.161°E /25.112; 99.161 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Yunnan |
| Admin HQ | Longyang |
| Area | |
• Total | 19,064.6 km2 (7,360.9 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,677 m (5,502 ft) |
| Population (2010) | |
• Total | 2,506,491 |
| • Density | 131.474/km2 (340.515/sq mi) |
| GDP[1] | |
| • Total | CN¥ 126.2 billion US$ 18.6 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 52,438 US$ 7,734 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 678000 |
| Area code | 0875 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-YN-05 |
| Vehicle registration | 云M |
| Website | www |
Baoshan (Chinese:保山;pinyin:Bǎoshānⓘ;Burmese:ပေါက်ရှန်), historically alsoYongchang (Chinese:永昌;pinyin:Yǒngchāng), is aprefecture-level city in westernYunnan Province, People's Republic of China. Baoshan is the second-biggest metropolitan area in western Yunnan afterDali.
Baoshan is located between the border ofBurma and the Lancang river (Mekong); specifically it borders the Burmese states ofKachin to the northwest andShan to the south. The Nujiang (Salween River) flows through the entire length of the prefecture, north to south.
Tempered by the low latitude and moderate elevation, Baoshan has a mildsubtropical highland climate (KöppenCwb), with short, mild, dry winters and warm, rainy summers. Frost may occur in winter but the days still generally warm up to around 16 to 17 °C (61 to 63 °F), with a January average of 9.1 °C (48.4 °F). The warmest month is June, which averages 21.5 °C (70.7 °F). Nearly three quarters of the annual rainfall occurs from June to October.
| Climate data for Baoshan, elevation 1,652 m (5,420 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.4 (72.3) | 25.4 (77.7) | 28.9 (84.0) | 30.0 (86.0) | 32.4 (90.3) | 32.3 (90.1) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.9 (89.4) | 30.1 (86.2) | 29.4 (84.9) | 26.0 (78.8) | 22.4 (72.3) | 32.4 (90.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.4 (63.3) | 19.3 (66.7) | 22.3 (72.1) | 24.5 (76.1) | 25.9 (78.6) | 26.5 (79.7) | 25.8 (78.4) | 26.4 (79.5) | 25.7 (78.3) | 23.9 (75.0) | 20.8 (69.4) | 18.1 (64.6) | 23.1 (73.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 9.7 (49.5) | 11.8 (53.2) | 14.9 (58.8) | 17.6 (63.7) | 20.2 (68.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.6 (70.9) | 21.5 (70.7) | 20.5 (68.9) | 18.2 (64.8) | 13.8 (56.8) | 10.4 (50.7) | 16.8 (62.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.5 (38.3) | 5.2 (41.4) | 8.4 (47.1) | 11.7 (53.1) | 15.5 (59.9) | 18.7 (65.7) | 18.9 (66.0) | 18.6 (65.5) | 17.3 (63.1) | 14.4 (57.9) | 8.8 (47.8) | 4.7 (40.5) | 12.1 (53.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.8 (25.2) | −2.6 (27.3) | −1 (30) | 2.7 (36.9) | 7.4 (45.3) | 12.4 (54.3) | 13.1 (55.6) | 13.0 (55.4) | 10.7 (51.3) | 5.5 (41.9) | 0.7 (33.3) | −2.3 (27.9) | −3.8 (25.2) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 23.2 (0.91) | 21.0 (0.83) | 30.6 (1.20) | 45.4 (1.79) | 90.1 (3.55) | 100.4 (3.95) | 173.6 (6.83) | 196.2 (7.72) | 145.9 (5.74) | 102.7 (4.04) | 26.8 (1.06) | 8.3 (0.33) | 964.2 (37.95) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.6 | 5.0 | 7.7 | 10.7 | 12.0 | 15.2 | 21.4 | 21.3 | 16.1 | 12.2 | 4.5 | 2.6 | 132.3 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 65 | 60 | 57 | 61 | 67 | 73 | 79 | 80 | 79 | 76 | 72 | 69 | 70 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 247.1 | 232.8 | 254.9 | 236.6 | 221.9 | 162.6 | 116.2 | 144.1 | 159.9 | 191.7 | 229.2 | 239.8 | 2,436.8 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 74 | 73 | 68 | 62 | 54 | 40 | 28 | 36 | 44 | 54 | 71 | 73 | 56 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[2][3]all-time Nov high[4] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[5] | |||||||||||||
The city-prefecture of Baoshan has jurisdiction over five subdivisions — a district, one county-level city and three counties.
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| Longyang District | 隆阳区 | Lóngyáng Qū | 935,618 | 5,011 | 187 |
| Tengchong City | 腾冲市 | Téngchōng Shì | 644,765 | 5,845 | 110 |
| Shidian County | 施甸县 | Shīdiàn Xiàn | 305,223 | 2,009 | 152 |
| Longling County | 龙陵县 | Lónglíng Xiàn | 277,319 | 2,884 | 96 |
| Changning County | 昌宁县 | Chāngníng Xiàn | 343,566 | 3,888 | 88 |
Tengyue, the other major populated area in the county, successfully lobbied for and achieved city status in 2015-16 and is currently in the process of separating itself and the surrounding Tengchong area from Baoshan administratively.[citation needed]
The prefecture has about 2.5 million inhabitants.
Among the resident population, the population ofHan is 2,248,140, accounting for 89.69%; the population ofethnic minorities is 258,351, accounting for 10.31%.
| National name | Han | Yi | Bai | Dai | Lisu | Hui | Miao | Bulang | Wa | Jingpo | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 2248140 | 81524 | 45890 | 43049 | 34423 | 12436 | 10580 | 9834 | 4833 | 4204 | 11578 |
| Proportion of total population (%) | 89.69 | 3.25 | 1.83 | 1.72 | 1.37 | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.46 |
| Proportion of minority population (%) | --- | 31.56 | 17.76 | 16.66 | 13.32 | 4.81 | 4.10 | 3.81 | 1.87 | 1.63 | 4.48 |
According to theBaoshan Ethnic Gazetteer (2006:337), ethnicBulang are distributed in the following villages within Baoshan City.
The Yaojing (尧净), a subgroup of theDe'ang, are located in Baizhai (白寨), Laxian (拉线), and Dagoubian (大沟边) of Mangyan Village (芒颜村) and Shiti Village (石梯村) in Lujiang Township (潞江乡),Longyang District (Baoshan Ethnic Gazetteer 2006:490-491).[full citation needed]
Baoshan lies on the main road fromRuili on the Burmese border toKunming. The Baoshan−Kunming section is completed highway, and the Baoshan-Ruili part was completed in 2016, finalizing the highway net crossing Yunnan east-to-west. It is the first finished highway between China and Myanmar.
Baoshan Yunrui Airport (IATA:BSD,ICAO:ZPBS) has daily flights to and from Kunming.
The currently under constructionDali–Ruili railway will pass through Baoshan.Baoshan railway station will handle passenger services whileBaoshan North will handle freight.
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