panaki / kutsutɨkaˀa | |
|---|---|
 Bannock people in Idaho | |
| Total population | |
| 89 alone and in combination[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 United States ( Idaho) | |
| Languages | |
| Northern Paiute,[2]English | |
| Religion | |
| Native American Church,Sun Dance, traditional tribal religion,[3]Christianity,Ghost Dance | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Northern Paiutes,Northern Shoshone,[4]Mono |
TheBannock tribe (Northern Paiute:panaki orkutsutɨkaˀa)[5] were originallyNorthern Paiute but are more culturally affiliated with theNorthern Shoshone. They are in theGreat Basin classification of Indigenous People. Their traditional lands include northern Nevada, southeasternOregon, southernIdaho, and westernWyoming. Today they are enrolled in thefederally recognizedShoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation of Idaho, located on theFort Hall Indian Reservation.
The Northern Paiute have a history of trade with surrounding tribes. In the 1700s, the bands in easternOregon traded with the tribes to the north,[6] who by 1730 had acquired the horse.[7] In the mid-18th century, some bands developed a horse culture and split off to become the Bannock tribe.[8] The horse gave the tribe a greater range, from Oregon to northernNevada,[2] southernIdaho,[9] and westernWyoming.[8] They forayed from there on the Bannock Trail toMontana andCanada to hunt buffalo.[10]
The Bannock have traditionally made pottery, utensils frombighorn sheep horns, and carrying bags made from salmon skin. Theirpetroglyphs date back before European contact, and, after the introduction of glass beads, they transferred their geometric design to beadwork. For water transport, they have madetule reed rafts.[11] Prior to the late 19th century, Bannock people fished for salmon on theSnake River inIdaho and in the fall, they hunted buffalo herds. Buffalo hides have provided material fortipis.[12]
The Bannock are prominent in American history due to theBannock War of 1878. After the war, the Bannock moved onto theFort Hall Indian Reservation with the Northern Shoshone and gradually their tribes merged. Today they are called the Shoshone-Bannock. The Bannock live on the Fort Hall Indian Reservation, 544,000 acres (2,201 km2) in Southeastern Idaho.[9]Lemhi and Northern Shoshone live with the Bannock Indians.
In the2010 U.S. census, 89 people identified as having "Bannock" ancestry with 38 being "full-blooded". 5,315 people are enrolled in the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation, all of whom are designated "Shoshone-Bannock" (without more specific designation).[1]
